Khalil Khasmammadov

Khalil Bey Khasmammadov
Xəlil bəy Xasməmmədov
Minister of Internal Affairs of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR)
In office
December 26, 1918 – June 16, 1919
President Fatali Khan Khoyski (Chairman of Azerbaijani Parliament)
Preceded by Behbud Khan Javanshir
Succeeded by Nasib Yusifbeyli
Minister of Justice of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR)
In office
December 24, 1919 – April 1, 1920
Preceded by Aslan bey Safikurdski
Succeeded by office terminated
In office
May 28, 1918 – June 17, 1918
Preceded by office established
Succeeded by Aslan bey Safikurdski
Personal details
Born 1875 (1875)
Ganja, Elisabethpol Governorate
Died 1947 (1948) (aged 72)
Istanbul, Turkey
Religion Islam

Khalil bey Khasmammadov (Azerbaijani: Xəlil bəy Xasməmmədov; 1875–1947) was an Azerbaijani public figure, politician and diplomat. He served as a Member of the First and Second State Duma of the Russian Empire, Minister of Internal Affairs and Minister of Justice of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, and as the first Ambassador of Azerbaijan to Ottoman Turkey.

Early life

Khasmammadov was born to a family of lawyers in Elisavetpol (Ganja) in 1875. He had four brothers. Khasmammadov graduated from Moscow State University with a degree in Law. His political activity started during the university years when he was a member of Muslim-Caucasus Fellow Countrymen Society. He then worked as an attorney in Yekaterinodar and Ganja district courts.[1]

Political career

In the fall of 1905, together with his brother Alakbar, Khasmammadov participated in the establishment of Difai (Defense), a clandestine political association in Ganja. The group, which also included intellectuals such as Nasib Yusifbeyli, Ismayil Ziyadkhanov, and Ahmed Bey Aghayev, sought to counter the activity of Armenian Revolutionary Federation.[2]

Khalil Bey Khasmamedov (seated right) with a group of deputies of the II State Duma Muslims. 1907

Khasmammadov was a member of the first and second Russian Duma.[3] Along with five other Azerbaijani deputies,[4] in November 1911, he spoke in the Duma against a discriminatory practice of exempting Azeris and other Caucasian Muslims from military service in Russian Imperial forces, while levying them with a special tax.[5] As a member of Musavat Party, he was also closely involved with Azerbaijani national movement for autonomy within Russian Empire.[3]

Khasmammadov has also been active during establishment of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in 1918. He was a member of Azerbaijani National Council and one of the co-signers of declaration of independence of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in Tiflis on May 28, 1918.[4][6][7]

During the ADR period, Khasmammadov held ministerial posts in four of the five cabinets of Azerbaijani government.[3] Khasmammadov served as the first Minister of Justice from May 28, 1918 until June 17, 1918; Minister of Internal Affairs from December 26, 1918 through June 16, 1919; and again Minister of Justice from December 24, 1919[8] until April 1, 1920, the end of 5th cabinet.[9] He secured the cooperation of Defense, National Security and Internal Affairs ministries to face of external challenges against statehood.

In the beginning of April 1920, Khasmammadov was appointed ADR's ambassador to Turkey, and upon his arrival to Istanbul, ADR government fell to Bolsheviks. He stayed in Turkey for the rest of his life and died in 1947. He was buried in Feriköy cemetery.[10]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Tənha Cümhuriyyətçi…". 2010-05-24. Retrieved 2011-02-01.
  2. ↑ Swietochowski, Tadeusz (1995). Russia and Azerbaijan: A borderland in transition. Columbia University Press. p. 40. ISBN 0-231-07068-3.
  3. 1 2 3 "Information on Musavat". Retrieved 2011-01-25.
  4. 1 2 "OUR INDEPENDENT STATE AND PARLIANENT: 87 YEARS AGO AND TODAY". Retrieved 2011-02-01.
  5. ↑ Uyama, Tomohiko (2007). Empire, Islam, and Politics in Central Eurasia. Slavic Research Center, Hokkaido University. p. 52. ISBN 4-938637-42-1.
  6. ↑ "İSTİQLAL BƏYANNAMƏSİNİN QƏBUL EDİLMƏSİ VƏ AZƏRBAYCAN XALQ CÜMHURİYYƏTİNİN YARANMASI". Retrieved 2011-02-01.
  7. ↑ "People's Republic of Azerbaijan (May 1918 - April 1920)". Retrieved 2011-02-01.
  8. ↑ Watt, Donald Cameron; Bourne, Kenneth; Great Britain Foreign Office (1984). British documents on foreign affairs: reports and papers from the Foreign Office confidential print. From the First to the Second World War. the Soviet Union, 1917-1939. University Publications of America. p. 3. ISBN 0-89093-601-3.
  9. ↑ "Ministry of Internal Affairs of Azerbaijan. Historic background of the MIA". Retrieved 2011-02-01.
  10. ↑ "AZƏRBAYCAN ƏDLİYYƏSİNİN TARİXİ MUZEYİ" [Museum of Ministry of Justice of Azerbaijan]. Retrieved 2011-02-01.
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