Klemm Kl 36

Kl 36
Role	Touring aircraft
Manufacturer	Klemm
First flight	1934
Introduction	1934
Primary user	Germany
Produced	1934
Number built	12(?)

The Klemm Kl 36 was a 1930s German four-seat cabin touring and competition monoplane designed and built by Klemm.

Development

Following the success of the three-seat touring plane Klemm Kl 32 in the European touring plane championship Challenge 1932, the company was ordered by the German Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM) to develop another aircraft to take part in the next Challenge 1934. Due to changes of contest rules, it had to be more modern machine, four-seater with better performance and better STOL capabilities. Designer was Friedrich Fechner. As a result, new aircraft Kl 36 was a streamlined comfortable four-seater with rich wing mechanization, and was the fastest of all Klemms.

4 aircraft were built^[1] of the first series Kl 36A (two powered with Argus As 17A, 225 hp inverted 6-cylinder in-line engine - registrations D-IJIP, D-IDIR, and two with Hirth HM8U, 250 hp inverted V8 engine - D-IHEK, D-IHAV, both engines were air-cooled).

Later, 8 additional aircraft were built^[2] of 0-series, designated Kl 36B. They were powered with different engines, including 160 hp radial engine Siemens-Halske Sh 14 A-1. One was completed with a retractable landing gear (D-IUHU). Because of lack of a weight limit, they were somewhat heavier than Kl 36A.

Operational history

Four Kl 36As took part in the Challenge 1934 touring plane championship in August–September, but none completed a rally over Europe. A winner of two Challenges, Fritz Morzik, had to withdraw due to a fuel pump breakdown, but flew the rally track off the contest. During the technical part, they obtained good results in a minimal speed trial (57.67 km/h), but generally they proved inferior to the Fieseler Fi 97.

During World War II, Klemm Kl 36s served as liaison aircraft in the Luftwaffe.

Technical description

A mixed-construction low-wing cantilever monoplane with a conventional tailunit. A fuselage was made of steel frame, canvas covered. Three-part wing, outer parts of wings and tail surfaces were wooden, plywood covered. Wings were folding rearwards. The pilot and three passengers had an enclosed cabin, well glazed. The plane had a fixed tailskid landing gear, wheels had teardrop covers (removed during the Challenge contest due to weight). Wings were fitted with slats and flaps. Useful load was 490 kg. Engine in front, with two-blade propeller. Fuel tank 230 l.

Specifications

Data from Międzynarodowe turnieje lotnicze 1929–1934^[3]

General characteristics

Crew: 1
Capacity: 3 passengers
Length: 9.2 m (30 ft 2 in)
Wingspan: 12 m (39 ft 4 in)
Height: 2.38 m (7 ft 10 in)
Wing area: 19.5 m² (210 sq ft)
Empty weight: 560 kg (1,235 lb)
Gross weight: 1,050 kg (2,315 lb)
Powerplant: 1 × Argus As 17A 6-cylinder inverted in-line piston engine, 168 kW (225 hp)

Performance

Maximum speed: 250 km/h (155 mph; 135 kn)
Cruising speed: 220 km/h (137 mph; 119 kn)
Service ceiling: 5,900 m (19,357 ft)

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Klemm.

Notes

↑ According to Krzyżan, M. - 5 aircraft, along with a prototype
↑ 8 Kl 36B according to http://www.luftarchiv.de
↑ Krzyżan 1988, pp. 224–225.

Bibliography

Marian Krzyżan: "Międzynarodowe turnieje lotnicze 1929–1934", WKiŁ, Warsaw 1988, ISBN 83-206-0637-3 (Polish language)
Luftarchiv

Aircraft produced by Klemm

L20 Kl 25 Kl 26 Kl 31 Kl 32 Kl 33 Kl 35 Kl 36 Kl 105 Kl 106 Kl 107 Kl 151 Kl 152 Alpha

Reich Air Ministry aircraft designations

1 to 100	B 9 Gö 9 Do 10 Do 11 Wn 11 Do 12 Do 13 Do 14 Do 15 Wn 15 Do 16 Wn 16 Do 17 Do 18 Do 19 Do 20 Do 22 Do 23 Do 24 Kl 25 Do 26 Kl 26 M 27 Do 29 Kl 31 Kl 32 W 33 L 33 W 34 Kl 35 Kl 36 HD 37 HD 38 G 38 DFS 39 BV 40 DFS 40 A 40 Fw 42 He 42 Fw 43 HD 43 Fw 44 He 45 He 46 Ju 46 Fw 47 Ju 47 K 47 A 48 He 49 Ju 49 He 50 A 50 He 51 K 51 Ju 52 K 53 NR 54 Fw 55 NR 55 Fw 56 Fw 57 Fw 58 He 58 He 59 He 60 Ju 60 Fw 61 He 61 Fw 62 He 62 He 63 Ar 64 He 64 Ar 65 He 65 Ar 66 He 66 Ar 67 Ar 68 Ar 69 He 70 He 71 He 72 He 74 Ar 76 Ar 77 Ar 79 Ar 80 Ar 81 Ju 85 Ju 86 Ju 87 Ju 88 Ju 89 Ju 90 Ar 95 Ar 96 Fi 97 Fi 98 Fi 99 He 100

101 to 200	Al 101 Al 102 Al 103 Fi 103 Fh 104 Kl 105 Kl 106 Kl 107 Bf 108 Bf 109 Bf 110 He 111 He 112 He 113 He 114 He 115 He 116 Hs 117 He 118 He 119 He 120 Hs 121 Hs 122 Hs 123 Hs 124 Hs 125 Hs 126 Hs 127 Hs 128 Hs 129 Hs 130 Bü 131 Hs 132 Bü 133 Bü 134 Ha 135 Ha 136 Hü 136 Ha 137 BV 138 Ha 139 Ha 140 BV 141 BV 142 BV 143 BV 144 Go 145 Go 146 Go 147 Ju 147 Go 149 Go 150 Kl 151 Ta 152 Kl 152 Ta 153 Ta 154 BV 155 Fi 156 Fi 157 Fi 158 Fw 159 Ju 160 Bf 161 He 162 Bf 162 Bf 163 Me 163 Me 164 Fi 166 FK 166 Fi 167 Fi 168 He 170 He 172 He 176 He 177 He 178 Bü 180 Bü 181 Bü 182 Ta 183 Fl 184 Fl 185 Fw 186 Ju 186 Fw 187 Ju 187 Ju 188 Fw 189 Fw 190 Fw 191 Ao 192 DFS 193 DFS 194 Ar 195 Ar 196 Ar 197 Ar 198 Ar 199 Fw 200

201 to 300	Si 201 Si 202 DFS 203 Si 204 Fw 206 Me 208 Me 209 Me 209 (1943) Me 210 Hü 211 Do 212 Do 214 Do 215 Do 216 Do 217 Hs 217 He 219 He 220 BV 222 Fa 223 Fa 224 Ao 225 Fa 225 BV 226 Ho 226 FGP 227 DFS 228 Ho 229 DFS 230 Ar 231 Ar 232 Ar 233 Ar 234 Do 235 BV 237 BV 238 Fw 238 Ar 239 Ar 240 Go 241 Go 242 Go 244 BV 246 Ju 248 BV 250 Fw 250 Ho 250 Ho 251 Ho 252 Ju 252 Fi 253 Ho 253 Ta 254 Ho 254 Fi 256 Sk 257 Fw 261 Me 261 Me 262 Me 263 Me 264 Fl 265 Me 265 Fa 266 Ho 267 Ju 268 Fa 269 He 270 We 271 Fw 272 He 274 He 275 He 277 He 278 He 280 Fl 282 Fa 283 Ta 283 Fa 284 Fl 285 Ju 286 Ju 287 Ju 288 Ju 290 Me 290 As 292 Hs 293 Hs 294 Hs 295 Ar 296 Hs 296 Hs 297 Hs 298 Fw 300

301-	Me 309 Me 310 Do 317 Do 318 He 319 Me 321 Ju 322 Me 323 Me 328 Me 329 Fa 330 DFS 331 DFS 332 Fi 333 Me 334 Do 335 Fa 336 Fl 339 E.340 WNF 342 He 343 Rk 344 So 344 Go 345 DFS 346 Rk 347 Ba 349 Ju 352 Me 362 Me 364 Ju 388 Ju 390 Fw 391 Ar 396 Ta 400 Me 409 Me 410 Do 417 He 419 ZMe 423 Ar 430 Ka 430 Ar 432 Do 435 Ar 440 Ju 452 Me 462 Ju 488 Fw 491 Me 509 Me 510 He 519 ZSO 523 Ar 532 Do 535 E.555 Me 609 Ar 632 Do 635

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