Kingwood, Houston

For Kinwood, Texas, see Kinwood
Kingwood
Neighborhood of Houston
Former unincorporated area
Kingwood

"KINGWOOD" sign on Kingwood Drive entering Kingwood [now torn down].
Nickname(s): The Livable Forest
Kingwood

Location within the state of Texas

Coordinates: 30°02′01″N 95°15′40″W / 30.03361°N 95.26111°W / 30.03361; -95.26111Coordinates: 30°02′01″N 95°15′40″W / 30.03361°N 95.26111°W / 30.03361; -95.26111
Country United States
State Texas
County Harris and Montgomery
Elevation 49 ft (15 m)
Population (2000)
 • Total 81,692
Time zone Central (CST) (UTC-6)
 • Summer (DST) CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP codes 77325, 77339, 77345, 77346
Area code(s) 281, 713, 832
FIPS code 48-39376[1]
GNIS feature ID 1385469[2]

Kingwood is a 14,000 acre (57 km²) master-planned community located in northeast Houston, Texas, United States.[3] The majority of the community is located in Harris County with a small portion in Montgomery County. Known as the "Livable Forest," it is the largest master-planned community in Harris County and second-largest within the 10-county Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land metropolitan area. It was classified as a "census-designated place" during the 1990 census, when the population recorded was 37,397.[4]

Kingwood was created in 1971 as a joint venture between the Friendswood Development Company and King Ranch.[5] Its name was derived as part of that partnership.[6]

History

The Foster Lumber Company originally owned a portion of the tract of land that was later developed into the community of Kingwood. The Foster Family had owned the land since around 1892.[7] On December 28, 1967, the land was sold to the joint venture between King Ranch and the Friendswood Development Company, an Exxon subsidiary.[8] Exxon's Friendswood Development Company hired John Bruton Jr. to serve as the Operations Manager in which he was responsible for the planning, development, engineering, and construction of Kingwood[9] Plans for the community included greenbelts, shopping centers, schools, churches, recreational facilities, riding and hiking trails, and a boat ramp with access to Lake Houston.[8]

Kingwood was founded in 1970, and the first village opened in 1971. Since the opening, the community had the slogan "The Livable Forest."[10] In 1976 Kingwood had a few thousand residents.[11] Between 1980 and 1990 the community's population increased between 40 percent and 70 percent.[12] In 1990 the community had 19,443 residents and 204 businesses. The population increased to 37,397 in 1992.[11] In 2005 the population was roughly 65,000, and had almost 200,000 people living within a ten-mile (16 km) radius.

In 1994, the City of Houston began the process to annex Kingwood. According to Texas state law, a home-rule city may annex an unincorporated area, without the consent of the residents, if the area is within the city's extraterritorial jurisdiction. Bob Lanier, then the Mayor of Houston, believed that the annexation of Kingwood would result in a $4 million annual gain for the City of Houston.[10] Lanier argued that the city needed to bring in Kingwood to add more to its tax base. On Wednesday August 21, 1996, the Houston City Council asked the Planning and Development Department to create service plans for Kingwood and Jacintoport, another area being annexed by Houston. The annexation of Kingwood and Jacintoport increased the city's population by about 43,000 people.[13] Renée C. Lee of the Houston Chronicle said that Kingwood residents "fought an uphill battle [against annexation] for two years." Kingwood residents offered to pay $4 million to the city in exchange for not being annexed. The residents also filed a federal lawsuit against the City of Houston, claiming that the city was taxing residents without representation. At the time, many residents believed that the City of Houston would not follow through on the state law requirement asking annexing cities to provide equal services to the annexed areas as they do to their original territory. Some residents did not like the idea of the city annexing their community without the community's consent.[10]

Houston annexed Kingwood in 1996, adding about 15,000 acres (6,100 ha) to the city limits.[10] During that year, Thomas Phillips, a retired longshoreman and Bordersville resident, joined with representatives of Kingwood and sued the City of Houston in federal court arguing that the city could not legally annex areas if it did not provide certain services to some of its existing areas, including Bordersville which never had city water.[14] Imad F. Abdullah, the President of Landmark Architects Inc., criticized the residents who fought annexation in his 1996 editorial in the Houston Business Journal, arguing that a "not in my backyard" mentality in particular communities overall negatively affects the entire metropolitan area.[15]

Kingwood lobbied the Texas Legislature, asking for modifications to the state's annexation laws. In 1999 the legislature successfully passed amendments requiring annexing municipalities to develop plans for services provided to communities being annexed, and municipalities are required to provide a three-year planning period prior to official annexation to allow for public comment. The modified law allows for communities to use arbitration if the annexing cities fail to follow through with their service plans. The amendments do not affect prior annexations, including Kingwood's annexation. Some Kingwood residents expressed satisfaction that other suburban unincorporated areas including The Woodlands would not undergo the annexation that occurred in Kingwood.[10]

A 1999 series of robberies were perpetrated by four teenage girls from Kingwood. The film Sugar & Spice was loosely based on the incidents.[16]

In 2006, Kingwood has over 65,000 residents. During that year, ten years after the annexation, Lee said that "[a]nger and resentment that colored the early days of annexation" never dissipated and that most Kingwood residents "have settled in as Houstonians, but who still opposed annexation." Lee said that while residents sometimes complain about high rates for sewer and water services and obvious inadequacies in the fire and EMS services, those residents believe that Kingwood "has greatly suffered from being a part of the city." Lee says that most residents "will never come to terms with Houston's hostile takeover."[10] Lee said that "Services have deteriorated, and the community has lost its identity as a suburban haven as most people had feared" and "Many residents believe the community has not maintained its identity as the Livable Forest[.]"[10]

Kingwood has two community newspapers, The Tribune Newspaper (web site) and The Kingwood Observer.

Demographics

Kingwood includes the zip codes 77325, 77339, 77345, and (in part) 77346.[17] Approximately 81,692 people live within these zip codes.[18] The population density is 2,006 people per square mile.

The median age is 37.2 compared to the US median is 37.6.

68.27% of people in Kingwood (zip 77345), TX, are married, 8.42% are divorced.

The average household size is 2.71 people. 32.49% of people are married, with children. 6.28% have children, but are single.

Race in Kingwood (zip 77339), TX: White population: %75 Black population: %5.55 American Indian population: %0.8 Asian population: %6.8 Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander population: %1.8 Some other race population: %0.9 Two or more races population: %2.8 Hispanic or Latino population: %19.2 http://www.city-data.com/zips/77339.html[19]

Race in Kingwood (zip 77345), TX

80.74% of people are white (non-Hispanic), 3.45% are black, 3.45% are Asian, 0.34% are native American, and .53% claim 'Other'. 9.56% of the people (zip 77345), claim Hispanic ethnicity (meaning 90.44% are non-Hispanic). [20]

The Census Median Household Income for this geographic area is $77,527. The Median Family Income is $84,387, and the Average Non-family Income is $51,735. The Per Capita Income revealed in the Census for this area was $32,491.[21]

Cityscape

Kingwood has over 15,000 acres (6,100 ha) of space. The community, newly suburban and heavily forested, includes over 15,000 acres (6,100 ha) in nature preserves and parks. Renée C. Lee of the Houston Chronicle compared the presence of forests, parks, and trails in Kingwood to the presence of those features in The Woodlands.[10]

Kingwood is thirty miles northeast of Downtown Houston in the piney woods of southeastern Texas. It is divided into 25 neighborhoods, called "villages". Most villages have a neighborhood pool providing free access for village residents, and most provide their own set of village-specific services. During the summer, many of the villages organize youth swimming teams affiliated with the Northwest Aquatic League (NWAL).

Trailwood is Kingwood's oldest subdivision, with its first homes being completed in 1971: while new homes are still being built in Barrington, Kingwood Greens, Kings River, Kings Point, and Royal Shores.

Several other subdivisions and developments have developed around the Kingwood area. Some of these subdivisions are Forest Cove, which was first built in 1963, Bear Branch, Deer Ridge Estates, Sand Creek, Barrington, Kings Point, Riverchase, Foster's Mill, Riverbend, Hunters Ridge Estates, Greentree, Trailwood, Kingwood Lakes, Woodland Hills, Elm Grove, Mills Branch, King's Forest, Woodstream, Sherwood Trails, North Kingwood Forest, Kings Lake Estates, Lakewood Cove and Woodspring Forest. Nearby developments include Oakhurst at Kingwood and King's Manor. Oakhurst does not pay Kingwood Service Association fees, though it is considered part of Kingwood and is also developed by Friendswood Development.

Crime rate

In January through August 2003, the crime rate in Kingwood was 1,793 per 100,000 residents. Less than 10% of crimes were violent. During January through August 2006, the crime rate was 1,364 per 100,000 residents. In this case, less than 10% of the crimes were violent.[10]

In 1999 Sergeant G.A. MacAnulty of the Houston Police Department, who worked at the Kingwood substation, stated that almost all of the crime is perpetrated by juveniles. Vandalism had often occurred in the community. An unpublished study commissioned by the Friendswood Development Corporation and the Clergy Association of Kingwood concluded that the root of crime is due to the lack of recreational activities available in Kingwood. There was little police presence prior to the 1990s annexation by Houston, which meant that Kingwood came under the jurisdiction of HPD. Dewan wrote that according to many youth there was a significant amount of recreational drug consumption in Kingwood.[22]

Economy

The human resources company Insperity (formerly Administaff) has its headquarters in Kingwood.[23]

Education

Primary and secondary schools

Public schools

Kingwood High School

Kingwood pupils residing in Harris County attend the Humble Independent School District. Kingwood High School and Kingwood Park High School serve the area. All students enrolled in Humble Independent School District also have the option to attend Quest High School, a magnet high school in Atascocita.

Students residing in Montgomery County attend the New Caney Independent School District.[24] Residents of that portion attend Porter High School.[25] Before the opening of Porter High School in 2010, students attended New Caney High School.[26] A small portion of North Woodland Hills, as well as the Kings Manor and Oakhurst developments, are located in Montgomery County.

Kingwood Park High School

Kingwood is served by three Humble ISD middle schools: Kingwood Middle School, Creekwood Middle School and Riverwood Middle School. Kingwood Middle School students are zoned to Kingwood Park High School, while students attending Creekwood and Riverwood are zoned to Kingwood High School.

Middle school students in areas of Kingwood in New Caney ISD attend Woodridge Middle School.[27] Sixth graders in New Caney ISD previously attended the New Caney 6th Grade Campus.[28]

In addition to the high schools and middle schools, Kingwood is served by nine Humble ISD elementary schools. The elementary schools include:

Foster Elementary, Woodlands Hills Elementary, Deerwood Elementary, Oak Forest Elementary, Willow Creek Elementary, Bear Branch Elementary, Greentree Elementary, Shadow Forest Elementary, and Elm Grove Elementary.

Kings Manor Elementary School serves Kingwood New Caney ISD students.[29]

Private schools

Private schools in Kingwood include Northeast Christian Academy (PreK-12th), St. Martha Catholic School (PreK-8),[30] Pines Montessori School (Toddlers - Middle School),.[31]

Colleges and universities

Lone Star College-Kingwood is two-year community college that serves the area and it is part of the Lone Star College System.

Public libraries

Dedicated on August 12, 1983, the 12,000-square-foot (1,100 m2) original Kingwood Branch of the Harris County Public Library, had over 112,000 books.[32] In partnership with the Houston Public Library, plans were made to replace the original branch with a new a "City-County" branch in exchange for 4.2 million dollars to fund the building of a new 35,000-square-foot (3,300 m2) facility.[33] [34] The original Kingwood Library location closed on March 13, 2010, and the new location opened on April 19, 2010.[35] The demolished building was replaced by a new community center.

In addition to the Kingwood Library, and within Kingwood, there is also the Kingwood Community College library, which permits access for "currently enrolled students, high school students and adults living within the district, patrons of Montgomery County Memorial Library System, and college employees."[36]

Government and infrastructure

Local government

City of Houston provides police, fire and ambulance services. The Houston Public Works Department is responsible for the maintenance and construction of roads in Kingwood. The City of Houston maintains water services. Before the annexation, 13 municipal utility districts (MUD) provided those services. After annexation, water and sewer bills increased; most residents had their water bills be double and triple of the bills prior to annexation. In 2006 Mayor of Houston Bill White said that the city had to cover the debts of the MUDs, so it increased the water and sewer rates.[10]


Houston City Council District E serves Kingwood.[37] As of 2008 Mike Sullivan represents the district.[38][39][40] District E contains Kingwood and the Houston portion of Clear Lake City. The City of Houston has a liaison who works with the District E representative and the residents of Kingwood. In 2006 some Kingwood residents told the Houston Chronicle that the District E representative has too little influence in city council, which had 15 seats during that year, and that the district is, in the words of Renée C. Lee of the Houston Chronicle, territorially "spread too thin."[10]

METRO operates a single Park and Ride location in Kingwood to provide commuters with an alternative to driving themselves downtown.

The Kingwood Chamber of Commerce serves local businesses and the community with regular activities such as Kleenwood.[41]

Around the time of annexation, much of the controversy regarding the annexation centered on the fire and police services. Residents believed that they received a higher quality of police and fire services than the City of Houston offered.[10] When Kingwood became a part of Houston, residents could no longer legally discharge fireworks in Kingwood due to a City of Houston ban.[42]

The Kingwood community associations control the deed restrictions of the neighborhoods.[10]

Police

The Houston Police Department's Kingwood Patrol Division,[43] headquartered at 3915 Rustic Woods Drive,[44] provides law enforcement services to Kingwood. As of 2006 the police station has a captain and 74 patrol and supervisor police officers. Bill White, Mayor of Houston in 2006, said that Kingwood had fair police services. Of the communities of Houston, Kingwood has the lowest number of police officers in relation to the overall number of crimes committed in the city. White also said that he received requests to remove police officers from Kingwood and place them in areas of Houston with higher crime rates. White said that he refused the requests since the removal would impact response times in Kingwood, the worst in the city. Prior to annexation, the Harris County Precinct 4 Constable provided law enforcement services.[10] Initially after annexation, the Kingwood Storefront of the Northeast Patrol Division served Kingwood.[45]

Minors under the age of 17 are subject to a Houston mandated curfew after 11:00PM Sunday through Thursday, or 12:00AM on Friday and Saturday (baring few minor exceptions.)[46] This curfew extends to fill the time between 9AM until 2:30PM on days when school is in session.[46] John Cannon, a spokesman for the HPD says, "the curfew is to ensure that kids are in school getting an education."[47]

Fire

Kingwood's fire stations are within Houston Fire District 102, operated by the Houston Fire Department.[48] There are four stations located within Kingwood: Station 101, Station 102, Station 103 and Station 104. A fifth station, Station 105, is outside of Kingwood and in the same fire district.[48][49] As of 2006, the Kingwood fire stations include one district chief, 30 firefighters, three medic units, and nine pieces of equipment.[10]

When the City of Houston annexed Kingwood in 1996, the city acquired four stations held by the Kingwood Volunteer Fire Department (VFD). The stations acquired were numbered by the city from 101 to 104.[50][51][52][53] Before the annexation, the department had up to 80 paid and volunteer firefighters and twelve pieces of equipment. After annexation the city added one more fire station.[10] Mike Byers, a Kingwood resident quoted in the Houston Chronicle and the president of the Humble Area Chamber of Commerce, said that because many of the volunteer fire department members were friends and neighbors of Kingwood residents, the Kingwood residents had difficulty with the loss of the VFD and the city taking the money. He added that many of the new staff of the emergency services stations were not familiar with Kingwood, and some were unable to find certain locations, leading to slow response times and 11 deaths. As of 2006 Byers says that the City of Houston now provides fair emergency services to Kingwood residents.[10]

Bill White, Mayor of Houston in 2006, said during that year that Kingwood had "a great fire and EMS service with one of our best captains in the Kingwood area, and I have not gotten any complaints about fire and EMS response times, which is one of the best in the nation."[10] In 2006 Mike Fuhre, the former chief of the Kingwood VFD, criticized HFD for allocating fewer staff and pieces of equipment to Kingwood than had existed during the existence of the VFD. Fuhre said that there were occasions when Kingwood had no coverage because all of the firefighters were called to other locations, and still do.[10]

County, state, and federal representation

Kingwood residents vote mostly Republican, and representatives of Kingwood on local and state levels tend to be Republican. The Harris County portion of Kingwood lies in Harris County Precinct 4 (PCT4). As of October 3, 2011 PCT4's commissioner is Jack Cagle and the constable is Ron Hickman.[54]

The Harris County section of Kingwood is located in District 127 of the Texas House of Representatives. As of 2010, Dan Huberty represents the district.[55] The Montgomery County section of Kingwood is located in District 16 of the Texas House of Representatives. As of 2008, Brandon Creighton represents the district.[56] Kingwood is within District 4 of the Texas Senate; as of 2008 Tommy Williams represents that district.[57]"Senator Tommy Williams: District 4". The Senate of Texas. Retrieved 2007-09-30. 

Kingwood is in Texas's 2nd congressional district. As of 2008, Ted Poe represents the district.[58] Poe who won by 55% in 2004.[59] The United States Postal Service Kingwood Post Office is located at 4025 Feather Lakes Way.[60]

Parks and recreation

Kingwood Town Center
The People's Park in Kingwood

Kingwood has over 500 acres (200 ha) of nature preserves and parks, and it has over 75 miles (121 km) of hike and bicycle trails. The Kingwood community, not the city of Houston, owns the parks and trails.[10]

The greenbelt trails' maintenance is the responsibility of the trail association in each village with the exception of Trailwood Village. Over 75 miles (121 km) of greenbelts comb the area. In addition, each village association maintains a park and swimming pool for the benefit of its residents.

The City of Houston operates the Dylan Duncan Memorial Park. It includes a picnic pavilion and a skate facility[64]

Events

Kingwood residents enjoy a number of community events throughout the year, including:

See also

References

  1. ↑ Kingwood. "places-named.com". Retrieved 2013-12-24.
  2. ↑ "Kingwood, Texas". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
  3. ↑ "Kingwood Community Information". Kingwood Online. Friendswood Development Company. 2006. Retrieved 2007-10-07.
  4. ↑ Population and housing unit counts - 1990. United States Census Bureau via Google Books. 1993. Retrieved 2013-12-24.
  5. ↑ Kingwood, Texas Summary. Kleiner, Diana J., Texas State Historical Association. . Last accessed March 13, 2011.
  6. ↑ About Kingwood Texas - Community Guide. Last accessed March 13, 2011.
  7. ↑ Kingwood History. Last accessed March 13, 2011.
  8. 1 2 Kingwood, Texas Summary. Kleiner, Diana J., Texas State Historical Association. Last accessed March 13, 2011.
  9. ↑ John D. Bruton Jr. Obituary. Last accessed March 13, 2011.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Lee, Renée C. "Annexed Kingwood split on effects." (Alt) Houston Chronicle. Sunday October 8, 2006. A21. Retrieved on July 6, 2011. Print version exclusively has timeline of Houston annexations and the infobox on incorporated areas. The main story and "About Kingwood" are in the online edition and in the print edition. The print version is available at the microfilm desk of the Jesse H. Jones Building of the Houston Public Library Central Library.
  11. 1 2 Kingwood, Texas from the Handbook of Texas Online
  12. ↑ Rodriguez, Lori. "Census tracks rapid growth of suburbia." Houston Chronicle. Sunday March 10, 1991. Section A, Page 1.
  13. ↑ Mason, Julie. "Kingwood annexation on track." Houston Chronicle. Thursday August 22, 1996. A26. Retrieved on December 9, 2011.
  14. ↑ Sallee, Rad. "Future arrives at Bordersville/31 years after annexation, poor area gets city's attention." Houston Chronicle. Sunday December 29, 1996. A37.
  15. ↑ Abdullah, Imad F. "Kingwood annexation fight hurts entire Houston area." Houston Business Journal. Friday November 22, 1996.
  16. ↑ Henderson, Gracie. "Parole denied for two of the Kingwood "Queens of Armed Robbery" (Archive). Houston Community Newspapers & Media Group. Thursday July 17, 2003. Retrieved on February 15, 2016.
  17. ↑ "USPS - ZIP Code Lookup - Find All Cities in a ZIP Code". Zip4.usps.com. 2009-12-17. Retrieved 2011-10-04.
  18. ↑ "Kingwood Statistics". Kingwood.com. Retrieved 2011-10-04.
  19. ↑ data, city. "77339 Zip Code Detailed Profile". city-data. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  20. ↑ "77345 Zip Code Detailed Profile". Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  21. ↑ "Kingwood Community Guide - Kingwood Statistics & Demographics". Kingwood.com. Retrieved 2011-10-04.
  22. ↑ Dewan, Shaila. "Nice Girls With Guns." Houston Press. Thursday December 16, 1999. Retrieved on February 15, 2016.
  23. ↑ "About Administaff." Insperity. Retrieved on February 20, 2010.
  24. ↑ "Super Neighborhood #43 - Kingwood". City of Houston. Archived from the original on 2007-07-06. Retrieved 2007-10-02.
  25. ↑ "High_School_2010." New Caney Independent School District. Retrieved on January 20, 2011.
  26. ↑ Micek, Kassia. "NCISD proposes new elementary attendance zones." Courier of Montgomery County. Wednesday January 12, 2011.
  27. ↑ "Middle School Zones" (Archive). New Caney Independent School District. Retrieved on September 11, 2015.
  28. ↑ "Secondary Schools" (Archive). New Caney Independent School District. April 22, 2010. Retrieved on September 11, 2015. "All sixth grade students attend the New Caney Sixth Grade Campus. The district will open its second high school in August 2010 when Porter High School starts enrolling students."
  29. ↑ "Elementary School Zones" (Archive). New Caney Independent School District. Retrieved on September 11, 2015.
  30. ↑ Home page. St. Martha Catholic School. Retrieved on March 26, 2009.
  31. ↑ "Welcome to Pines Montessori School!." Pines Montessori School. Retrieved on March 26, 2009.
  32. ↑ "Kingwood Branch Library". eBranch. Harris County Public Library. Retrieved 2007-09-30.
  33. ↑ Williamson, Harry (2007-02-15). "Kingwood library construction work to start this year". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved 2007-08-05.
  34. ↑ http://www.houstontx.gov/council/e/news-2010april.pdf
  35. ↑ Whittington, Christi. "." Harris County Public Library. Retrieved on March 8, 2010.
  36. ↑ "Hours Staff and General info". Kingwood College Library info. NMHCCD. 2007-09-04. Retrieved 2007-09-30. Kingwood College is part of the North Harris Montgomery Community College District (NHMCCD). Currently enrolled students, high school students and adults living within the district, patrons of Montgomery County Memorial Library System, and college employees may check out materials.
  37. ↑ City of Houston, Council District Maps, District E." City of Houston. Retrieved on November 5, 2011.
  38. ↑ "COUNCIL DISTRICT MAPS > DISTRICT E." City of Houston. Retrieved on November 3, 2008.
  39. ↑ "City Council." City of Houston. Retrieved on November 3, 2008.
  40. ↑ "Council Member Addie Wiseman profile page". City of Houston. Retrieved 2007-09-30.
  41. ↑ Home Page." Kingwood Chamber of Commerce. Accessed October 27, 2008.
  42. ↑ Staff. "A Whimper Not a Bang." Houston Chronicle. Tuesday December 31, 1996. A21. Retrieved on February 20, 2010.
  43. ↑ "HPD Beat Map." City of Houston.
  44. ↑ "VOLUNTEER INITIATIVES PROGRAM - Citizens Offering Police Support." City of Houston.
  45. ↑ Fake, Kyle W. "Storefronts solve key problems." Houston Chronicle. Wednesday January 17, 2001. ThisWeek 10. Retrieved on October 27, 2011. "Northeast Division Denver Harbor, 6702 Lyons Fifth Ward, 4300 Lyons Jensen, 9211 Jensen Kingwood, 3915 Rustic Woods "
  46. 1 2 "Juvenile Curfew" (PDF). City of Houston. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-15. Retrieved 2007-11-01.
  47. ↑ Thomas, Stefanie (2007-09-25). "Curfew details differ in Atascocita, Humble and Kingwood". The Humble Observer. Houston Community Newspapers. Retrieved 2007-10-01. The goal of the daytime curfew is to ensure that kids are in school, getting an education," said John Cannon, spokesman for HPD. "If a kid is not in school, he or she has a much better chance of getting into trouble. I think most parents would agree that daytime curfew is a good tool to help keep their kids in the classroom.
  48. 1 2 "Fire Stations". Houston Fire Department. 2007-06-18. Retrieved 2007-09-30.
  49. ↑ Evans, Jay S. "(1995–2003)77, 82, 83, 85, 90, 92-94, 96, 99, 101-104". History of Houston Fire Stations. Houston Fire Department. Archived from the original on 2007-07-14. Retrieved 2007-09-30.
  50. ↑ "Station 101." City of Houston. Retrieved on May 8, 2010.
  51. ↑ "Station 102." City of Houston. Retrieved on May 8, 2010.
  52. ↑ "Station 103." City of Houston. Retrieved on May 8, 2010.
  53. ↑ "Station 104." City of Houston. Retrieved on May 8, 2010.
  54. ↑ "Elected Officials". Harris County. Retrieved 2007-10-01.
  55. ↑ "District 127." Texas House of Representatives. Retrieved on November 3, 2008.
  56. ↑ "District 16." Texas House of Representatives. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
  57. ↑ "Senate District 4" Map. Senate of Texas. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
  58. ↑ "Congressional District 2." National Atlas of the United States. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
  59. ↑ "U.S. House -- Texas District 2 (voting results)". Washington Post. Associated Press. 2004-11-24. Retrieved 2007-09-30.
  60. ↑ "Post Office Location - KINGWOOD." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on December 8, 2008.
  61. 1 2 "Park Inventory" (PDF). Houston Parks and Recreation Department. 2006-08-28. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-24. Retrieved 2007-09-30.
  62. ↑ "East End Park". Rehak Creative Services. Retrieved 2008-08-08.
  63. ↑ "Skate Parks". Houston Parks and Recreation Department. Archived from the original on 2007-06-30. Retrieved 2007-09-30. Kingwood Skate Park was the very first public skate park built by the City of Houston. It was dedicated on May 21, 2004. The 5,402-square-foot (501.9 m2) facility measures 73’ x 74’. Components include: a mini half pipe with 90' hip, skate benches, a kinked round grind rail, a kicker ramp, skate tables, a bank to stair with rail, shade structures with benches, drinking fountain and a bike rack in the shape of a skateboarder.
  64. ↑ "Our Parks A-F." City of Houston. Retrieved on November 3, 2012.

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