List of Umayyad governors of al-Andalus

Monarchs of Spain

al-Andalus (taifas)

Aragon

Spain (medieval · modern)

Although the Muslims were never monarchs of Spain, it is worth mentioning them here because the Muslims did occupy the southern part of the Iberian peninsula for seven hundred years. In medieval history, al-Andalus (Arabic: الأندلس‎) was the name given to the parts of the Iberian Peninsula and Septimania governed by Arab and North African Muslims (given the generic name of Moors), at various times in the period between 711 and 1492.

Rulers of al-Andalus

Umayyad Governors of al-Andalus

In the administrative structure of the Umayyad Caliphate, al-Andalus was formally a province subordinate to Kairouan in Ifriqiya. Most of the governors (wali) of al-Andalus from 711 to 756 were deputies appointed by the governor in Kairouan, although a significant number were chosen locally, with or without Kairouan's consent. Only one was a direct Caliphal appointee for Spain.

Key: All appointed by governor of Ifriqiya except (*) elected internally by Andalusians; (**) appointed directly by Caliph; (***) forcibly imposed by Syrian regiments ^[1]

Musa ibn Nusair al-Lakhmi, 712 – September 714 (also governor of Ifriqiya)
Abd al-Aziz ibn Musa, September 714 – March 716
Ayyub ibn Habib al-Lakhmi, March 716 – August 716 (*)
al-Hurr ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Thaqafi, August 716 – March 719
al-Samh ibn Malik al-Khawlani, March 719 – June 721 (**)
Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd Allah al-Ghafiqi, July 721 (*)
Anbasa ibn Suhaym al-Kalbi, August 721 – January 726
Udhra ibn Abd Allah al-Fihri, January 726 – March 726 (*)
Yahya ibn Salama al-Kalbi, March 726 – June 728
Hudhaifa ibn al-Ahwas al-Ashja'i, June 728 – December 728
Uthman ibn Abi Nisa al-Khathami, December 728 – April 729
al-Haytham ibn Ubayd al-Kinani, April 729 – February 730
Muhammad ibn Abd Allah al-Ashja'i, February 730 – March 730
Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd Allah al-Ghafiqi, March 730 – October 732 (2nd time, by appointment)
Abd al-Malik ibn Katan al-Fihri, December 732 – November 734
Uqba ibn al-Hajjaj al-Saluli, November 734 – December 740
Abd al-Malik ibn Qatan al-Fihri, December 740 – March 742 (*)
Balj ibn Bishr al-Qushayri, March 742 – August 742 (**/***, technically governor of Ifriqiya)
Thalaba ibn Salama al-Amili, August 742 – May 743 (***)
Abu al-Khattar al-Husam ibn Darar al-Kalbi, May 743 – August 745
Thuwaba ibn Salama al-Judhami, August 745 – October 746 (***)
Abd al-Rahman ibn Qatir al-Lakhmi, October 746 – January 747 (qadi, temporary)
Yusuf ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Fihri, January 747 – May 756 (*)

Umayyad Emirs of Córdoba

Abd ar-Rahman I, 756–788
Hisham I, 788–796
al-Hakam I, 796–822
Abd ar-Rahman II, 822–852
Muhammad I, 852–886
al-Mundhir, 886–888
Abdallah ibn Muhammad, 888–912
Abd ar-Rahman III, 912–929

Umayyad Caliphs of Córdoba

Abd ar-Rahman III, as caliph, 929–961
Al-Hakam II, 961–976
Hisham II, 976–1008
Muhammad II, 1008–1009
Sulayman II, 1009–1010
Hisham II, restored, 1010–1012
Sulayman II, restored, 1012–1016
Abd ar-Rahman IV, 1017

The Umayyad dynasty was interrupted by the Hammudid dynasty:

Ali ibn Hammud al-Nasir, 1016–1018
Al-Qasim ibn Hammud al-Ma'mu, 1018–1021
Yahya ibn Ali ibn Hammud al-Mu'tali, 1021–1023
Al-Qasim ibn Hammud al-Ma'mu, 1023 (restored)

The Umayyad dynasty returned to power:

Abd-ar-Rahman V, 1023–1024
Muhammad III, 1024–1025
interreign of Yahya ibn Ali ibn Hammud al-Mu'tali, 1025–1026
Hisham III, 1026–1031

References

General

Christys, Ann (2003). "The transformation of Hispania after 711: The Governors of al-Andalus". Regna and Gentes: The Relationship between Late Antique and Early Medieval Peoples and Kingdoms in the Transformation of the Roman World. The transformation of the Roman world, v. 13. Leiden: Brill. p. 241. ISBN 978-90-04-12524-7.
Collins, Roger (1995). "Lists of Rulers: The Arab Governors". Early Medieval Spain: Unity in Diversity, 400–1000. New Studies in Medieval History (2nd ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 299. ISBN 978-0-312-12662-9.

Specific

↑ Compiled from Gonzalo Martínez Díez, El condado de Castilla, 711-1038, p. 743; Abd al-Wahid Dhannun Taha (1989) Muslim Conquest and Settlement of North Africa and Spain, p. 183.

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