Kirov, Kirov Oblast

For other places with the same name, see Kirov.
Kirov (English)
Киров (Russian)
-  City[1]  -

View of Kirov

Location of Kirov Oblast in Russia
Kirov
Location of Kirov in Kirov Oblast
Coordinates: 58°36′N 49°39′E / 58.600°N 49.650°E / 58.600; 49.650Coordinates: 58°36′N 49°39′E / 58.600°N 49.650°E / 58.600; 49.650
Coat of arms
Flag
City Day June 12
Administrative status (as of April 2008)
Country Russia
Federal subject Kirov Oblast[1]
Administratively subordinated to City of Kirov[1]
Administrative center of Kirov Oblast,[1] City of Kirov[1]
Municipal status (as of October 2011)
Urban okrug Kirov Urban Okrug[2]
Administrative center of Kirov Urban Okrug[2]
Head[3] Vladimir Bykov[4]
Representative body City Duma[5]
Statistics
Area 169.73 km2 (65.53 sq mi)[6][7]
Population (2010 Census) 473,695 inhabitants[8]
- Rank in 2010 38th
Density 2,791/km2 (7,230/sq mi)[9]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[10]
Founded 1181[11]
Previous names Khlynov (until 1781),[12]
Vyatka (until December 1934)[12]
Postal code(s)[13] 610000-610050
Dialing code(s) +7 8332
Official website
Kirov on Wikimedia Commons

Kirov (Russian: Киров; IPA: [ˈkʲirəf]), formerly known as Vyatka (Вя́тка) and Khlynov (Хлы́нов), is a city and the administrative center of Kirov Oblast, Russia, located on the Vyatka River. Population: 473,695 (2010 Census);[8] 480,411 (2002 Census);[14] 440,240 (1989 Census).[15]

History

The fort of Khlynov, situated just west of the Ural Mountains, was founded by Novgorodian entrepreneurs in 1181. It was first mentioned as a town in documents from 1374. Khlynov was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Moscow in 1489 and became known throughout Russia for its clay statuettes and whistles. It was also managed by Khanate of Kazan and was known as "Hılın". The town's oldest surviving monument is the Assumption Cathedral (1689), an imposing structure surmounted by five globular domes.

In 1781, Catherine the Great renamed the town Vyatka and made it the seat of Vyatka Governorate. The town also served as a place of exile, notably for Alexander Herzen, Alexander Vitberg, and Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin. By the end of the 19th century, it was an important station on the Trans-Siberian railway. In December 1934, it was renamed for the Soviet leader Sergey Kirov, who had been assassinated on December 1. However, whilst the name Kirov has remained since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, numerous institutions such as the university bear the former name of Vyatka.

Vyatka. Early 20th century
The northeastern part of the Vyatka City wharf and the ensemble of the Central square Spasskaya Street Khlebnaya Square
S. Lobovikov

Administrative and municipal status

Kirov is the administrative center of the oblast.[1] Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with 134 rural localities, incorporated as the City of Kirov—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the City of Kirov is incorporated as Kirov Urban Okrug.[2]

Economy

Kirov is a major transport hub (railway; Trans-Siberian main) and river port. It is served by Kirov Pobedilovo airport. During the 1990s this airport was closed and for several years provided only irregular service. During the 2003-2006 summer seasons there were signs of a revival in air transportation as several companies attempted to establish flight routes from Kirov to Moscow and Krasnodar. Since 2006 Kirov airport has been used by a local company operating flights to Moscow.

The Kirov River port went bankrupt in the late 1990s and all its river boats were sold to other regions. Kirov is a center of machine building; metallurgy, light, the printing trade, biochemical and the timber industry.

Culture

Museums

Vyatka Museum of Art, one of the oldest museums in Russia, was founded in 1910 by local artists.

The idea of creation belongs to natives of Vyatka land, brothers artists Viktor Vasnetsov and Apollinary Vasnetsov. At the core of the collection — works that received the most part in the 1910-1920s from the State Museum Fund, private collections and as gifts — from patrons and artists. Today the museum has more than fifteen thousand exhibits and is located in four buildings in Kirov downtown.[16]

Theaters

Circus

According to a report in Pravda dated January 4, 2005, Kirov is known as the "city of twins" for the unusually high number of multiple births there.[18]

According to a report, the city is home to a high concentration of red-haired individuals.[19]

Sports

Rodina Stadium

Rodina[20] plays in the highest division of Russian Bandy League. Their home arena has a capacity of 7500.[21] It will be the venue of the national final in 2013.[22]

Education

Kirov is the home of Vyatka University, Vyatka University for the Humanities, Vyatka Agricultural Academy and Kirov State Medical Academy.

Climate

Kirov has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb).

Climate data for Kirov
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 3.8
(38.8)		 6.0
(42.8)		 13.9
(57)		 27.3
(81.1)		 31.5
(88.7)		 36.9
(98.4)		 36.6
(97.9)		 35.9
(96.6)		 30.1
(86.2)		 22.6
(72.7)		 11.0
(51.8)		 7.0
(44.6)		 36.9
(98.4)
Average high °C (°F) −8.7
(16.3)		 −7.4
(18.7)		 0.0
(32)		 8.8
(47.8)		 16.9
(62.4)		 22.0
(71.6)		 24.2
(75.6)		 20.6
(69.1)		 14.0
(57.2)		 5.9
(42.6)		 −2.6
(27.3)		 −7.1
(19.2)		 7.2
(45)
Daily mean °C (°F) −11.9
(10.6)		 −10.9
(12.4)		 −4.0
(24.8)		 4.0
(39.2)		 11.2
(52.2)		 16.5
(61.7)		 18.9
(66)		 15.6
(60.1)		 9.7
(49.5)		 3.0
(37.4)		 −4.9
(23.2)		 −9.9
(14.2)		 3.1
(37.6)
Average low °C (°F) −15.0
(5)		 −14.0
(6.8)		 −7.6
(18.3)		 −0.1
(31.8)		 6.3
(43.3)		 11.8
(53.2)		 14.1
(57.4)		 11.6
(52.9)		 6.4
(43.5)		 0.6
(33.1)		 −7.2
(19)		 −12.8
(9)		 −0.5
(31.1)
Record low °C (°F) −41.9
(−43.4)		 −40.5
(−40.9)		 −33.8
(−28.8)		 −21.2
(−6.2)		 −10.5
(13.1)		 −2.4
(27.7)		 2.7
(36.9)		 0.0
(32)		 −8.3
(17.1)		 −23.2
(−9.8)		 −39.8
(−39.6)		 −45.2
(−49.4)		 −45.2
(−49.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 49
(1.93)		 33
(1.3)		 37
(1.46)		 34
(1.34)		 54
(2.13)		 78
(3.07)		 77
(3.03)		 77
(3.03)		 61
(2.4)		 64
(2.52)		 57
(2.24)		 55
(2.17)		 676
(26.61)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 42
(16.5)		 53
(20.9)		 57
(22.4)		 36
(14.2)		 6
(2.4)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 5
(2)		 13
(5.1)		 24
(9.4)		 236
(92.9)
Average rainy days 6 4 6 14 18 19 18 20 22 20 11 7 165
Average snowy days 23 19 14 3 1 0 0 0 0 4 15 22 101
Average relative humidity (%) 85 81 74 65 60 67 70 76 80 84 86 85 76.1
Mean monthly sunshine hours 27.9 67.2 114.7 222.0 272.8 291.0 328.6 235.6 153.0 62.0 27.0 18.6 1,820.4
Source: Pogoda.ru.net[23]

Gallery

Twin towns and sister cities

Kirov is twinned with:

Notable people

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Law #387-ZO
  2. 1 2 3 Law #284-ZO
  3. ↑ Charter of Kirov, Article 28
  4. ↑ "The head of the city of Kirov" (in Russian). Official website of the city of Kirov. Retrieved 2010-01-25.
  5. ↑ Кировская городская Дума
  6. ↑ Генеральный план Кирова
  7. ↑ Площадь в границах Кировского городского округа — 757,04 км²
  8. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  9. ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
  10. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  11. ↑ Russian Academy of Sciences: Institute of Russian History (May 28, 2009). "Историческая экспертиза по вопросу о возвращении городу Кирову его исторического названия (Historical examination on the return to the city of Kirov its historical name)" (in Russian). Press Center of Government of Kirov Oblast. Retrieved February 22, 2012.
  12. 1 2 (Russian)"15 лет от имени народа : Законодательное Собрание", под общ. ред. В. А. Васильева. (Киров:Триада-плюс, 2009) – 280 с.
  13. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
  14. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  15. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  16. ↑ http://artgallery.kirov.ru/vasnecov.html
  17. ↑ Вятский палеонтологический музей
  18. ↑ "Multiple births in Oblast Kirov". Retrieved 28 August 2010.
  19. ↑ "Map of Redheads in Europe". Retrieved 2 July 2013.
  20. ↑ ""Родина" Киров Официальный сайт хоккейного клуба - Новости". Khcrodina.ru. 2013-03-14. Retrieved 2013-03-26.
  21. ↑ "Google Translate". Translate.google.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-03-26.
  22. ↑ "Google Translate". Translate.google.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-03-26.
  23. ↑ "Pogoda.ru.net" (in Russian). Retrieved January 9, 2016.

Sources

Further reading

External links

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