List of hundreds of England and Wales
Most of the counties of England were divided into hundreds from the late Saxon period and these were, with a few exceptions, effectively abandoned as administrative divisions in the 19th century.[1] In Wales there was a system of division by cantref (meaning a hundred farmsteads); in some areas, equivalent districts were known as "wapentakes", "cantrefs" (Welsh: cantrefi) or "wards". Some cantrefs and wapentakes were later referred to as hundreds.
Bedfordshire
- Barford
- Biggleswade
- Clifton
- Flitt
- Manshead
- Redbornestoke
- Stodden
- Willey
- Wixamtree
Berkshire
From The National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland (1868)
- Beynhurst
- Bray
- Hundred of Charlton
- Compton
- Cookham
- Faircross
- Hundred of Faringdon (containing the parishes of Great Coxwell and Great Faringdon.[2] All parishes of the hundred were transferred to Oxfordshire on 1 Apr 1974.)
- Ganfield
- Hormer
- Kintbury Eagle
- Lambourn
- Moreton
- Ock
- Reading
- Ripplesmere (containing the parish of Windsor, etc.)[3]
- Shrivenham
- Sonning
- Theale
- Wantage
- Wargrave
Buckinghamshire
Chiltern Hundreds
Cambridgeshire
Cambridgeshire was divided into 17 hundreds, plus the borough of Cambridge. Each hundred had a separate council that met each month to rule on local judicial and taxation matters. In 1929 the hundreds contained the following parishes.[4][5]
Cheshire
From Harris, B. E., and Thacker, A. T. (1987). The Victoria History of the County of Chester. (Volume 1: Physique, Prehistory, Roman, Anglo-Saxon, and Domesday). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-722761-9.
Domesday Hundreds
With some variations in the names, the Domesday hundreds were:
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Later Hundreds
Atiscross and Exestan were lost to Wales, and a merging and amalgamation of the rest with a renaming led to the following hundreds:
Cornwall
In Cornwall, the name calqued cantrev
- Penwith Hundred (Penwyth)
- Kerrier Hundred (Keryer)
- Pydarshire (Pedera)
- Powdershire (Pow Ereder)
- Triggshire (Trigor)
- Lesnewth Hundred (Lysnowyth)
- Stratton (Stradneth)
- West Wivelshire (Fawy)
- East Wivelshire (Ryslegh)
For some purposes, the Isles of Scilly were counted as a tenth hundred.
Cumberland
Cumberland was divided into wards, analogous to hundreds. From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland
- Allerdale-above-Derwent
- Allerdale-below-Derwent
- Cumberland
- Eskdale
- Leath
Derbyshire
The civil divisions of Derbyshire were anciently called wapentakes. In the Domesday Survey of 1086 are mentioned the wapentakes of Scarvedale, Hamestan, Morlestan, Walecross, and Apultre, and a district called Peche-fers.[7] Divided into hundreds by 1273. From GENUKI (based on the 1868 Gazette):
- High Peak—Hamestan wapentake and perhaps Peche-fers district in 1086; Peck wapentake by 1273.
- Wirksworth—Called a wapentake as late as 1817.
- Scarsdale
- Morleston and Litchurch—Called in the Domesday Survey of 1086, Morlestan or Morleystone wapentake and Littlechurch wapentake,[8] and in the Hundred-Roll of 1273, Littlechirch; by 1300 combined as the hundred of Morleston and Litchurch.[9]
- Appletree
- Repton and Gresley—In 1274 formed the separate wapentakes of Repindon and Greselegh (owned by the King and the heirs of the Earl of Chester respectively); in 1086 the large Walecross wapentake.
Devon
In 1850 there were thirty-two hundreds in Devon according to White's History, Gazetteer, and Directory of Devonshire[10]
Dorset
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County Durham
County Durham was divided into wards, analogous to hundreds. From an 1840 map of County Durham .
- Chester-le-Street
- Darlington
- Easington
- Stockton
Essex
- Barstable (sometimes spelled Barnstable)
- Becontree
- Chafford
- Chelmsford
- Clavering
- Dengie
- Dunmow
- Freshwell
- Harlow
- Liberty of Havering, also sometimes known as Romford Hundred
- Hinckford
- Lexden
- Ongar
- Rochford
- Tendring
- Thurstable
- Uttlesford
- Waltham
- Winstree
- Witham
According to essex1841.com the 1841 census also recorded Harwich hundred, which the Victoria County History places within Tendring.
Gloucestershire
The thirty-nine hundreds mentioned in the Domesday Survey and the thirty-one hundreds of the Hundred Rolls of 1274 differ very widely in name and extent both from each other and from the twenty-eight hundreds of the present day. From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland
- Barton Regis
- Berkeley
- Bishop's Cleeve
- Bisley
- Bledisloe
- Botloe
- Bradley
- Brightwell's Barrow
- Cheltenham
- Cleeve
- Crowthorne-with-Minety
- Deerhurst
- Dudstone (upper, middle and lower divisions)
- Grumbalds Ash
- Henbury
- Kiftsgate (upper and lower divisions)
- Langley and Swinehead
- Longtree
- Lower Slaughter
- Lower Tewkesbury
- Lower Thornbury
- Pucklechurch
- Rapsgate
- St Briavels
- Tibaldstone
- Upper Slaughter
- Upper Tewkesbury
- Upper Thornbury[12]
- Westbury
- Westminster
- Whitstone (upper and lower divisions)
The Duchy of Lancaster (Gloucestershire) liberty was sometimes counted as a hundred.
Hampshire
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Herefordshire
The hundreds mentioned in the Domesday Survey and the hundreds of the Hundred Rolls of 1274 differ very widely in name and extent both from each other and from the ten hundreds of the present day.
From Domesday:
- Cutestornes
- Hazeltree
From The National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland (1868)
- Broxash
- Ewyas-Lacy
- Greytree
- Grimsworth
- Radlow
- Stretford
- Webtree
- Wigmore
- Wolphy
- Wormelow (upper and lower divisions)
Hertfordshire
(Danais & Tring added as per History of Hertfordshire)[13]
- Braughing
- Broadwater
- Cashio (Previously known as St Albans Hundred)
- Dacorum
- Danais (merged with Tring to form Dacorum)
- Edwintree
- Hertford
- Hitchin
- Odsey
- Tring (merged with Danais to form Dacorum)
Huntingdonshire
- Hurstingstone
- Leightonstone
- Norman Cross
- Toseland
Kent
From Kent Genealogy . Kent was traditionally divided into East and West Kent, and into lathes and hundreds.
East Kent
Lathes: St. Augustine, Scraye, Shepway
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plus Romney Marsh Liberty
West Kent
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plus the Lowey of Tonbridge
Lathe of Scraye (part)
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Lancashire
Leicestershire
Leicestershire was originally divided into four wapentakes, but these were usually later described as hundreds. From the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica[14] after 1346 the six hundreds were:
In the Domesday Book, West Goscote and East Goscote made up just Goscote and Sparkenhoe did not yet exist. The division which brought East and West Goscote and Sparkenhoe into existence was made in 1346.
Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire was divided into three Parts, each of which was divided into wapentakes, analogous to hundreds. From map on Lincolnshire County Council website
- Aswardhurn
- Aveland
- Boothby Graffoe (Higher and Lower divisions)
- Beltisloe
- Flaxwell
- Langoe (First and Second divisions)
- Loveden
- Ness
- Winnibriggs and Threo (wapentake)
- Lindsey
- North Riding of Lindsey
- Bradley-Haverstoe
- Ludborough
- Walshcroft (North and South divisions)
- Yarborough
- South Riding of Lindsey
- Calceworth (Marsh and Wold divisions)
- Candleshoe (Marsh and Wold divisions)
- Gartree[16] (North and South divisions)
- Hill
- Louth-Eske (Marsh and Wold divisions)
- Wraggoe (East and West divisions)
- West Riding of Lindsey
- Aslacoe (East and West divisions)
- Corringham
- Epworth[17] (compare Isle of Axholme)
- Manley (East, North, and West divisions)
- Lawress
- Well
Middlesex
- Edmonton
- Elthorne
- Gore
- Isleworth (recorded in 1086 as Hounslow)[18]
- Ossulstone
- Spelthorne
Norfolk
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Northamptonshire
In 1086, there were 29 hundreds in the county. By the time of the 'Nomina Villarum' a survey carried out in the first half of the 12th Century, the Stoke Hundred had been absorbed into the Corby Hundred.[20] From the Northamptonshire Family History Society[21] the hundreds in the 1800s are:
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The liberty and Soke of Peterborough (now in Cambridgeshire) was sometimes called Nassaburgh hundred.
Northumberland
Following the Harrying of the North and subsequent incursions from Scotland, the high sheriff of Northumberland was granted extraordinary powers. The county was subdivided into baronies, which were arranged in six wards and subdivided into constabularies.[23] The wards were analogous to hundreds. From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland (1868)
Nottinghamshire
Nottinghamshire was divided into wapentakes, analogous to hundreds. From the Thoroton Society of Nottinghamshire
- Bassetlaw (North Clay, South Clay and Hatfield divisions)
- Bingham (North and South divisions)
- Broxtowe (North and South divisions)
- Newark (North and South divisions)
- Rushcliffe (North and South divisions)
- Thurgarton (North and South divisions)
Oxfordshire
From [26]
- Bampton[27][28]
- Banbury
- Binfield[29]
- Bloxham[30]
- Bullingdon
- Chadlington
- Dorchester
- Ewelme (Known as Benson hundred in 1070)[31]
- Kirtlington[32] - A hundred at the time of Domesday, it was combined to form the major portion of Ploughley hundred by 1169.
- Langtree
- Lewknor[33]
- Pyrton - Pirton is a later Latinised spelling.[34]
- Ploughley[35] - Name first mentioned in the form Pokedelawa hundred in the Pipe Roll of 1169.
- Thame
- Wootton - Includes the three hundreds dependent on the royal manor of Wootton in 1086[36] and sometimes called the "three hundreds of Wootton"[37] in the later 12th century: Shipton hundred,[38] (unknown name) hundred and pre-1086 Wootten hundred.[39] The hundred was later divided into two administrative regions:
- Wootton (Northern part) - 19 parishes including Barford St. Michael, Deddington, Glympton, Heythrop, Rousham, Sandford St. Martin, South Newington, Stonesfield, Tackley, Wootton, the Astons (North Aston and Steeple Aston), the Bartons (Steeple Barton and Westcott Barton), the Wortons (formed in 1932 by combining Nether Worton and Over Worton parishes), and the three Tews (Great Tew, Little Tew and Duns Tew).
- Wootton (Southern part) - 15 parishes and several extraparochial places[40]
- Within Woolton hundred yet separately administered were the areas of Oxford City & University,[41] Oxford City and Oxford Liberty.[42]
Rutland
- Alstoe
- East
- Martinsley
- Wrandike
Shropshire
.jpg)
Domesday Book
From Open Domesday[43]
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Post-Domesday
The hundreds of Shropshire were greatly reformed during the 12th century.
From GENUKI[44]
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† — including the Shropshire exclave of Halesowen
‡ The liberties of the borough of Shrewsbury and priory/borough of Wenlock were extensive and are usually considered as hundreds (Wenlock's sometimes described as the "franchise of Wenlock").[45]
Somerset
From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland
Staffordshire
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From GENUKI[46]
- Cuttlestone
- Offlow
- Pirehill
- Seisdon
- Totmonslow
Suffolk
Surrey
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There are thirteen hundreds and one half hundred:
Sussex
Sussex was divided into rapes, and then hundreds.
Arundel Rape
The Arundel Rape covered nearly all of what is now West Sussex until about 1250, when it was split into two rapes the Arundel Rape and the Chichester Rape.[48] In 1834 it contained five hundreds sub-divided into fifty six parishes.[49]
- Avisford
- Bury
- Poling
- Rotherbridge
- West Easwrith
Bramber Rape
The Bramber Rape lies between the Rape of Arundel in the west and Lewes in the east. In 1834 it contained 40 parishes.[50]
- Brightford
- Burbeach
- West Grinstead (Grensted in the Domesday Survey)
- Poling (once known as Rieberge)
- Singlecross
- Steyning
- Tarring (a peculier of the Archbishop of Canterbury)
- Tipnoak
as well as 3 half hundreds
- East Easwrith
- Fishersgate
- Wyndham
Chichester Rape
The combined Chichester and Arundel Rape covered nearly all of what is now West Sussex until about 1250, when it was split into two rapes the Arundel Rape and the Chichester Rape.[48] In 1834 it contained seven hundreds and seventy-four parishes.[51]
- Aldwick
- Bosham
- Box and Stockbridge
- Dumpford
- Easebourne
- Manhood
- Westbourne and Singleton
Hastings Rape
The Rape of Hastings was on the easternmost part of Sussex, with the county of Kent to its east and the Rape of Pevensey to its west. In 1833 it had 13 hundreds giving a total of about 154,060 acres.[52]
- Baldslow
- Battle
- Bexhill
- Foxearle
- Goldspur
- Gostrow
- Guestling
- Hawksborough
- Henhurst
- Netherfield
- Ninfield
- Shoyswell
- Staple
Lewes Rape
The Rape of Lewes is bounded by the Rape of Bramber on its west and the Rape of Pevensey on its east. Although it had the same amount of hundreds in 1833 as in the Domesday survey, there had been some cases of manors and parishes been taken from one and added to another hundred, and in other cases the hundreds had been divided and lost.[53]
- Barcombe
- Buttinghill
- Dean
- Fishergate
- Holmestrow
- Poynings
- Preston
- Street
- Swanborough
- Whalesbourne
- Younsmere (also Falmer)
Pevensey Rape
The Pevensey Rape lies between the Rapes of Lewes and Hastings. In 1833 it contained 19 hundreds and 52 parishes[54]
- Alciston
- Bishopstone
- Danehill Horsted
- Dill
- Eastbourne
- East Grinstead (Grinsted in the Domesday survey)
- Flexborough
- Hartfield
- Lindfield Burley-Arches (also Burarches)
- Lowey or Liberty of Pevensey - Part of Port of Hastings, so having the immunities and privileges of the Cinque Ports.
- Loxfield Camden
- Loxfield Dorset
- Longbridge
- Ringmer
- Rotherfield
- Rushmonden
- Shiplake
- Totnore
- Willingdon
Warwickshire
Warwickshire was divided into four hundreds, with each hundred consisting of a number of divisions.
- Barlinchway (also Barlichway)
- Alcester
- Henley
- Snitterfield
- Stratford
- Hemlingford
- Atherstone
- Birmingham
- Solihull
- Tamworth
- Kington (also Kineton)
- Brailes
- Burton Dassett
- Kington
- Warwick
- Knightlow
- Kenilworth
- Kirby
- Rugby
- Southam
Westmorland
Westmorland was divided into four wards, analogous to hundreds. Pairs of wards made up the two Baronies. From Magna Britannica et Hibernia (1736)
Barony of Kendal
The Barony of Kendal had two wards:
- Kendal
- Lonsdale
Barony of Westmorland
The Barony of Westmorland had two wards:
- East Ward
- West Ward
Wiltshire
Domesday Hundreds
With some variations in the names, the Domesday hundreds were:
Hundreds in 1835
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Worcestershire
The ancient hundreds in 1086 at the time of the Domesday survey were:[57] Ash, Came, Celfledetorn, Clent, Cresslow, Cutestornes, Doddingtree, Dudstone, Fernecumbe, Fishborough, Greston, Ossulstone, Oswaldslow, Pershore, Plegelgete, Seisdon, Tewkesbury, Tibblestone, Wolfhay, Some of the parishes within these hundreds, such as Feckenham in Ash Hundred, Gloucester in Dudstone Hundred, may have partially been in other counties or were transferred between counties in the intervening years.
Over the centuries, some of the hundreds were amalgamated and appear in many useful statistical records. The hundreds that continued their courts until disuse include:
- Blackenhurst
- Doddingtree
- Halfshire - Halfshire hundred[58] combined[59] the Domesday hundreds of Clent[60] and Cresslow.[61]
- Oswaldslow - The hundred combined three ancient hundreds.
- Pershore
Yorkshire
Yorkshire has three Ridings,[62] East, North and West. Each of these was divided into wapentakes, analogous to hundreds.
The Ainsty wapentake, first associated with the West Riding, became associated in the fifteenth century with the City of York, outside the Riding system.
The hundreds of Amourdness and Lonsdale in Lancashire plus part of Westmorland were considered as part of Yorkshire in the Domesday Book.
East Riding of Yorkshire
- Buckrose
- Dickering Wapentake
- Harthill Wapentake (Bainton Beacon, Holme Beacon, Hunsley Beacon and Wilton Beacon divisions)
- Holderness Wapentake (North, Middle and South divisions)
- Howdenshire
- Ouse and Derwent
The other division of the riding was Hullshire.
North Riding of Yorkshire
- Allerton
- Birdforth
- Bulmer
- Gilling East
- Gilling West
- Hallikeld
- Hang East
- Hang West
- Langbaurgh (West and East divisions)
- Pickering Lythe
- Ryedale
- Whitby Strand
West Riding of Yorkshire
- Agbrigg and Morley (Agbrigg and Morley divisions)
- Ainsty Wapentake (___ and ___ divisions) (became a district named Ainsty of York in the 15th century)
- Barkston Ash Wapentake
- Claro Wapentake (Upper and Lower divisions) (Burghshire wapentake was renamed in the 12th century)
- Ewcross
- Osgoldcross Wapentake
- Skyrack (Upper and Lower divisions)
- Staincliffe Wapentake (East and West divisions)
- Staincross Wapentake
- Strafforth and Tickhill (Upper and Lower divisions)
The Cantrefi of Wales
Kingdom of Gwynedd
Anglesey
The modern county of Anglesey was part of the Kingdom of Gwynedd. It is divided into three cantrefi or hundreds,[63] and these into six cymydau, or commotes; the three districts are Cemais, Aberffraw cantref, and Rhosyr cantref; the six commotes are Llyfon, Maltraeth, Menai, Talybolion, Twrcelyn, and Tyndarthwy.[64]
Gwynedd
Caernarvonshire
Caernarvonshire was created under the terms of the Statute of Rhuddlan in 1284 following Edward I of England's conquest of the Principality of Wales and included the cantrefi of: Llŷn, Arfon, Arllechwedd and the commote of Eifionydd (the northern portion of Dunoding).[65]
The county was divided into ten hundreds based on the existing Welsh commotes: Cymydmaen (anglicised as Commitmaen), Creuddyn, Dinllaen, Eifionydd (Evionydd), Cafflogion (Gaflogion), Llechwedd Isaf (...Isav), Llechwedd Uchaf (...Uchav), Nant Conwy (Nant-Conway), Is Gwyrfai (Isgorvai) and Uwch Gwyrfai (Uchgorvai).[66][67][68] Creuddyn, a commote of Cantref Rhos in the Kingdom of Gwynedd, later came into the boundary of Caernarvonshire.[69]
Cardiganshire
When Edward I of England conquered Wales in 1282, he divided it into counties. Cardiganshire was an Anglicisation of the name for the historic kingdom of Ceredigion. It was one of the thirteen historic counties of Wales. The hundreds of Cardiganshire were Genau'r-Glyn, Ilar, Moyddyn, Penarth and Troedyraur.[70][71]
Carmarthenshire
Denbighshire
- Bromfield
- Chirk
- Denbigh
- Dogfeiling
- Is Aled
- Is Dulas
- Maelor Gymraeg
- Rhuthun
- Yale
Flintshire
From Vision of Britain .
Glamorgan
- Caerphilly
- Cowbridge
- Dinas Powis
- Kibbor
- Llangyfelach
- Miskin
- Neath
- Newcastle
- Ogmore
- Swansea
Merionethshire
From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland
Monmouthshire
From Genuki . All split into Upper and Lower divisions.
Pembrokeshire
Powys
Brecknockshire
From GENUKI
- Builth
- Crickhowell
- Deffynog
- Merthyr
- Penkelly
- Talgarth
Montgomeryshire
- Cawrse[72]
- Deythur[72]
- Arwystli - later the Hundred of Llanidloes[73]
- Llanfyllin[72]
- Machynlleth[72]
- Mathrafell[72]
- Montgomery (also Kerry)[72]
- Newtown[72]
- Welshpool[72]
Radnorshire
References
- ↑ Webb, Sidney; Webb, Beatrice (1906). English Local Government from the Revolution to the Municipal Corporations Act: the parish and the county. London: Longmans Green and Company. pp. 284–285.
- ↑ http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/berks/vol4/p486 British History Online: The Hundred of Faringdon
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/ripplesmere/ Open Domesday: Ripplesmere hd.
- ↑ "Cambridgeshire Hundreds". rootsweb.
- ↑ Kelly (1929). Directory of Cambridgeshire, Norfolk & Suffolk.
- ↑ "'South Witchford Hundred: Stretham and Thetford', A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume 4: City of Ely; Ely, N. and S. Witchford and Wisbech Hundreds (2002), pp. 151-159.". British History Online.
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=qUBaAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR11&dq=Morleston+Wapentake&hl=en&sa=X&ei=lAzrVPPuIcKiNrnDg6AP&ved=0CDoQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=Morleston%20Wapentake&f=false Derbyshire 5, page xi.
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/search/?geo=Litchurch Domesday Map Online: Litchurch
- ↑ Craven, Maxwell: Derby Street by Street (Breedon Books, Derby, 2005) ISBN 1-85983-426-4
- ↑ "The Hundreds of Devon". GENUKI. Retrieved 2011-06-20.
- ↑ "Alvredesberge Hundred was broken up after 1086 and contributed Cranborne, Boveridge, Edmondsham and Pentridge to the later Cranborne Hundred; Brockington to Knowlton Hundred and Wimborne St Giles (see Book of Fees, p. 92; and 10,3 Wimborne note) to the later Wimborne Hundred", quoted from:
- ↑ http://placenames.org.uk/browse/mads/epns-deep-40-hu-subcounty-000004
- ↑ http://opendomesday.org/county/hertfordshire/ Open Domesday Map: Hertfordshire
- ↑
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/elloe/ Open Domesday Map: Elloe Wapentake
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/gartree/ Open Domesday: Gartree (Lincolnshire wapentake)
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/epworth/
- ↑ "The hundred of Isleworth", A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 3, (1962), Date accessed: 6 January 2008.
- ↑ William White (1845). History, gazetteer, and directory of Norfolk.
- ↑ http://www.cottinghamhistory.co.uk/Hundred%20map.htm
- ↑ About the County
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/guilsborough/ Domesday: Guilsborough hundred
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=-w5CAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA320&dq=Society+for+the+Diffusion+of+Knowledge+Northumberland+320&hl=en&sa=X&ei=GiOjVcW3AYm7-AGuhajwBA&ved=0CDMQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Society%20for%20the%20Diffusion%20of%20Knowledge%20Northumberland%20320&f=false "The Penny Cyclopædia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge", Vol. 15-16, page 320.
- ↑ http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/20065 Vision of Britain: Castle Ward Map
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=UUJiAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA19&lpg=PA19&dq=Glendale+ward+and+constableries&source=bl&ots=rOJbY8ExIT&sig=zrg7UJQTlXQm59sByGhis4Qdkrc&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ryejVcWzDIjk-AH3lYNg&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Glendale%20ward%20and%20constableries&f=false A list of the wards, divisions, parishes, and constableries, in the County of Northumberland: Glendale Ward
- ↑ Vision of Britain website
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/bampton/ Open Domesday: Bampton hundred
- ↑ http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol13/pp1-5 British History Online: Bampton hundred
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/binfield/ Open Domesday: Binfield hundred
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/bloxham/ Open Domesday: Bloxham hundred
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/benson/ Open Domesday: Benson hundred
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/kirtlington/ Open Domesday: Kirtlington hundred
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/lewknor/ Open Domesday: Lewknor hundred
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/pyrton/ Open Domesday: Pyrton hundred
- ↑ http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol6/pp1-6 British History Online: Ploughley hundred
- ↑ http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol11/pp1-5 British History Online: Wootten Hundred
- ↑ http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol11/xii British History Online: Wootten hundred
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/shipton/ Open Domesday: Shipton hundred
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/wootton/ Open Domesday: Wootten hundred
- ↑ http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol12/pp1-2 British History Online: Wootten hundred (Southern part)
- ↑ http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol4/pp1-2 BHO: Oxford City Introduction
- ↑ http://www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-dict/england/pp503-525 Topographical Dictionary: Oxford
- ↑ Open Domesday Shropshire
- ↑ GENUKI Shropshire hundreds
- ↑ British History Online The Liberty and Borough of Wenlock
- ↑
- ↑ William White (1844). History, gazetteer, and directory of Suffolk. p. 15.
- 1 2 "'The rape of Chichester: Introduction', A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 4 (1953) pp. 1 - 2.". Retrieved 28 August 2010.
- ↑ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume II pp.105-184
- ↑ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume II pp.185-274
- ↑ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume II pp.1-104
- ↑ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume II pp.425-592
- ↑ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume I pp.103-268.
- ↑ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume I pp.269-424
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/startley/
- ↑ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/studfold/
- ↑ http://opendomesday.org/county/worcestershire/ Open Domesday Map: Worcestershire
- ↑ http://opendomesday.org/search/?geo=halfshire Open Domesday Map: Halfshire hundred
- ↑ http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/worcs/vol3/pp1-4 British History: Halfshire hundred
- ↑ http://opendomesday.org/hundred/clent/ Open Domesday Map: Clent Hundred
- ↑ http://opendomesday.org/hundred/cresslow/ Open Domesday Map: Cresslow Hundred
- ↑ Room, Adrian (1986). A Dictionary of True Etymologies. London: Routledge. pp. 148–149. ISBN 0-415-03060-9. - Riding is taken from the Old Norse thrithjung meaning thirdings one third of an equally important area.
- ↑ P. B. Williams (1839). The Gwyneddion for 1832 (Essay on the Island of Anglesey by the late Rev P. B. Williams). H. Hughes. p. 1. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
- ↑ "The National Gazetteer (Anglesey)". genuki.org.uk. 1868. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
- ↑ Waters, W. H., The Making of Caernarvonshire, Caernarvonshire Historical Society Transactions, 1942-43
- ↑ Samuel Lewis (editor) (1849). "Carnarvonshire". A Topographical Dictionary of Wales. British History Online. Retrieved 2008-07-27.
- ↑ John Bartholomew (1887). "Carnarvonshire". Gazeteer of the British Isles. Vision of Britain. Retrieved 2008-07-27.
- ↑ National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland, Caernarvonshire
- ↑ John Britton; et al. (1812). The Beauties of England and Wales Volume 17. Vernor and Hood. p. 503. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
- ↑ Margaret Escott (2009). "Cardiganshire; The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1820-1832, ed. D.R. Fisher". historyofparliamentonline.org. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
- ↑ Society for the Difussion of Useful Knowledge (1836). The Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Difussion of Useful Knowledge. Charles Knight. p. 287. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland
- ↑ Powys-land Club (1868). Collections, historical & archaeological relating to Montgomeryshire. J Russell Smith. p. 209. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
- Bibliography
- Brandon, Peter, ed. (1978). The South Saxons. Chichester: Phillimore. ISBN 0-85033-240-0.
- Notes on Wapentakes in Lincolnshire, from 'Introduction: Lost vills and other forgotten places', Final Concords of the County of Lincoln: 1244-1272 (1920), pp. L-LXV
- Horsfield, Thomas Walker (1834). The History, Antiquities and Topography of the County of Sussex. Bakewell: Country Books. ISBN 978-1-906789-16-9.