Kokshetau

Kokshetau
Көкшетау
City

Seal
Kokshetau

Location in Kazakhstan

Coordinates: 53°17′N 69°23′E / 53.283°N 69.383°E / 53.283; 69.383Coordinates: 53°17′N 69°23′E / 53.283°N 69.383°E / 53.283; 69.383
Country Kazakhstan
Region Akmola
Founded 1824
City status 1862
Government
 • Akim (mayor) Zharkyn Zhumagulov
Area
 • Total 400 km2 (200 sq mi)
Population (2013-07-01)[1]
 • Total 153,057
 • Density 380/km2 (990/sq mi)
Time zone UTC +6 (UTC+6)
Postal code 020000
Area code(s) +7 7162
Vehicle registration C, 03

Kokshetau (Kazakh: Көкшетау / Kökşetaw), formerly known as Kokchetav (Russian: Кокчетав, until 1993) is the administrative center of Akmola Region, northern Kazakhstan. Population: 135,106 (2009 Census results);[2]123,389 (1999 Census results).[2]

Geography

Astana, the new capital of Kazakhstan, is distant 299 km south-eastwards. Kokshetau is well known for its nature and tourist sites, such as Burabay (Borovoe) Resort, among others. Kokshetau was settled on a lake, called Kopa (Russian: Копа).

Climate

Kokshetau has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb) with long, cold winters and warm summers. The average temperature in January is −15.3 °C (4.5 °F). In July the temperature averages 20.2 °C (68.4 °F). Yearly precipitation amounts to 313 mm (12.3 in).

Climate data for Kokshetau
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Daily mean °C (°F) −15.3
(4.5)		 −15.1
(4.8)		 −7.4
(18.7)		 4.0
(39.2)		 12.2
(54)		 18.4
(65.1)		 20.2
(68.4)		 16.8
(62.2)		 11.3
(52.3)		 2.5
(36.5)		 −6.1
(21)		 −11.8
(10.8)		 2.47
(36.46)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 12.8
(0.504)		 11.3
(0.445)		 10.5
(0.413)		 17.9
(0.705)		 32.7
(1.287)		 40.2
(1.583)		 68.5
(2.697)		 43.6
(1.717)		 24.8
(0.976)		 22.8
(0.898)		 15.7
(0.618)		 11.7
(0.461)		 312.5
(12.304)
Average rainy days 3.7 3.4 3.0 4.2 6.5 6.5 8.5 7.3 5.5 6.2 4.3 3.3 62.4
Mean monthly sunshine hours 89.0 127.0 196.0 227.0 277.0 306.0 313.0 250.0 190.0 118.0 88.0 75.0 2,256
Source: NOAA (1961-1990)[3]

History

The town was founded in 1824 as a fortress, named for the Kokshetau hill it was built on; the name is Kazakh for "blue mountain".[4] In 1868 it became an uyezd center. In 1997 Kokshetau region was abolished. After a change in administrative structure of Akmola and North Kazakhstan region Kokshetau has become as a regional center of Akmola region.

During the late 1930s, as a result of the Polish operation of the NKVD - USSR citizens of Polish nationality, related national operations, also against Kazakhstan SSR Germans, since 1939 many residents of the Poland's kresy wschodnie were forcibly settled in this region, and Kokchetav became the center of the Polish diaspora in Kazakhstan.[5] On March 16, 1944, the Kokchetav Oblast was created, with Kokchetav as its administrative center.

Industry

There are urban light industries such as food production. The region produces low grades of wheat and other cultures. There is a gold mining operation north of the city.

Kokshetau is the termination of world's only operational powerline with a voltage greater than 1000 kV, the Powerline Ekibastuz-Kokshetau.

Transport

Kokshetau has one airport with flights to Almaty and Petropavl. The city is connected by railroad with southern Kazakhstan and Russia. Road transport to Astana include buses and shared taxis. The trip to Astana takes approximately 3 hours.

Sister cities

References

  1. ↑ http://www.akmola.stat.kz/oblasti/koksh.htm
  2. 1 2 "Население Республики Казахстан" (in Russian). Департамент социальной и демографической статистики. Retrieved 8 December 2013.
  3. ↑ "Kokshetay Climate Normals 1961-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 10, 2013.
  4. ↑ E.M. Pospelov, Geograficheskie nazvaniya mira (Moscow, 1998), p. 208.
  5. ↑ Kate Brown, A Biography of No Place: From Ethnic Borderland to Soviet Heartland (Harvard University Press, 2004: ISBN 0-674-01168-6), pp. 173-74.

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