Lenox Avenue

Route map: Bing / Google

Lenox Avenue – also named Malcolm X Boulevard; both names are officially recognized – is the primary north–south route through Harlem in the upper portion of the New York City borough of Manhattan. This two-way street runs from Farmers' Gate at Central Park North (110th Street) to 147th Street. Its traffic is figuratively described as "Harlem's heartbeat" by Langston Hughes in his poem Juke Box Love Song.^[2] The IRT Lenox Avenue Line runs under the entire length of the street, serving the New York City Subway's 2 3 trains.

From 119th Street to 123rd Street, Lenox Avenue is part of the Mount Morris Park Historic District, designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 1971.^[3]

History

Originally a part of Sixth Avenue, it was renamed in late 1887^[4] for philanthropist James Lenox. In 1987, it was co-named Malcolm X Boulevard, in honor of the slain civil rights leader.^[5][6]

Co-signing of Lenox Avenue and Malcolm X Boulevard

The avenue was the heart of Harlem during the Harlem Renaissance in the 1930s. The street brought together African Americans, Latinos, British West Indians, and Spaniards who developed relationships over common interests such as jazz and food.^[7] In 1932, Harlem was so firmly established as the world capital of jazz and African-American culture in general that "black cinema" films like Harlem Is Heaven were playing on the nation's big screens. Jazz flourished and grew like it could have in no other time and place. "You might have had 15 great clubs on one block, all going at once," said the trombonist and bandleader Wycliffe Gordon. "Imagine going into a joint to check out Willie 'The Lion' Smith, and sitting next to you are Duke Ellington and James P. Johnson." Lenox Avenue is thought by some to be one of the most important streets in the world for African American culture.^[8]

The Savoy Ballroom was located between 140th and 141st Streets on Lenox Avenue.^[9] Other historical venues of Lenox Avenue are Sylvia's Restaurant, located between 126th and 127th; and the Lenox Lounge, located between 124th and 125th.

In popular culture

• In "The Fire Next Time", two essays written by civil rights leader James Baldwin (previously published in The New Yorker), Lenox Avenue is simply referred to as "The Avenue".
• "Lenox Avenue: Midnight", a well-known poem by Langston Hughes, is set on Lenox Avenue, as is his "The Weary Blues", and it is mentioned in his "Juke Box Love Song".
• The avenue is featured in the first verse of the original Irving Berlin lyrics of "Puttin' on the Ritz". The song refers to the then-popular fad of flashily-dressed but poor black Harlemites parading up and down Lenox Avenue, "Spending ev'ry dime / For a wonderful time".
• In the title track of his debut record Lifestylez Ov Da Poor & Dangerous, Big L raps about 139th Street and Lenox Avenue.
• In Cam'ron's song "Welcome to New York City" he mentions that he's from 101, W. 140th, apartment #56, school district 5.
• There is a web series on YouTube called Lenox Avenue starring Al Thompson, who also created and produced the series.
• The Owens Funeral Home on Lenox Avenue was the subject of the 2013 documentary film Homegoings.

Gallery

• 

  Mosque No. 7 at 116th Street

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  The Ebenezer Gospel Tabernacle at 121st Street, formerly the Lenox Avenue Unitarian Church (1889)^[1]

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  Ephesus Seventh-Day Adventist Church at 123rd Street, formerly the Second Collegiate Church of Harlem (1887)^[2]

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  Harlem Hospital at 135th Street

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  The Savoy West at 138th Street

1. ^ Dunlap, David W. (2004) From Abyssinian to Zion. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-12543-7, p.59
2. ^ Dunlap, David W. (2004) From Abyssinian to Zion. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-12543-7, p.64

References

Notes

External links

• Media related to Lenox Avenue at Wikimedia Commons

Malcolm X Family Betty Shabazz Qubilah Shabazz Ilyasah Shabazz Malcolm Shabazz Organizations Nation of Islam Muslim Mosque, Inc. Organization of Afro-American Unity Places Malcolm X House Site Mosque No. 7 Audubon Ballroom Malcolm X and Dr. Betty Shabazz Memorial and Educational Center Lenox Avenue/Malcolm X Boulevard Malcolm X Shabazz High School Malcolm Shabazz City High School Malcolm X College Media Authored Message to the Grass Roots (1963) The Ballot or the Bullet (1964) The Diary of Malcolm X (1964) The Autobiography of Malcolm X (1965) About The Hate That Hate Produced X, The Life and Times of Malcolm X 1972 documentary Death of a Prophet 1992 film soundtrack Malcolm X: Make It Plain Seven Songs for Malcolm X Growing Up X Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention A Lie of Reinvention: Correcting Manning Marable's Malcolm X An Eye on X The Meeting Malcolm's Echo Related Elijah Muhammad Rowena Moore Hayer affidavits Malcolm X Day