King's College, Hong Kong

King's College, Hong Kong Chinese: 英皇書院
Meticulous thoughts, Diligent actions Chinese: 慎思篤行
Location
63A Bonham Road, Mid-Levels,  Hong Kong
Information
Type	Public, single-sex
Religious affiliation(s)	Non-sectarian
Established	1857 (West Point School) 1879 (Saiyingpun Anglo-Chinese School) 1926 (King's college)
Founder	Sir Reginald Edward Stubbs
Principal	Mrs. Chan Woo Mei-hou, Nancy[1]
Staff	69
Grades	Secondary 1–6
Number of students	~1,200 students
Color(s)	King's crimson
Medium of Instruction	English, except Chinese Language, Chinese History and Mandarin, in which Chinese is the medium of instruction
School Magazine	The Fig Tree
Website	http://www.kings.edu.hk

King's College, Hong Kong (Chinese: 英皇書院), often informally referred to simply as King's or K.C., is a highly selective single-sex boys' secondary school located at 63A Bonham Road, Mid-levels, in the Central and Western District. It is one of the most prestigious school in Hong Kong. Since its founding years, King's College has been renowned for the high academic performance and exceptional inter-school competition achievements of its students. It is also notable that the College has many distinguished alumni who are well known in the region for notable accomplishments in their fields or currently holding important positions in public office, which may have contributed to the College's lasting reputation. The motto of the College is 慎思篤行, which translates literally as "meticulous thoughts, diligent actions". Top King's students attain scholarships to Hong Kong and international universities and attend the Oxbridge, Ivy League and other top universities after graduation.

School history

West Point School (1857–1879)

West Point School was established in 1857.

Saiyingpun School (1879–1926)

Saiyingpun Anglo-Chinese School dates back to 1879, when the government decided to establish a free school at West Point and appointed as headmaster Mr. Fung Fu, who had just return after studying in United State of America. The school first stood in Third Street, and the number in attendance reached 110 in twelve years.

The government was then induced by Dr. Eitel, an Inspector of Schools, to construct a more permanent school building on Pokfulam Road where Vernacular Middle School later stood. In 1891, The school moved to the present site of the Li Sing Primary School on Pokfulam Road. The government was then induced by Dr. Eitel, an Inspector of School later stood. Mr. Fung remained the headmaster of the school for another 12 years, until 1903, when he retired. He was succeeded by Mr. W. H. Williams, who was transferred to the newly founded Victoria British School in 1905. Mr. Alfred Morris took over as headmaster, and average attendance soared to 403 by 1909, severely taxing the capacity of the school, despite additions and extensions.

Mr. Fung remained the headmaster of the school for another 12 years, until 1903, when he retired. He was succeeded by Mr. W. H. William, a British, who was transferred to the newly founded Victoria British School in 1905. Mr. Alfred Morris took over as headmaster and average attendance soared to 403 by 1909, severely taxing the capacity of the school, despite additions and extensions.

King's College (1926–)

Background

King's College now stands on what was once holy ground, being the site of a Roman Catholic church named St Anthony's built in 1892 'ex voto' (that is to say, its construction was funded by the contributions of the faithful). St Anthony's was later demolished and replaced by the eponymous church in Pokfulam Road, which still stands today. Beside St Anthony's stood the Sacred Heart Chapel. This was built a few years before St Anthony's was built by the architect Mr. M.A. D'Aquino, and blessed in March 1879(according to the report in Catholic Register of that year).The land jointly occupied by the church and the chapel was named Inland Lot 755, and was the property of the Roman Catholic Church. Some time after the construction of St Anthony's, probably because having two churches in such close proximity was seen as an inefficient use of holy land, the Sacred Heart Chapel was converted into an orphanage and school under the care of the Canossian Sisters – the Ling Yuet Sin Kindergarten of the present day. In 1920 the prologue to our school's story was written. It took the form of a requisition order by government authorities for a portion of Inland Lot 755, the section where the Church of St Anthony stood.

Pre-war and establishment

Main entrance before war

College's garden before the Pacific War

In 1923, foundations were laid and construction work began for the new King's College, Construction lasted over 3 years and was completed in 1926. The Saiyingpun School moved to the new campus in the same year and was upgraded to King's College and accepted. In September, the qualified pupils from Saiyingpun Anglo-Chinese School transferred to the new college. The College was named in honor of King George V. A portrait of King George V is exhibited in the college's building.^[2]The governor reported king's college as one of the chief schools.

Four months later, from Feburuary to December, the building was commandeered for use as a military camp-cum-hospital for British Shanghai Defence Force dispatched to protest British subjects in the British Section of the Shanghai Treaty Port. In 1928, the building was returned to King's College, which was officially opened by the Governmor, H.E. Sir Cecil Clementi, K.C.M.G., LL.D., M.A. on 5 March.

No sooner had the school been erected than it won the enviable reputation of having the finest school building in the East, with scarcely an equal anywhere in the world. Built around the three sides of a square, the building comprised a north wing, a south wing and an east wing. The tower above the main entrance dignified the general appearance of King's College whereas the dainty school garden further enhanced its beauty.

There was a museum housed in the library and the layout of classrooms was somewhat different from now. There were 29 classrooms, accommodating 30 students each, a playground and a swimming pool. Each floor had a cloakroom with enough space for hats, umbrellas and baskets. The laboratories were then on the top floor of the north wing, above the gymnasium. On the middle floor of the same wing was the art room and library. The swimming pool was filled with filtered water. The playground consisted of a jumping pit and one court each for basketball, volleyball and tennis.

Each pupils was allotted a numbered desk and the total capacity was 720 students. The school year began on 1 November and ended on 31 July. School fee for Classes 8, 7, 6, 5 and 4 was $60 per annum, payable in 12 instalments of $5 each, and $120 per annum, $10 for each instalment, for Classes 3,2 and 1. In addition, each pupil was charged a medical fee for $3 per year. From 1926 to 1930, it was a full-day school, but thereafter changed to a half-day one, with activities in the afternoon. The first issue of the College magazine appeared in 1935, shortly after William Kay became Headmaster.

1939/40 Prefect body and Mr. H.G.Wallington

College's library and museum before war

During the first fifteen years, the school followed the old system of class organization with eight classes. Classes 8 and 7 (primary 5 & 6 respectively today) were primary ones, Class 6 equivalent to the present Secondary 1, and Class 2 the present Secondary 5. The enrolment stood at 840 boys. Above eighty percentages of staff came from British. Most of the teachers graduated from the two leading ancient universities in England – University of Cambridge and University of Oxford. King's College was one of the few well-developed English colleges. At that time period, King's College was evidently the best secondary school in Hong Kong.

Since its establishment, King's College has played a profound role in Hong Kong's education. It excelled not only in academic results: during Mr. Morris' time, the school did extremely well in sports also, once with two students representing China in basketball team in the Olympics, and another student holding at one time or another backstroke swimming records of Hong Kong and China. Its contribution was highly commended in St. John's Review, which remarked that, to thousands of former students, many of whom leaders in commerce and public life of the colony, to be without King's and Queen's was to be like an Englishman without his Oxford and Cambridge and an American without his Yale and Harvard.The immense success could be attributed to the high competency of the first three principals – Mr. Alfred Morris (1926–1934), Mr. William Kay (1934–1939) and Mr. H.G. Wallington (1934–1941).

The Pacific War

While the school was enjoying its prosperous days, the Pacific War broke out after the Pearl Harbour Incident in December 1941. King's College was used as a first aid station, having been fully equipped as such by the first principal, A. Morris St. John's Ambulance. When Hong Kong was occupied by the Japanese on Christmas Day, King's College was used as a military mule and horse stable for the Japanese Army. Teachers like Messrs, Coxhead and Ferguson were taken war prisoners, while the principal, Mr. Wallington, was sent to the prison in Stanley. Mr. Coxhead was later sent to a labour camp in Japan.

The tragic War did immense damage to Hong Kong and King's College was not spared. The Japanese occupation was undoubtedly an unhappy interlude, for all normal activities of the school came to a halt. The school building was virtually destroyed by looters during the last two weeks immediately after the withdrawal of the Japanese Army, and only an empty red brick skeleton of the building remained. The tragedy of destruction was however soon followed by the joy of construction.

Post-war

In 1945, some former teachers, led with remarkable fortitude by J.J. Ferguson and some old boys of King's College, revived the school. Subsequently, it moved back to Hollywood Road as Hollywood Road A.M. School.

In 1950, King's College Old boys' Association opened a two-sessional co-educational Primary School,^[3] and was offered the name King's College Primary School and shared its original site with Northcote Training College. H.T. Woo was appointed headmaster, and remained so for only one year.

After rehabilitation

In September 1951, King's College was rehabilitated with C. W. Sargison as principal. Then for the first time in the school's history, girls were admitted, most of whom were promoted from the Primary School. Total enrolment of pupils was 640. Being a specialist in chemistry, Mr. Sargison had played a very important part in making King's College pre-eminent in sciences. Such image of a 'Science School' had branded King's ever since.

The building was shattered and destroyed in war, and was later restored with additional portions. The first phase of re-development of the school buildings was completed by 1953 with the addition of two laboratories, a Preparation Room, a lecture Room, an art Room and five classrooms in the South and East Wings. The enrolment figure soared to 750. However, during the next five years, owing to slow pace of construction after the war of school buildings, King's College had again to share the premises successively with Grantham Training College and Queen Elizabeth School and operated only on a bi-sessional basis. It was not until 1960 that King's College started to be the sole user of the premises.^[4]

In 1954, Mr C. W. Sargison was transferred to King George V School. He was succeeded by Mr F.K. Leung MBE, an old boy of Saiyingpun School and a pupil of A. Morris, who made history by being the first Chinese principal of a government secondary school in Hong Kong. The school had restored the house system of prewar days. Instead of calling them North, South, East and West, they are named after four former principals – Morris, Kay, Wallington and Ferguson.

In the same year, an extra Secondary Upper Six was operated to make places available for students who planned to sit for the revised Hong Kong University Matriculation Examination. There were nineteen classes ranging from Form 2 to Upper 6 in total. Facilities of the school provided for the training of students doing the Hong Kong University Diploma of Education and of students from the Northcote Training College. The subjects taught are English, Chinese, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geography, History, Civics, Art, Music and Physical Training. In 1955, witnessed the first group of King's graduates, entering University after the war.

The pressing need for further expansion of the school finally received a positive response from the government. An additional floor was added to the South Wing and the two floors above the gymnasium were restored. Additionally, an extra floor was added on top of the East Wing in the front of the Hall gallery, which later became the library. The final stage of construction work was completed by December 1959 and fitting out of the new premises followed in the next few months.^[5]

It was during Coxhead's tenure of office (1960–1967) that King's College entered a new stage of alteration and progress.^[6] In 1963 Secondary Lower Six Arts classes were opened after a hiatus of several years. This restored the balance between Science and Arts classes though the demand for entrance to Science or Medicine classes was still greater. From 1966 onwards, girls were admitted only in Secondary 6.

In 1967 H.W. Clarke succeeded Coxhead as principal and it was during the next three years that King's witnessed a climax of academic attainment.^[7] In 1968 64 distinctions were obtained by King’s College students in the Hong Kong University Matriculation Examination, an unprecedented achievement.^[8] By 1971, D.R. Madan was appointed principal and King's students continued to achieve magnificent feats in both academic and extracurricular fields.^[9][10]

In October 1977 K.F. Chu, an old boy who had graduated in 1938, became principal.^[11]

The fountain of the school garden was repaired and its pedestal was turned into a pond for the breeding of goldfish and various other species of carp. A Bauhinia tree was planted in the northern corner of the school garden while the palm tree planted in 1971 had grown to 3 storeys tall. In April 1986, a time capsule was buried in the school garden.^{[12][13][14][15][16]}

Late 20th century–present

In September 1986, W.T. Poon succeeded Chu Ka Fai as principal and the entire enrollment soared to 1200. Poon was famed throughout the Education Department for being his lively and enthusiastic personality. With him came some great improvements in the school. A public address system was installed in the playground, which proved to be effective in developing a greater sense of unity in students. Under Poon's leadership, the students won the International Mathematics Olympiad Championship.^[17]

For the first time in the history of the school, Study Tours to Singapore and Malaysia were organized with part of the funds sponsored by the King's College Old Boy Association. Since then, Study Tours have proven to be very popular with King's students. In March 1992 the first K.C. Student Union was formed after a democratic election.^[18]

The transition year of 1997, when Hong Kong was returned to the motherland, provided King's College a golden chance to renew its oath to play a major role in the community of Hong Kong and China. This year was a year in which King’s College eminent graduates' achievements were recognized by Hong Kong society. King’s College old boy, Dr. Simon Li Fook Sean, received the Grand Bauhinia Medal (GMB) from the HKSAR Government in acknowledgement of his stupendous contributions to Hong Kong and China. Dr. Li was among the first recipients of this award.^[19]

Following the appointment of a new principal, Mr Ho Yue Shun, in 1998, King's College has undergone massive changes, especially on the information technology front. King's was enlisted as one of the few secondary school participants in a pilot scheme for the application of IT in education. A sum of HK$6M was granted for the acquisition of hardware and the installation of King's College's own intranet. An Information Technology Open Day was launched, which was followed by the launch of the school website, school intranet and a renovated IT room complete with modern computer facilities. Professor Robert F. Curl, 1996 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry, visited King's College and met the senior students on 9 May 2002. On 29 October 2003, Professor Jean-Marie Lehn, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry, visited King's College and met the senior students. In 2010, Mr Ho Yue Shun was succeeded by Mrs. Chan Woo Mei-hou.

At the 60th anniversary of the King’s Harmonica Band

The equally elegant red brick addition to King’s College current campus was not simply another piece accommodation with new, well-resourced classrooms and laboratories, but also represented the an initiation of a new stage in the evolution of King's College. King’s College is one of the few surviving pre-war government school buildings in Hong Kong, and is continuing its mission in fostering elites in Hong Kong today.

School campus

King's College Bonham campus, built in 1926, is one of the oldest surviving pre-war government school buildings in Hong Kong. When the College was first built, it had the enviable reputation of being the best school building in the Far East. The Neo-classical style historical building which houses the college has evolved over the years since its establishment in 1926. It was once damaged in World War II and rebuilt and refurnished after the war. Since then the orthodox structure has reserved its current façades of grey granite columns against a background of crimson bricks, arched corridors and cavernous garden, an image widely held by its students and the public as an epitome of the college.

The red-brick school building in Neo-classical style is a rare piece of school architecture of its kind in Hong Kong. When the school building was built in 1926, it comprised an east wing, a south wing and a north wing with a bell tower (now removed) above the colonnaded curved entrance porch at the junction of Bonham Road and Western Street. The notable Neo-classical style features such as arched colonnades, colonnaded verandahs, rusticated quoins, moulded cornices and classical stone surrounds make it an interesting piece of built heritage. The current configuration of four wings frames a rectangular playground at the centre. Built on a sloping terrain, the south wing verandah shields student activities from stormy weather. The dainty school garden at the lower ground level facing Bonham Road enriches the school environment. It has become a declared monument in December 2011.^[20]

• 

  King's College Bonham campus

Ornamentation

A stone carving which depicting the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom displayed on the red brick wall above the college's main entrance. It is the only royal coat of arms remains in Hong Kong. The shield is quartered, depicting in the first and fourth quarters the three passant guardant lions of England; in the second, the rampant lion and double tressure flory-counterflory of Scotland; and in the third, a harp for Ireland. The crest is a statant guardant lion wearing the St Edward's Crown, himself on another representation of that crown. The dexter supporter is a likewise crowned English lion; the sinister, a Scottish unicorn. The coat features both the motto of English monarchs, Dieu et mon droit (God and my right), and the motto of the Order of the Garter, Honi soit qui mal y pense (shame upon him who thinks evil of it) on a representation of the Garter behind the shield.

Academic

HKDSE

In 2014, Mak Chi Cheong become one of the twelve HKDSE 2014 candidates who have achieved the highest grade, level 5**, in all seven subjects. In 2015, Student Chan Lok Pong become one of the two HKDSE 2015 candidates who have achieved the highest grade, level 5**, in all eight subjects.

HKCEE

In 2010, An student from King's College topped all candidates scoring the highest mark in the last-ever HKCEE in Hong Kong.

Intel ISEF

In 2012, the chemistry research team of King's College Edmond Lui, Tommy Yuen and Sipo Wai participated in the World Final of the Intel ISEF under the category of Chemistry. With the outstanding project named "Polyaniline Multi-detecting Toxic Gas Sensor", our students were successfully awarded the Second Place Grand Award. In addition, their achievement will be further recognized by the entitlement of three minor planets named after them by the “International Astronomical Union” (IAU). They were presented a scholarship of US $1,500 and a certificate.

In 2014, the chemistry research team of King's College Matthew Chan Tai hei and Leo Fang Er Hai participated in the World Final of the Intel ISEF under the category of Chemistry. With the outstanding project named "Mechanism of Chinese Silver Staining Diagnosis and Its Application as Rapid Test for Chronic Renal Failure", our students were successfully awarded the “London International Youth Science Forum – The Philip V. Streich Memorial Award”, “Intel ISEF Best of Category Award (Chemistry)” and “First Award in the Category of Chemistry”.In addition, their achievement will be further recognized by the entitlement of two minor planets with their name by the “International Astronomical Union” (IAU) together with a scholarship of US $8,000.

In 2015, the chemistry research team of King's College Chu Yat Ho, Yip Tsz Fung and Iu Shing Huk participated in the World Final of the Intel ISEF under the category of Chemistry. With the outstanding project named " Dye-sensitized Chlorophyll Solar Cells Using Crude Chlorophyll Extract Coupled with Natural Cysteine-assisted Ag/Ppy Ion Carriers and Water Electrolyte ", our students were successfully awarded the Third Award in the Category of Chemistry.

List of principals

One can scarcely imagine that from a barbarian 
Could evolve such a thing as our worthy librarian.
With his youth (like St.Paul) he has dropped childish things,
And now studies the actions and motives of kings.
He won't listen to football, to cricket, to fistics,
But delights in psychology, dates and statistics

Ho! clear the way, each boy and teacher,
For our hustling, bustling, fighting preacher,
As he dashes along in his Overland Willy,
Scattering the crowds and knocking them silly.
As a special P.C. see him flourish the baton.
Don't speak in his class or you'll promptly be sat on.
What chance had there been for the great Pimpernel
Had Baroness Orczy but known our Upsdell?

Facilities

Since the 2000s, with hold-up from the Education and Manpower Bureau and the Architectural Services Department, all the floors in the old wing were re-laid and the classrooms have been rewired. A central air-conditioning system was installed in the school hall. Every teacher's desk in all the staff rooms was endowed with a desktop computer and a digital display board was placed close to the doorway of the school. More contemporary and brighter lighting, together with fans, was installed in the covered playground, likewise the gymnasium.

Society & organization

Orchestra

King's College now have 3 orchestras, which are School Orchestra, Chinese Orchestra and Harmonica Band.

Chairmen of School Orchestra

Chairmen of Chinese orchestra

Chairmen of harmonica band

School song

Welsh rhythm "Men of Harlech" Welsh march, words by Mr. Jasper (History Teacher'50)^[21]

Lyrics

Publications

College's magazine

King's College had its own magazine before the war with a reproduction of a drawing of the main entrance to the school on the cover. The latest number before war is the December 1939 issue. The greater part of the work was done by a capable little group of senior boys who formed themselves into a magazine committee.

During the war all normal activities ceased. King's College Magazine was revived and repoduced in 1951 since the school was rehabilitated that the former Principal, Mr F. K. Leung, and the staff decided that it was time King's once again had its own magazine.

• The Fig Tree – school magazine

Newspaper

• The Bridge – school newspaper

King's Spring

• King's Spring – web-based collection of students' literary works

House system

The purpose of the House System in King's College is two-fold.On the one hand, it give honour to the men who help to make history at King's College;on the other hand, it serves to introduce healthy competition in sports, in the acquisition of academic honours and in promoting interest in all school activities.

Early time, there were only four houses, North, South, East and West, each with a house master and two assistant house masters. On admission, boys were attached to a house to which they belonged for the whole of their school life in King's. The houses competed for the house shield, which was awarded twice a year on the basis of total points earned by the members of each house for games, school work and general conduct.

During the Japanese occupation, all the activities of the school ceased. It was not until 1950 that the school was re-habilitated.Since then, the school has continued the House System of pre-war days;but instead of calling them North, South, East and West, they are named after four former principals – Morris Kay, Wallington and Ferguson. The other two, School House and Sargison House, were started in 1959 and 1960 respectively. And since 1956,metal badges bearing the House colours have been introduced as part of the school uniform in order to strengthen House consciousness. The Houses participate in various school activities including the Annual Athletic Meet, Swimming Gala, ball games competitions,etc.

● Ferguson House

● Kay House

● Morris House

● Sargison House

● School House

● Wallington House

The Annual Athletic Meet and the Swimming Gala, in particular, have aroused keen competition among the Houses. Each competitor wears his distinctive House colour vest and the House members sit in separate columns in the stadium so that there is plenty of enthusiastic cheering.Co-operation,enthusiasm,sportsmanship and obedience are the virtues of Houses members. These are finely displayed during the annual sports day. Victory or defeat means very little to the competitions. After all, activities and competitions would only help to improve the relationship among House members.

Prefect body

Former head prefects

Student Union

Established in 1991, Student Union is responsible to organize different activities and provide welfare for students.

List of notable alumni

Old boys of King's College in Hong Kong, known as Old Kingsians.

Alumni of King's include The third and incumbent HK senior judge and politician Simon Li ; HK industrialist and politician Sir Sze-yuen Chung; Chief Executive of the Executive Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Leung Chun Ying; Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury in the Government of Hong Kong KC Chan;The last Commissioner of the Royal Hong Kong Police Hui Ki On; The "father of rehabilitation" in Asia Sir Harry Fang;The Vice-Chancellor of the Chinese University of Hong Kong from 1978 to 1987, founder of Shaw College Ma Lin; Wolf Prize winner Ching W. Tang; Hong Kong media mogul George Ho; Career civil servant of Hong Kong Harnam Singh Grewal; President of Tencent Martin Lau; The creator of Hang Seng Index Stanley Kwan.

See also

• King's College Harmonica Band
• Education in Hong Kong
• List of buildings and structures in Hong Kong
• list of schools in Hong Kong

References

Hong Kong Government Report (before war)

• Public Work 1925
• Education Report 1926 (1)
• Education Report 1926 (2)
• General Report 1927
• Public Work 1927

Historical record

External links

Coordinates: 22°17′04″N 114°08′25″E / 22.28444°N 114.14028°E / 22.28444; 114.14028

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