List of Prime Ministers of Spain

Kingdom of Spain (First restoration, 1874–1931)

Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Council of Ministers)

Political Persuasion:       No affiliation       Liberal conservative       Social democrat       Liberal progressive       Centrist       Military

Picture	Name	From	Until	Political Party	Monarch (Reign)
	Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1st time)	31 December 1874	12 September 1875	Conservative	King Alfonso XII (1874–1885)
	Joaquín Jovellar y Soler	12 September 1875	2 December 1875
	Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (2nd time)	2 December 1875	7 March 1879
	Arsenio Martínez Campos	7 March 1879	9 December 1879
	Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (3rd time)	9 December 1879	8 February 1881
	Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (3rd time)	8 February 1881	13 October 1883	Liberal
	José Posada Herrera	13 October 1883	18 January 1884
	Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (4th time)	18 January 1884	27 November 1885	Conservative
	Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (4th time)	27 November 1885	5 July 1890	Liberal	Queen Dowager Maria Christina Regent for King Alfonso XIII (1886–1902)
	Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (5th time)	5 July 1890	11 December 1892	Conservative
	Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (5th time)	11 December 1892	23 March 1895	Liberal
	Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (6th time)	23 March 1895	8 August 1897	Conservative
	Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero Acting Prime Minister until 21 August 1897 (1st time)	8 August 1897	4 October 1897
	Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (6th time)	4 October 1897	4 March 1899	Liberal
	Francisco Silvela y de le Vielleuze (1st time)	4 March 1899	23 October 1900	Conservative
	Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero (2nd time)	23 October 1900	6 March 1901
	Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (7th time)	6 March 1901	6 December 1902	Liberal
	Francisco Silvela y de le Vielleuze (2nd time)	6 December 1902	20 July 1903	Conservative	King Alfonso XIII (1886/1902–1931)
	Raimundo Fernández Villaverde (1st time)	20 July 1903	5 December 1903
	Antonio Maura y Montaner (1st time)	5 December 1903	16 December 1904
	Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero (3rd time)	16 December 1904	27 January 1905
	Raimundo Fernández Villaverde (2nd time)	27 January 1905	23 June 1905
	Eugenio Montero Ríos	23 June 1905	1 December 1905	Liberal
	Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (1st time)	1 December 1905	6 July 1906
	José López Domínguez	6 July 1906	30 November 1906
	Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (2nd time)	30 November 1906	4 December 1906
	Antonio González de Aguilar y Correa Marquis of Vega de Armijo	4 December 1906	25 January 1907
	Antonio Maura y Montaner (2nd time)	25 January 1907	21 October 1909	Conservative
	Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (3rd time)	21 October 1909	9 February 1910	Liberal
	José Canalejas y Méndez	9 February 1910	12 November 1912
	Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas Acting Prime Minister (1st time)	12 November 1912	14 November 1912
	Álvaro Figueroa y Torres Mendieta Count of Romanones (1st time)	14 November 1912	27 October 1913
	Eduardo Dato e Iradier (1st time)	27 October 1913	9 December 1915	Conservative
	Álvaro Figueroa y Torres Mendieta Count of Romanones (2nd time)	9 December 1915	19 April 1917	Liberal
	Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas (2nd time)	19 April 1917	11 June 1917	Liberal-Democratic
	Eduardo Dato e Iradier (2nd time)	11 June 1917	3 November 1917	Conservative
	Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas (3rd time)	3 November 1917	22 March 1918	Liberal-Democratic (Concentration government)
	Antonio Maura y Montaner (3rd time)	22 March 1918	9 November 1918	Conservative (Concentration government)
	Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas (4th time)	9 November 1918	5 December 1918	Liberal-Democratic
	Álvaro Figueroa y Torres Mendieta Count of Romanones (3rd time)	5 December 1918	15 April 1919	Liberal
	Antonio Maura y Montaner (4th time)	15 April 1919	20 July 1919	Conservative (Concentration government)
	Joaquín Sánchez de Toca Calvo	20 July 1919	12 December 1919	Conservative
	Manuel Allendesalazar (1st time)	12 December 1919	5 May 1920
	Eduardo Dato e Iradier (3rd time)	5 May 1920	8 March 1921
	Gabino Bugallal Araújo Count of Bugallal Acting Prime Minister	8 March 1921	13 March 1921
	Manuel Allendesalazar (2nd time)	13 March 1921	14 August 1921
	Antonio Maura y Montaner (5th time)	14 August 1921	8 March 1922	Conservative (Concentration government)
	José Sánchez-Guerra y Martínez	8 March 1922	7 December 1922	Conservative
	Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas (5th time)	7 December 1922	15 September 1923	Liberal-Democratic
	General Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja Army Captain General, Marquis of Estella and Ajdir (Head of the Military Directory until 3 December 1925.)	15 September 1923	30 January 1930	Military Dictatorship
	Dámaso Berenguer Count of Xauén, Army General	30 January 1930	18 February 1931	Military "Dictablanda"
	Juan Bautista Aznar-Cabañas Navy Admiral	18 February 1931	14 April 1931

Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939)

Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Council of Ministers)

Parties

      DLR       AR       PRR       Independent       IR       UR       PSOE

Coalitions

      Centrist coalition       Centre-right coalition       Centre-left coalition       Mixed coalition

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Political Party	Government	Composition	Legislature	President (Term)
			Took office	Left office	Days
		Niceto Alcalá-Zamora (1877–1949)	14 April 1931	14 October 1931	183	Liberal Republican Right	II Rep. 1 Alcalá-Zamora	PSOE-PRR-PRRS-AR-DLR-FRG-PCR	Provisional	Vacant
			President of the Provisional Government of the Second Spanish Republic. Writing of the Spanish Constitution of 1931. 1931 Burning of Convents.
		Manuel Azaña (1880–1940)	14 October 1931	16 December 1931	699	Republican Action	II Rep. 2 Azaña I	PSOE-PRR-PRRS-AR-FRG-PCR	I (1931)	Niceto Alcalá-Zamora (1931–1936)
			16 December 1931	12 June 1933			II Rep. 3 Azaña II	PSOE-ERC-PRRS-AR-FRG
			12 June 1933	12 September 1933			II.Rep 4 Azaña III	PSOE-ERC-PRRS-AR-FRG-PRF
			1931–33 "Reformist Biennium". Spanish Constitution of 1931 adopted. 1932 failed coup d'état. 1932 Catalonia Statute of Autonomy. 1933 Casas Viejas incident. Extension of suffrage to women in 1933. 1933 Law Confessions and Religious Congregations Law. Growing parliamentary opposition resulted in his dismissal by President Alcalá-Zamora.
		Alejandro Lerroux (1864–1949)	12 September 1933	9 October 1933	27	Radical Republican Party	Lerroux I	PRR-PRRS-ERC-AR-FRG-IRS
			Named to the post after Azaña's resignation. Resigned after failing to form a stable government.
		Diego Martínez Barrio (1883–1962)	9 October 1933	16 December 1933	68	Radical Republican Party	Martínez Barrio I	PRR-PRRS-ERC-AR-FRG-PRP-IRS
			Named to the post to organize the 1933 election.
		Alejandro Lerroux (1864–1949)	16 December 1933	28 April 1934	133	Radical Republican Party	Lerroux II	PRR-PAE-PRP-PRLD-PG	II (1933)
			Start of the 1933–35 "Conservative Biennium". Elected to the post after reaching a parliamentary agreement with the Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right (CEDA). Resigned after Alcalá-Zamora's refusal to sign an amnesty decree for the military personnel involved in the 1932 coupt d'etat attempt.
		Ricardo Samper (1881–1938)	28 April 1934	4 October 1934	159	Radical Republican Party	Samper	PRR-PAE-PRP-PRLD-PG
			Succeeded Lerroux after his resignation. Served for a few months before the CEDA withdrew support from him because of his perceived weakness to deal with social problems.
		Alejandro Lerroux (1864–1949)	4 October 1934	25 September 1935	356	Radical Republican Party	Lerroux III	CEDA-PRR-PAE-PRLD-PG
			3 April 1935	6 May 1935			Lerroux IV	PRR-PRP
			6 May 1935	25 September 1935			Lerroux V	CEDA-PRR-PAE-PRLD-PRP
			CEDA's entry into the government. Revolution of 1934, 1934 Asturian miners' strike and Events of October the 6th. Suspension of the Catalonia Statute of Autonomy. Resigned because of the 1935 Straperlo scandal.
		Joaquín Chapaprieta (1871–1951)	25 September 1935	14 December 1935	80	Independent	Chapaprieta	CEDA-PRR-PAE-LRC-PRP
			Succeeded Lerroux. Served for a few months before resigning as a result of the CEDA and the PRR withdrawing support from the government.
		Manuel Portela (1867–1952)	14 December 1935	30 December 1936	67	Independent	Portela I	LRC-PRP-Independents
			30 December 1935	19 February 1936			Portela II	Independents
			Named to the post to organize the 1936 election.
		Manuel Azaña (1880–1940)	19 February 1936	10 May 1936	81	Republican Left	Azaña IV	Popular Front (IR-UR)	III (1936)
			Elected to the post after the Popular Front victory in the 1936 election. Left the office to becoem President of the Republic.
		Augusto Barcía (1881–1961)	10 May 1936	13 May 1936	3	Republican Left	Azaña IV	Popular Front (IR-UR)		Manuel Azaña (1936–1939)
			Acting PM after Azaña's resignation.
		Santiago Casares Quiroga (1884–1950)	13 May 1936	19 July 1936	67	Republican Left	Casares Quiroja	Popular Front (IR-UR-ERC)
			Spanish coup of July 1936. Start of 1936–39 Spanish Civil War and 1936–37 Spanish Revolution. Resigned after not being able to acknowledge the threat of the coup in time.
		Diego Martínez Barrio (1883–1962)	19 July 1936	19 July 1936	0	Republican Union	Martínez Barrio II	Popular Front (IR-UR-ERC)
			Named to the post in order to convince coup leaders to stand down their weapons and surrender. Resigned after realising that civil war was inevitable.
		José Giral (1879–1962)	19 July 1936	4 September 1936	47	Republican Left	Giral	Popular Front (IR-UR-ERC)
			1936 Siege of the Alcázas and Extremaduran and Gipuzkoa campaigns.
		Francisco Largo Caballero (1869–1946)	4 September 1936	4 November 1936	302	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party	Caballero I	Popular Front (PSOE-IR-UR-ERC-PCE-PNV)
			4 November 1936	17 May 1937			Caballero II	Popular Front (PSOE-IR-UR-ERC-PCE-PNV-CNT)
			1936 Siege of Madrid. 1937 Battles of Jarama and Guadalajara, Biscay Campaign, start of the War in the North. 1937 May Days.
		Juan Negrín (1892–1956)	17 May 1937	5 April 1938	684	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party	Negrín I	Popular Front (PSOE-IR-UR-ERC-PCE-PNV)
			5 April 1938	1 April 1939			Negrín II	Popular Front (PSOE-IR-UR-ERC-PCE-PNV-PSUC-CNT)
			1937 Battles of Belchite and Brunete. 1937 Asturias and Zaragoza Offensives. 1937–38 Battle of Teruel. 1938 Aragon and Levante Offensives. 1938 Battle of the Ebro. 1938–39 Battle of the Segre. 1939 Catalonia and Final Offensives. Republican faction surrender and end of the Civil War.

Spanish Republican government in exile (1939–1977)

Prime Ministers in exile:

• Juan Negrín López (4 March 1939 – 17 August 1945)
• José Giral Pereyra (17 August 1945 – 9 February 1947)
• Rodolfo Llopis Ferrándiz (9 February 1947 – 8 August 1947)
• Álvaro de Albornoz y Liminiana (8 August 1947 – 13 August 1951)
• Félix Gordón Ordás (13 August 1951 – 9 May 1960)
• Emilio Herrera Linares (9 May 1960 – 28 February 1962)
• Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz y Menduiña (28 February 1962 – 28 February 1971)
• Fernando Valera Aparicio (28 February 1971 – 23 July 1977)

Francoist Spain (1936–1975)

Parties

      Military       FET–JONS

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Political Party	Government	Legislature	Head of State (Term / Reign)
			Took office	Left office	Days
		Miguel Cabanellas (1872–1938)	23 July 1936	1 October 1936	70	Military	National Defence Junta	—	—
			Named President of the National Defence Junta of the Nationalist side during the Civil War.
		Fidel Dávila Arrondo (1878–1962)	3 October 1936	3 June 1937	243	Military	State Technical Junta		Caudillo Francisco Franco (1936–1975)
			Named President of the State Technical Junta.
		Francisco Gómez-Jordana (1876–1944)	3 June 1937	31 January 1938	242	Military		National Council of the Movement
			Named President of the State Technical Junta.
		Francisco Franco (1892–1975)	31 January 1938	8 June 1973	12912	Falange (FET–JONS) Military	Francoist Governments: 1. Franco I (1938) 2. Franco II (1939) 3. Franco III (1941) 4. Franco IV (1942) 5. Franco V (1945) 6. Franco VI (1951) 7. Franco VII (1956) 8. Franco VIII (1957) 9. Franco IX (1962) 10. Franco X (1965) 11. Franco XI (1967) 12. Franco XII (1969)
			Spanish Civil War: defeated the Republicans in 1939, established Francoist Spain. Establishment of an autocratic one-party military dictatorship. White Terror. Fundamental Laws of the Realm. Spanish Miracle 1959–74. Named Prince Juan Carlos de Bourbon as heir apparent in 1969. Franco died on 20 November 1975.					Cortes Españolas: 1 (1943) 2 (1946) 3 (1949) 4 (1952) 5 (1955) 6 (1958) 7 (1961) 8 (1964) 9 (1967) 10 (1971)
		Luis Carrero Blanco (1904–1973)	9 June 1973	20 December 1973†	194	Falange (FET–JONS) Military	13. Carrero
			Assassinated by ETA members only 6 months into office.
		Torcuato Fernández-Miranda (1915–1980)	20 December 1973	31 December 1973	11	Falange (FET–JONS)
			Interim Prime Minister for a few days after the assassination of Luis Carrero Blanco.
		Carlos Arias Navarro (1908–1989)	31 December 1973	20 November 1975	913	Falange (FET–JONS)	14. Arias I 15. Arias II
			20 November 1975	1 July 1976			Restoration Governments: 1. Arias III		King Juan Carlos I (1975–2014)
			Appointed to the office as a result of the assassination of Luis Carrero Blanco, Contrary to political liberalization. Garroting of Catalan anarchist Salvador Puig Antich. Green March (1975). Instructed by King Juan Carlos I to enact reforms for the regime's opening towards democracy after Franco's death in 1975. Contrary to any change, resigned as a result of a power struggle with the King over political reform.
		Fernando de Santiago y Díaz (1910–1994)	1 July 1976	3 July 1976	2	Military
			Interim Prime Minister for a few days after the resignation of Carlos Arias Navarro.

Kingdom of Spain (Second restoration, 1975–present)

Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Government)

Parties

      FET–JONS       UCD       PSOE       PP

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Political Party	Government		Legislature	Monarch (Reign)
			Took office	Left office	Days
		Adolfo Suárez (1932–2014)	3 July 1976	13 July 1977	1698	Falange (FET–JONS)	Suárez I	FET–JONS	Cortes Esp.: 10 (1971)	King Juan Carlos I (1975–2014)
			13 July 1977	30 March 1979		Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)	Suárez II	UCD	Cortes Gen.: Const. (1977)
			30 March 1979	25 February 1981			Suárez III	UCD	I (1979)
			Appointed in 1976 by King Juan Carlos I after Arias Navarro's resignation. Led Spain through the country's transition to democracy. 1976 political reform referendum. 1977 Massacre of Atocha. Legalization of the PCE. In 1977 became the first democratically-elected PM in 40 years. 1978 Moncloa Pact. 1978 constitutional referendum; Spanish Constitution of 1978 adopted. Early 1980s recession. 1980 censure motion. Resigned due to loss of party support.
		Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo (1926–2008)	25 February 1981	2 December 1982	645	Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)	Calvo-Sotelo	UCD
			Succeeded Suárez mid-term. 1981 failed coup d'état (23-F) during investiture. Legalization of divorce in 1981. Spain entry into NATO (1981). Change of national flag. Disintegration of UCD. 1982 coup d'état attempt.
		Felipe González (1942–)	2 December 1982	24 July 1986	4902	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	González I	PSOE	II (1982)
			24 July 1986	5 December 1989			González II	PSOE	III (1986)
			5 December 1989	9 July 1993			González III	PSOE	IV (1989)
			9 July 1993	4 May 1996			González IV	PSOE	V (1993)
			Four consecutive terms and three consecutive absolute majorities. Longest-serving democratically-elected Spanish PM. Legalization of abortion in 1985. 1985 El Descanso bombing. Reorganization of education system. Establishment of welfare state. Spanish NATO membership referendum, 1986. Spain EU membership. 1987 Hipercor bombing. 1988 Spanish general strike. Legalization of private TV channels. Signing of the 1992 Maastricht Treaty. 1992 Barcelona Olympics and Seville Expo '92. 1993 economic crisis. 1995 Toledo Pact. Mid–1990s PSOE corruption scandals (Filesa, Luis Roldán, GAL).
		José María Aznar (1953–)	4 May 1996	26 April 2000	2904	People's Party (PP)	Aznar I	PP	VI (1996)
			26 April 2000	16 April 2004			Aznar II	PP	VII (2000)
			Two consecutive terms. 1997 economic boom. Privatization of public enterprises. Spain adoption of the euro. 1998 Land Law. ETA's 1998–99 ceasefire declaration. Abolition of the compulsory military service in 2001. National Hydrological Plan proposal. 2002 Political Parties Law and subsequent banning of Batasuna. Attempt of unemployment benefits' reform resulting in the 2002 general strike. 2002 Perejil Island crisis. 2002 Prestige oil spill. Intervention in the 2003 Iraq War and anti-war protests. Yak-42 air flight accident. 2004 Madrid train bombings (11-M).
		José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero (1960–)	16 April 2004	11 April 2008	2804	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	Zapatero I	PSOE	VIII (2004)
			11 April 2008	20 December 2011			Zapatero II	PSOE	IX (2008)
			Two consecutive terms. Spanish withdrawal from Iraq. Legalization of same-sex marriage in 2005. 2005 European Constitution referendum. ETA's 2006 ceasefire declaration. 2006 Catalonia Statute of Autonomy. 2006 Madrid–Barajas Airport bombing. Signing of the 2007 Lisbon Treaty. Approval of less restrictive abortion law in 2010. 2008–11 Spanish financial crisis. Birth of 15-M Movement. PSOE swept away from nearly all its historical strongholds in the 2011 municipal and regional elections. ETA's 2011 permanent ceasefire declaration.
		Mariano Rajoy (1955–)	20 December 2011	Incumbent	1511	People's Party (PP)	Rajoy	PP	X (2011)
										King Felipe VI (2014–)
			2011–15 Spanish financial crisis. Two general strikes in 2012. 2012–15 Catalan independence crisis. 2013 Bárcenas affair. Mid–2010s PP corruption scandals (Gürtel, Púnica). Abdication of King Juan Carlos I in 2014. 2011–15 PP-PSOE credibility crisis. Anti-bipartisanship surge in the 2015 municipal elections; PP and PSOE swept away from power in Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Zaragoza and other urban centers.

Living former Prime Ministers

There are three living former Spanish Prime Ministers:

• 

  Felipe González
  (born 1942) served 1982–1996

• 

  José María Aznar
  (born 1953) served 1996–2004

• 

  José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero OIC
  (born 1960) served 2004–2011

The most recent former prime minister to die was Adolfo Suárez on 23 March 2014, aged 81.

See also

• Prime Minister of Spain
• List of Spanish monarchs
• List of heads of state of Spain
• President of the Republic (Spain)
• List of Spanish regents