La Bastide-l'Évêque

La Bastide-l'Évêque

The Fountain in the main Square

Coat of arms
La Bastide-l'Évêque

Coordinates: 44°20′29″N 2°08′07″E / 44.3414°N 2.1353°E / 44.3414; 2.1353Coordinates: 44°20′29″N 2°08′07″E / 44.3414°N 2.1353°E / 44.3414; 2.1353
Country France
Region Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées
Department Aveyron
Arrondissement Villefranche-de-Rouergue
Canton Rieupeyroux
Intercommunality Bas Ségala
Government
 • Mayor (2008–2020) Jean-Eudes Le Meignon
Area1 44.16 km2 (17.05 sq mi)
Population (2010)2 820
 • Density 19/km2 (48/sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code 12021 / 12200
Elevation 280–713 m (919–2,339 ft)
(avg. 470 m or 1,540 ft)

1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

La Bastide-l'Évêque is a French commune in the Aveyron department in the Midi-Pyrénées region of southern France.[1]

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Episcopois or Episcopoises.[2]

Geography

La Bastide-l'Évêque is located some 5 km east of Villefranche-de-Rouergue and 20 km south by south-west of Decazeville. Access to the commune is by the D911 which comes from Villefranche-de-Rouergue passing along the south-western border of the commune and crossing the narrow neck in the south as it goes east to Rieupeyroux. Access to the village is by the D69 which branches from the D911 on the western commune border and passes through the village continuing east to rejoin the D911 on the eastern border. The D269 goes north from the village then turns west following the northern border and continuing to Villefranche-de-Rouergue. The D905A branches from the D911 in the south of the commune and goes south-east to La Salvetat-Peyralès. Apart from the village the commune has a large number of hamlets:[3][4]

  • Les Aliberts
  • Baraque de L'Ortal
  • La Baume
  • La Bessiêre
  • La Bouriette
  • Les Cabanelles
  • Cabanes
  • Les Cabayrols
  • Cadour
  • Le Cammas
  • Capredonde
  • Les Cayroux Blancs
  • Cazèles
  • Combe Nègre
  • Les Compans
  • Cruorgues
  • Fournies
  • Le Fraysse
  • Galdou
  • Gaudiês
  • Les Gazanes
  • Ginestous
  • Lascals
  • Laval
  • Lonnac
  • Maloyre
  • Mas de la Borie
  • Le Mazuc de Vézis
  • Montbressous
  • Mousset-Bas
  • Moussousse
  • L'Ortal
  • La Pâle
  • Pont du Cayla
  • Pouzoulet
  • Puech Loup
  • La Rangousie
  • Réquista
  • Le Rieu
  • Roumégous
  • Le Serayol
  • Le Serre
  • Teulières
  • La Vaysse
  • Vézes
  • Le Vialardel

The commune is mostly farmland interspersed with a few forests.

The Aveyron river forms most of the northern border as it flows west to eventually join the Tarn at Meauzac. The Lézert flows north through the commune to join the Aveyron on the northern border. The Verlanson also flows north joining the Lézert south of the village. The Ruisseau de Pouzoulet rises near Les Gazanes and also flows north to join the Aveyron. The Ruisseau de Caral rises in the east of the commune and flows north to join the Aveyron.[3][4]

Mapping

A list of online mapping systems can be displayed by clicking on the coordinates (latitude and longitude) in the top right hand corner of this article.

Neighbouring communes and villages

 Maleville Brandonnet Compolibat
Villefranche-de-Rouergue Colombiès
   La Bastide-l'Évêque  
Morlhon-le-Haut Vabre-Tizac Rieupeyroux

[3]

Toponymy

La Bastide-l'Évêque appears as la Baftide l'Evesque on the 1750 Cassini Map[5] and does not appear at all on the 1790 version although the hamlet of Cadour does.[6]

History

Founded in 1280 by Bishop Raymond de Calmont, La Bastide l'Évêque is one of the five Bastides in western Rouergue with Najac, Sauveterre-de-Rouergue, Villeneuve d'Aveyron, and Villefranche-de-Rouergue. This was the foundation of the Diocese of Rodez on the remains of Morlhon and Faidits to counter the county bastide of Villafranca (Villefranche-de-Rouergue) to limit its population, influence, and development. The bishop granted a charter in 1280 but politically it was a failure and remained a fortified village.

In the 14th century mining was very important with 13 mills called "martinets" operating in the Lézert Valley. They were used to smelt copper and make cauldrons. This activity continued until the end of the 19th century then died for lack of profitability.

Heraldry

 Blazon:

Azure, a crozier regardant of Or accompanied in chief of the number s 12 to dexter and 80 to sinister the same, debruised by a lion Argent over the stock of the crozier.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors[7]

Mayors from 1930
From To Name Party Position
1930 1945 Théophile Rouzies
1945 1947 Valentin Laval
1947 1962 Firmin Alet
1962 1977 Gaston Lacassagne
1977 2008 André Darres
2008 2020 Jean Eudes le Meignen

(Not all data is known)

Demography

In 2010 the commune had 820 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known from the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger communes that have a sample survey every year.[Note 1]

Population Change (See database)
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851
260 368 2,316 2,618 2,899 2,995 2,931 3,433 3,433
1856 1861 1866 1872 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896
3,314 3,355 2,507 2,559 2,531 2,560 2,559 2,380 2,287
1901 1906 1911 1921 1926 1931 1936 1946 1954
2,362 2,074 2,062 1,596 1,593 1,546 1,518 1,408 1,318
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2010 -
1,223 1,132 964 982 921 882 834 820 -

Sources : Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 (population without double counting and municipal population from 2006)

Economy

The commune is mostly rural with many farms whose business ranges from cattle breeding but mostly sheep. Many tradesmen reside or work in the commune. Some people have chosen to settle in the commune but their occupation is in neighbouring towns like Villefranche-de-Rouergue or Rieupeyroux.

Culture and heritage

The Martinet de la Ramonde
The Church of Saint John the Baptist
The gate tower on the church

Civil heritage

The Chateau de Réquista Picture Gallery

Religious heritage

Notable people linked to the commune

Bibliography

See also

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ↑ At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by Law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002, the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" allows, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For communes with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually and the entire territory of these communes is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References

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