Khaled Hosseini

Khaled Hosseini
Khaled Hosseini at the White House
Native name	خالد حسینی
Born	Khaled Hosseini (1965-03-04) March 4, 1965 Kabul, Afghanistan
Occupation	Novelist, physician
Language	English
Citizenship	United States
Period	2003 – present
Genre	Fiction
Notable works	The Kite Runner A Thousand Splendid Suns And the Mountains Echoed
Spouse	Roya Hosseini
Khaled Hosseini's voice Recorded February 2014 from the BBC Radio 4 programme Bookclub
Website
www.khaledhosseini.com

Khaled Hosseini (Persian: خالد حسینی‎‎ [ˈxɒled hoˈsejni]; /ˈhɑːlɛd hoʊˈseɪni/;^[1] born March 4, 1965) is an Afghan-born American novelist and physician.^[2][3] After graduating from college, he worked as a doctor in California, an occupation that he likened to "an arranged marriage".^[4] He has published three novels, most notably his 2003 debut The Kite Runner, all of which are at least partially set in Afghanistan and feature an Afghan as the protagonist. Following the success of The Kite Runner he retired from medicine to write full-time.

Hosseini was born in Kabul, Afghanistan. His father worked as a diplomat, and when Hosseini was 11 years old, the family moved to France; four years later, they applied for asylum in the United States, where he later became a citizen. Hosseini did not return to Afghanistan until 2001 at the age of 36, where he "felt like a tourist in [his] own country". In interviews about the experience, he admitted to sometimes feeling survivor's guilt for having been able to leave the country before the Soviet invasion and subsequent wars.

All three of his novels became bestsellers: The Kite Runner spent 101 weeks on the The New York Times Best Seller list, four of them at number one.^[5] A Thousand Splendid Suns (2007) was a Times Best Seller for 103 weeks, 15 at number one.^[6][7] And the Mountains Echoed (2013) debuted near the top of the Times list^[8] and remained on it for 33 weeks until January 2014.^[9]

Biography

Early life

Hosseini was born on March 4, 1965 in Kabul, Afghanistan, the oldest of five children.^[10] His father, Nasser, was a moderate Muslim who worked as a diplomat for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Kabul while his mother worked as a Persian language teacher at a girls high school, both originate from Herat.^[10] Regarding his ethnicity, Hosseini stated, "I'm not pure anything ... There's a Pashtun part of me, a Tajik part of me."^[11] His mother's family is believed to be from the Mohammadzai tribe of Pashtuns.^[12] Hosseini describes his upbringing as privileged. He spent eight years of his childhood in the middle class of Wazir Akbar Khan neighborhood in Kabul.^[10][11][13] Hosseini does not recall his sister, Raya, ever suffering discrimination for being female.^[13] Kabul itself was "a growing, thriving, cosmopolitan city" where he regularly flew kites with a number of cousins.^[14]

In 1970, Hosseini and his family moved to Iran where his father worked for the Embassy of Afghanistan in Tehran. In 1973, Hosseini's family returned to Kabul, and Hosseini's youngest brother was born in July of that year. In 1976, when Hosseini was 11 years old, his father secured a job in Paris, France, and moved the family there.^[15] They were unable to return to Afghanistan because of the April 1978 Saur Revolution in which the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) seized power. In 1980, shortly after the start of the Soviet war in Afghanistan, they sought political asylum in the United States and made their residence in San Jose, California. Hosseini, then aged 15, did not speak English when he first arrived in the United States. He describes the experience as "a culture shock" and "very alienating".^[15]

Despite their distance from the country's turmoil, the family was aware of the situations faced by a number of their friends and relatives. Hosseini explained:

"We had a lot of family and friends in Kabul. And the communist coup, as opposed to the coup that happened in '73, was actually very violent. A lot of people rounded up and executed, a lot of people were imprisoned. Virtually anybody that was affiliated or associated with the previous regime or the royal family was persecuted, imprisoned, killed, rounded up, or disappeared. And so we would hear news of friends and acquaintances and occasionally family members to whom that had happened, that were either in prison or worse, had just disappeared and nobody knew where they were, and some of them never turned up. My wife's uncle was a very famous singer and composer in Kabul who had been quite vocal about his dislike for the communists and so on and he disappeared. And to this day, we have no idea what happened to him. So that sort of thing, we began to hear news over in Europe of mass executions and really just horror stories. So it was surreal, and it also really kind of hit home in a very real way."^[10]

Career

Hosseini graduated from Independence High School in San Jose in 1984 and enrolled at Santa Clara University, where he earned a bachelor's degree in biology in 1988. The following year, he entered the University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, where he earned his M.D. in 1993. He completed his residency in internal medicine at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles in 1996. He practiced medicine for over ten years, until a year and a half after the release of The Kite Runner.

Hosseini is currently a Goodwill Envoy for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).^[16] He has been working to provide humanitarian assistance in Afghanistan through the Khaled Hosseini Foundation. The concept for the foundation was inspired by the trip to Afghanistan that Hosseini made in 2007 with UNHCR.

He lives in Northern California with his wife, Roya, and their two children (Haris and Farah). ^[17]

Influences

Khaled Hosseini with actors from The Kite Runner, Bahram and Elham Ehsas.

When Khaled Hosseini was a child, he read a great deal of Persian poetry, especially the poems of sufis such as Rumi, Hafez, Omar Khayyám, Abdul-Qādir Bēdil, and others. He now calls the collected poems of Hafez, the Divan-e-Hafez, his favourite book. He also cites a Persian translation of Jack London's White Fang as a key influence on his youthful imagination,^[18][19] as well as Persian translations of novels ranging from Alice in Wonderland to Mickey Spillane's Mike Hammer series. He has cited Afghan singer Ahmad Zahir as a key musical influence. He chose songs by Zahir as his two Inheritance Tracks for BBC Radio 4's Saturday Live, Madar and Aye Padesha Khuban (the latter using words from a poem by the Persian poet Hafez) and two for WNYC's Soundcheck show. On Saturday Live he called Zahir "the Afghan Elvis" and said his music is "one of the seminal memories of my time in Afghanistan".^[20][21][22]

Hosseini's "very fond memories of [his] childhood" in peaceful pre-Soviet era Afghanistan,^[23] as well as his personal experiences with Afghanistan's Hazara people led to the writing of his first novel, The Kite Runner. One Hazara man, named Hossein Khan, worked for the Hosseinis when they were living in Iran. When Khaled Hosseini was in third grade, he taught Khan to read and write. Although his relationship with Hossein Khan was brief and rather formal, Hosseini's fond memories of this relationship served as an inspiration for the relationship between Hassan and Amir in The Kite Runner. In his 2013 novel, And The Mountains Echoed Hosseini draws on influences he gained while his family lived in exile in Paris^[24] as well his experiences with children in Afghanistan.

Novels

In 2003, Hosseini released his first novel, The Kite Runner, the story of a young boy, Amir, struggling to establish a closer rapport with his father and coping with memories of a haunting childhood event. The novel is set in Afghanistan, from the fall of the monarchy until the collapse of the Taliban regime, and in the San Francisco Bay Area, specifically in Fremont, California. Its many themes include ethnic tensions between the Hazaras and the Pashtuns in Afghanistan, and the immigrant experiences of Amir and his father in the United States. The novel was the number three best seller for 2005 in the United States, according to Nielsen BookScan.^[25] The Kite Runner was also produced as an audiobook read by the author. The Kite Runner has been adapted into a film of the same name released in December 2007. Hosseini made a cameo appearance towards the end of the movie as a bystander when Amir buys a kite which he later flies with Sohrab.

Hosseini's second novel, A Thousand Splendid Suns, was published in 2007, and is also set in Afghanistan. The story addresses many of the same issues as Hosseini's first, but takes a more feminine perspective. It follows the story of two women, Mariam and Laila, whose lives become entwined. The story is set during Afghanistan's tumultuous thirty-year transition from Soviet occupation to Taliban control and post-Taliban rebuilding. The novel was released by Riverhead Books on May 22, 2007, at the same time as the Simon & Schuster audiobook. Movie rights have been acquired by producer Scott Rudin and Columbia Pictures.^[26]

Hosseini's third novel And the Mountains Echoed was released on May 21, 2013. Prior to its release, Hosseini said:

"I am forever drawn to family as a recurring central theme of my writing. My earlier novels were at heart tales of fatherhood and motherhood. My new novel is a multi-generational family story as well, this time revolving around brothers and sisters, and the ways in which they love, wound, betray, honor, and sacrifice for each other. I am thrilled at the chance to share this book with my readers."^[27]

Bibliography

• The Kite Runner (2003)
• A Thousand Splendid Suns (2007)
• And the Mountains Echoed (2013)

See also

• List of best-selling fiction authors

References

External links

Wikiquote has quotations related to: Khaled Hosseini

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Khaled Hosseini.

• Official website of Khaled Hosseini
• Official website of The Khaled Hosseini Foundation
• Appearances on C-SPAN
• Khaled Hosseini collected news and commentary at Al Jazeera English
• Khaled Hosseini collected news and commentary at The Guardian
• Khaled Hosseini collected news and commentary at The New York Times
• Works by or about Khaled Hosseini in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
• Khaled Hosseini at Bloomsbury Publishing
• "The Kite Runner Author Returns Home, Lev Grossman, Time, 17 May 2007