Liber Usualis

Incipit of the standard Gregorian chant setting of the Asperges, from the Liber Usualis.

The Liber Usualis is a book of commonly used Gregorian chants in the Catholic tradition, compiled by the monks of the Abbey of Solesmes in France.

This 1,900-page book contains most versions of the ordinary chants for the Mass (Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei), as well as the common chants for the Divine Office (daily prayers of the Church) and for every commonly celebrated feast of the Church Year (including more than two hundred pages for Holy Week alone). The "usual book" or "common book" also contains chants for specific rituals, such as baptisms, weddings, funerals, ordinations, and benediction. This modal, monophonic Latin music has been sung in the Catholic Church since at least the sixth century and through the present day.

An extensive introduction explains how to read and interpret the medieval musical notation (square notation of neums or neumes). A complete index makes it easy to find specific pieces.

The Liber was first edited in 1896 by Solesmes abbot Dom André Mocquereau (1849–1930). Its use has decreased since the Second Vatican Ecumenical Council (opened by Pope John XXIII in 1962), in the constitution on the liturgy (Sacrosanctum Concilium), allowed the local language to be used in Church rites, even though the same council mandated that Gregorian Chant should retain "pride of place" in the liturgy (Sacrosanctum Concilium, 116). Gregorian chants are still sung in most monasteries and some churches, and in performances by groups dedicated to its preservation. In recent years, due to a resurgence of interest in Gregorian chant and the Tridentine Mass, some editions of the Liber Usualis have been reprinted or scanned and made available for download.

Bibliography and external links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Liber Usualis.

Solesmes Abbey
Liber Usualis (1924, Modern notation with a five line staff, publisher number 780c) in PDF format
Liber Usualis (1961, Solesmes notation with a four line staff) in PDF format (115 MB)
Bergeron, Katherine. Decadent enchantments: the revival of Gregorian chant at Solesmes. Berkeley: University of California Press, c1998. ISBN 0-520-21008-5.
Nova Organi Harmonia (a nearly complete organ accompaniment to the Liber Usualis)

Tridentine Mass, including the 1962 extraordinary form of the Roman Rite

Types	Chapter and Conventual Dialogue Mass Low (Missa Cantata) and High Mass (Solemn) Missa Sicca Pontifical Papal Ritual Masses Coronation (Papal) Missa pro Defunctis Nuptial sine populo Votive Red

Order of Mass	Pre-Mass Vesting prayers Asperges me Vidi aquam in Eastertide Processional hymn Mass of the Catechumens Iudica me Confiteor mea culpa Introit Kyrie Gloria in excelsis Deo Collect Lection Gradual Alleluia or Tract Sequentia Gospel Homily Mass of the Faithful Credo Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed Offertory Lavabo Orate fratres Secret Preface Sursum corda Sanctus Hosanna Roman Canon oblation epiclesis Words of Institution anamnesis elevation doxology Pater Noster embolism doxology Pax Agnus Dei Dona nobis pacem Fraction Holy Communion Communion antiphon Ablutions Postcommunio Dismissal Ite, missa est or Benedicamus Domino Last Gospel Post-Mass Leonine prayers Recessional hymn For funeral Mass Dies Irae Pie Iesu Libera Me Requiescant in pace Absolution of the dead In paradisum De profundis

Participants	Acolyte altar server Bishop Boat boy Cantor or schola Crucifer Deacon Laity Lector Master of ceremonies Porter Priest Subdeacon

Parts of the Sanctuary / Altar	Altar cards Altar crucifix Altar rails Ambo Antependium Credence table Kneeler Lavabo Misericord Piscina Sacristy Tabernacle

Altar cloths	Altar linens Antependium Burse Chalice veil Corporal Lavabo towel Pall Purificator

Candles and lamps	Altar candle Altar candlestick Paschal candle Sanctuary lamp Triple candlestick

Liturgical objects	Altar bell Aspergillum Chalice Ciborium Collection basket Cruet Flabellum Funghellino Holy water Incense use Manuterge Paten Processional cross Pyx Sacramental bread wafer Sacramental wine (or must) Thurible Water

Liturgical books	Cæremoniale Episcoporum Missale Romanum Pontificale Romanum Rituale Romanum

Vestments (pontifical / Papal)	Alb Amice Chasuble Cincture Cope Crosier Dalmatic Episcopal gloves Ecclesiastical ring Episcopal sandals Falda Humeral veil Liturgical colours Mitre Pallium Papal fanon Papal tiara Pectoral cross Stole Sub-cinctorium Superhumerale Surplice Tunicle Vimpa

Music	Antiphon Graduale Romanum Gregorian chant Hymn Kyriale Romanum Liber Usualis Music for the Requiem Mass Organ voluntary Organum Polyphony Reciting tone Accentus Recto tono Tonary Gregorian Antiphonary

Liturgical year Tridentine Calendar (1954 / 1955 / 1960)	Advent Christmastide Epiphanytide Septuagesima Lent Passiontide Holy Week Paschal Triduum Eastertide Ascensiontide After Pentecost Calendar of saints Holy day of obligation Moveable feast Octaves Ranking of liturgical days: Solemnity Memorial Commemoration Feria

Eucharistic discipline	Church etiquette Closed communion Communion and the developmentally disabled Communion under both kinds Denial of Communion Canon 915 Eucharistic fast First Communion Genuflection Headcover Host desecration Infant communion Reserved sacrament Sign of the Cross Thanksgiving after Communion Viaticum

Eucharistic theology	Blessed Sacrament Body and Blood of Christ Corpus Christi (feast) Crucifixion of Jesus and substitutionary atonement Epiousios Eucharistic miracle Grace ex opere operato In persona Christi Historical roots of Catholic Eucharistic theology Koinonia Last Supper Origin of the Eucharist Priesthood of Melchizedek Pro multis Real presence Transubstantiation

Concepts, regulations, and phrases	Ad orientem Canon law Code of Rubrics Concelebration Dominus vobiscum Ecclesiastical Latin Good Friday prayer for the Jews Intercession of saints Ordinary & propers (common) Oremus Sunday Lord's Day Text and rubrics of the Roman Canon Vulgate (Sixto-Clementine) Latin Psalters

Related	Agape feast Alternatim Anaphora Anima Christi Aspersion Catholic liturgy Coetus Internationalis Patrum Communities using the Tridentine Mass Indult Catholic traditionalist Catholic Congregation for Divine Worship Council of Trent Deutsche Singmesse Divine Office Canonical hours Choir dress Roman Breviary Eucharistic adoration & benediction Holy Hour Forty Hours' Devotion Fasting and abstinence in the Roman Catholic Church Fourth Council of the Lateran French Organ Mass Gospel Book History of the Roman Canon Latin liturgical rites Latin Mass Lex orandi, lex credendi Litany Liturgical Movement Liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII Mass of Paul VI Missal Plenary indulgence Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei Pope Pius V Preces Pre-Tridentine Mass Quattuor abhinc annos Quo primum Roman Catholic theology Sacramentary Sacraments of the Catholic Church Spoon (liturgy) Summorum Pontificum Tra le sollecitudini Western Rite Orthodoxy

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