Let L-410 Turbolet

L-410 Turbolet
Let L-410MU at Kubinka
Role Airliner, transport aircraft
Manufacturer Let Kunovice
First flight 16 April 1969
Introduction 1970
Status In service
Primary user Aeroflot (Former)
Produced 1971–present
Number built 1,138[1][2]
Developed into L-410NG

The Let L-410 Turbolet is a twin-engine short-range transport aircraft, manufactured by the Czech aircraft manufacturer LET, mostly used for passenger transport. Since 1969, more than 1,100 airframes have been produced.

Development

Development of the L-410 was started in the 1960s by the Czechoslovak aircraft manufacturer Let Kunovice. The Soviet airline Aeroflot was looking for a turbine-powered replacement for the Antonov An-2 aircraft, initiating the design development by Let. After preliminary studies of an aircraft called the L-400, a new version was introduced called the L-410 Turbolet. The first prototype, designated XL-410, flew on April 16, 1969. Because of delays in the development of a suitable Czech engine (Walter M601), the prototype and first production version were powered by Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-27 engines.

After M601 development was completed, the PT6 engine was replaced by M601 engines coupled with Avia V508 three-blade propellers and the next variant was introduced, the L-410M.

A further version for Aeroflot was the L-410 UVP. This has improved performance in take-off and landing due to increased wing and tail area - STOL. However, due to an increased empty weight and a shift in the center of gravity, the aircraft had a decreased seating capacity: 15 passengers.

The L-410UVP-E (the most common variant of the L-410) has increased maximum take-off weight to 6400 kg, M601E engines with increased power, new five-blade propellers designated V 510 and the provision for wing tip tanks to increase fuel quantity. First flight was made in 1984, and production started in 1986.

The L-410UVP-E9 and UVP-E20 are versions which vary from each other only by minor changes arising from various certification regulations. The last L-410 family member is the L-420 which uses the new Walter engine variant, the M601F. Currently produced L 410 UVP-E20's are powered by next derivative of M601 engine designated as GE H80-200 and new Avia Propeller AV-725 five blade propellers.

The L-410 UVP-E is an unpressurized all-metal high-wing commuter aircraft, with Avia V 510 five-blade propellers. It is equipped with a retractable undercarriage. The aircraft uses two hydraulic circuits: main and emergency. The main electrical system operates with 28V DC. The de-icing system is leading edge pneumatic deicers and electrical heating of propellers, cockpit windshields and pitot-static system heads. Maximum take-off weight of the L-410 UVP-E is 6400 kg with the possibility of an increase to 6600 kg for the E9 and E20 variants, seating capacity 17 to 19. Cruise speed is 170 KIAS, maximum range about 770 nautical miles (1,430 km). The airplane is certified for IFR operation, CAT I ILS approach, and flights in icing conditions.

Of the more than 1,100 units built, roughly 500 remain in service. The majority were delivered to the former Soviet Union, but have been resold, particularly to airlines in Asia, Africa and South America. Forty aircraft are in use throughout Europe for commercial operation or skydiving. There are also an unknown number in Russia and ex-Soviet states. The aircraft can be used with short or even unpaved runways.

On 3 September 2013 the Russian company UGMK (Iskander Machmudov) became the wholesale owner of LET Kunovice Aircraft Industries. They announced that they would move production of the L-410 to Russia within the year.[3] On 7 July 2015 UGMK represented first L-410NG aircraft manufactured in Russia.[4]

Variants

Let L410UVP-E16 at an air show in Góraszka, Poland
Let L-410UVP-E of the Slovenian Armed Forces
Let L-410UVP-E of SEAir.
Let L-420 demonstrator at Perth Airport (2000).
L-410
Prototype, three units built.
L-410A
First series with Pratt & Whitney PT6A-27 turbo-prop engines.
L-410AB
Version with four-bladed propellers.
L-410AF
Aerial photo version supplied to Hungary.
L-410AG
With modified equipment.Never built.
L-410AS
Test aircraft, supplied to the USSR. Five airplanes built
L-410M
Second series with Walter M601A engines.
L-410AM
Version with improved M601Bs, also known as L-410MA or L-410MU.
L-410UVP
Third series, fundamentally modified. Main changes are a trunk, an extended wingspan by 0.80 m, M601Bs, a higher horizontal stabilizer. The UVP variants possesses STOL characteristics (UVP=Russian for "short take-off and landing).
L-410UVP-S
Salon variant of the UVP with upward hinged entrance hatch.
L-410UVP-E
Re-equipped with M601Es, five-bladed propellers, additional fuel tanks at the wing ends. The L 410 UVP-E20 variant is type certified on the basis of FAR 23 regulation (Amendment 34) and have received the Type Certificates in the Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Sweden, Indonesia, the Philippines, Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Russian Federation, Cuba and Chile. After establishing the new European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) the aircraft also received full EASA Type Certificate valid for all EU (EASA) countries.[5]

The aircraft has also been approved for operation in a number of other countries, such as Algeria, Republic of South Africa, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Tunisia, Colombia, Venezuela, South Korea, India, plus others.

L-410FG
Photogrammetry version based on L-410UVP
L-410T
Transport variant of the UVP with larger loading hatch (1.25 m × 1.46 m), can transport 6 stretchers as a medical airplane + a medic, or 12 parachutists. It can also carry 1,000 kg of cargo containers.
L-420
upgraded L-410UVP-E - new M601Fs The Let-420 is the US FAA certified variant of the L 410 UVP-E20 model, has been certified on the basis of FAR 23 regulation (Amendment 41) and have received the Type Certificates in the Czech Republic, USA, Australia and Indonesia and also full EASA Type Certificate.[5]
L-410NG
It will be the new version of the L-410, featuring new GE H85 engines, a longer nose and a larger rear area to contain more luggage, new wings and a new glass cockpit. The fuselage will be the same of the classic L-410 but it will be made of newer materials. Following the roll out of the prototype it made its maiden flight on 29 July 2015. Type certification is expected in 2016 with production planned to start in 2017.[6]

Operators

Civilian

As of August 2006, 313 L-410 aircraft remained in airline service. Major operators included: Air-Tec Africa (17), Rivne Universal Avia (13), Atlantic Airlines de Honduras (10), SEARCA (9), Orenburzhie (7), Heli Air Services (7), South East Asian Airlines (6), NHT Linhas Aéreas (6), KrasAvia (5), Kin-Avia (5), Komiavaiatrans (4), Aerolineas Sosa (4), Citywing (3), CM Airlines (3), Green Air (P) Ltd Nepal (1), Tortug' Air (3), Mombasa Air Safari (3), ABC Air Hungary (3), Khabarovsk Airlines (3), Kazan Air Enterprise (2), TEAM Linhas Aéreas (2), PANH (2), Transportes Aéreos Guatemaltecos (2), Benair (2) and UTair (2). Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air Enterprise Around 111 other airlines operate smaller numbers of the type.[7]

Current civilian operators

 Bosnia and Herzegovina
 Brazil
 Bulgaria
 Colombia
 Comoros
 Costa Rica
 Czech Republic
 Haiti
 Honduras
 Hungary
 India
 Kenya
   Nepal
 Philippines
 Russia
 Tanzania
 Ukraine
 United Kingdom

Former civilian operators

 Brazil
 Czech Republic
 Czechoslovakia
 Croatia
 Honduras
 Hungary
 Slovenia
 Slovakia
 India
 Soviet Union
 France
 Venezuela

Current military operators

 Bangladesh
 Bulgaria
 Czech Republic
 Cape Verde
 Djibouti
 Honduras
 Lithuania
 Russia
 Slovakia
 Slovenia
 Tunisia

Former military operators

 Colombia
 Comoros
 Czechoslovakia
 Estonia
 East Germany
 Germany
 Hungary
 Indonesia
 Latvia
 Libya
 Peru
 Soviet Union

Notable accidents

Specifications (L-410UVP-E)

Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1993–94[41]

General characteristics

Performance

See also

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

References

  1. flugzeuginfo.net: LET L-410 Turbolet Specification Retrieved on 20 January 2009
  2. LET Aircraft Industries: History Retrieved on 20 January 2009
  3. http://www.newsru.com/finance/25jul2013/rul410plane.html
  4. http://vz.ru/news/2015/7/7/754936.html
  5. 1 2 (c) 2014 Straight-Out.cz. "Aircraft Industries - L 410 UVP-E20 - Úvod". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  6. "Let L-410NG". Airliner World: 19. October 2015.
  7. Flight International, Central American Airlines, Honduras, 3–9 October 2006
  8. http://www.silverair.cz/index.php?lng=en#
  9. "Citywing Fleet List". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  10. http://www.voenoar.com.br/site/
  11. http://www.aviacaobrasil.com.br/wp/team_linhas_aereas_brasil/
  12. "BAF to get modern planes, helicopters, says PM". Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  13. 1 2 Hoyle Flight International 9–15 December 2014, p. 38.
  14. Hoyle Flight International 9–15 December 2014, p. 44.
  15. Hoyle Flight International 9–15 December 2014, p. 48.
  16. 1 2 Hoyle Flight International 9–15 December 2014, p. 49.
  17. Hoyle Flight International 9–15 December 2014, p. 52.
  18. "Vztorony.hu". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  19. "http://aviation-safety.net/". External link in |title= (help)
  20. UW Family Tragedy in Mexico
  21. Harro Ranter (1 March 2003). "ASN Aircraft accident Let L-410UVP FLARF-01032 Borki". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  22. aviation-safety.net: Accident description
  23. .
  24. "Crash of a Let 410 in Bergamo: 3 killed". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  25. "Repubblica.it » cronaca » Bergamo, aereo cargo precipita morti i tre membri dell'equipaggio". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  26. "Accident description PT-FSE". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 4 August 2011.
  27. Harro Ranter (24 September 2007). "ASN Aircraft accident Let L-410UVP 9Q-CVL Malemba Nkulu". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  28. Aeronave con 15 militares y 3 tripulantes a bordo se accidentó, confirmó el Ejército - Archivo - Archivo digital eltiempo.com
  29. Harro Ranter (8 October 2007). "ASN Aircraft accident Let L-410UVP-E10A HK-4055 Cubarral". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  30. "Aircraft crashes after crocodile on board escapes and sparks panic". telegraph.co.uk. 21 October 2010.
  31. Reed Business Information Limited. "L-410 crashes in Honduras". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  32. Hradecky, Simon. "Crash: African Air Services L410 near Kavumu on Feb 14th 2011, impacted mountain". The Aviation Herald. Retrieved 2 April 2011.
  33. "Accident Description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 2 April 2011.
  34. "Accident description PR-NOB". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
  35. "Noar emite comunicado sobre acidente em Recife" (in Portuguese). Panrotas. 13 July 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
  36. "Storm hits Ukraine parachute jump, five killed". Kyiv Post. 11 June 2012.
  37. 22 August 2012. "Accident: Mombasa Air Safari L410 at Ngerenge". Retrieved 29 July 2013.
  38. Simon Hradecky (24 August 2014). "Crash: Doren L410 over Congo on Aug 23rd 2014, aircraft found crashed and burned out". Aviation Herald. Retrieved 26 August 2014.
  39. http://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/wiki.php?id=163569
  40. Adam Withnall (20 August 2015). "Slovakia plane crash: Parachutists survive fatal mid-air collision by jumping from aircraft". The Independent. Retrieved 20 August 2015.
  41. Lambert 1993, pp. 66–67.
  42. excludes tip tanks - 19.98 m (65 ft 6½in) with tanks

External links

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