Kansas's 1st congressional district

Kansas's 1st congressional district
Kansas's 1st congressional district - since January 3, 2013.
Current Representative		Tim Huelskamp (R–Fowler)
Population (2010)	725,222[1]
Median income	$45,540
Ethnicity	88.7% White
Cook PVI	R+22[2]

Kansas's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Kansas. Commonly known as "The Big First," the district encompasses 63 counties in western and northern Kansas (more than half of the state), making it the 12th largest congressional district in the nation.^[3] Located within the district are Manhattan, Salina, Dodge City, Emporia, Garden City, Hays and Hutchinson. The district is currently represented by Republican Tim Huelskamp who was originally elected in 2010 to succeed fellow Republican Jerry Moran who ran successfully for the U.S. Senate seat formerly held by now Governor Sam Brownback.

A characteristically rural district, the 1st is one of the most conservative districts in the nation. Republicans dominate every level of government, often winning by well over 70 percent of the vote on the occasions they face any opposition at all. Spilling across two time zones and parts of three television markets, it extremely difficult to campaign in and has few unifying influences. However, due to its size, its congressman is usually reckoned as a statewide political figure, with a very good chance of winning statewide office in the future. Three of the district's four congressmen preceding current representative Tim Huelskamp ascended to the Senate – Moran, Bob Dole and Pat Roberts.

History

Kansas had a single representative in the U.S. House of Representatives until after the 1870 U.S. Census, which showed that the state was entitled to three members of the lower branch of the national legislature. In 1872 three representatives-at-large were elected, but by the act of March 2, 1874, the legislature divided the state into three districts. The 1st Congressional District was composed of the counties of Leavenworth, Doniphan, Brown, Nemaha, Marshall, Washington, Republic, Jewell, Smith, Phillips, Norton, Graham, Rooks, Osborne, Mitchell, Cloud, Clay, Ottawa, Ellis, Ellsworth, Russell, Saline, Dickinson, Lincoln, Riley, Pottawatomie, Jackson, Jefferson, Atchison, Davis (Geary), "and all that territory lying north of the second standard parallel."

No changes were made in until after the 1880 U.S. census, which gave the state seven representatives. On March 5, 1883, Governor George Washington Glick approved an act of the legislature which reduced the 1st Congressional District to only include the counties of Nemaha, Brown, Doniphan, Pottawatomie, Jackson, Atchison, Jefferson and Leavenworth. The apportionment was amended by the act of March 13, 1897, which placed Shawnee County in the 1st Congressional District and Pottawatomie County in the 4th Congressional District.

Although the 1890 U.S. Census showed the population of Kansas to be large enough to entitle the state to eight representatives, no additional district was created until 1905. By the act of March 9, 1905, the state was divided into eight districts with the 1st Congressional District being composed of the counties of Nemaha, Brown, Doniphan, Jackson, Atchison, Jefferson, Leavenworth and Shawnee.^[4]

The state's current districting dates from the 1990 U.S. Census, when Kansas was reduced from five districts to four. The 1st District has continued to grow in size since that time, due to the state's population shifts to the eastern side of the state bordering Missouri. The current borders were established in 2012 by a panel of three federal judges, after the Kansas Legislature failed to pass new district maps.^[5]

Demographics

2000 census demographics

Following redistricting after the U.S. Census in 2000,^[6] there were 672,091 people, 260,490 households, and 177,858 families residing in the district. The population density was 11.7/mi² over a land area of 57,373 square miles (roughly the same size as the state of Illinois). There were 292,436 housing units at an average density of 5.1/mi². The racial makeup of the district is 89.02% White, 2.14% Black or African American, 0.95% Asian, 0.52% Native American, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 5.62% from other races, and 1.70% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.85% of the population.

There were 260,490 households out of which 34.52% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.30% were married couples living together, 7.65% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.72% were non-families. 27.58% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.75% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the district the population distribution by age was 26.46% under the age of 18, 9.50% from 18 to 24, 26.27% from 25 to 44, 21.41% from 45 to 64, and 16.36% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.9 years. For every 100 females there were 98.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.80 males.

The median income for a household in the district is $34,869, and the median income for a family was $42,292. Males had a median income of $29,662 versus $20,851 for females. The per capita income for the district was $17,255. About 7.8% of families and 11.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.4% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over.

Among the population aged 16 years and older, 65.1% was in the civilian labor force and 0.4% were in the armed forces. Of the employed civilian workers, 16.3% were government workers and 11.4% were self-employed. Management, professional, and related occupations employed 29.4% of the work force and sales and office occupations an additional 23.4%. Only 2.7% were employed in farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. The largest employment by industry was: educational, health and social services, 22.7%; manufacturing, 13.8%; retail trade, 11.7%; and agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining, 10.1%.

List of representatives

Congress	Representative	Term	Party	Residence	Notes
District created		March 4, 1875
44th	William A. Phillips	March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1879	Republican	Salina	Redistricted from the At-large district
45th
46th	John A. Anderson	March 4, 1879 – March 3, 1885	Republican	Manhattan	Redistricted to the 5th district
47th
48th
49th	Edmund N. Morrill	March 4, 1885 – March 3, 1891	Republican	Hiawatha	Redistricted from the At-large district
50th
51st
52nd	Case Broderick	March 4, 1891 – March 3, 1899	Republican	Holton	Unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1898
53rd
54th
55th
56th	Charles Curtis	March 4, 1899 – January 28, 1907	Republican	Topeka	Redistricted from the 4th district, Resigned after being elected to the US Senate
57th
58th
59th
60th	Daniel R. Anthony, Jr.	May 23, 1907 – March 3, 1929	Republican	Leavenworth	Retired
61st
62nd
63rd
64th
65th
66th
67th
68th
69th
70th
71st	William Lambertson	March 4, 1929 – January 3, 1945	Republican	Fairview	Defeated for renomination in 1946
72nd
73rd
74th
75th
76th
77th
78th
79th	Albert M. Cole	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1953	Republican	Holton	Unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1952
80th
81st
82nd
83rd	Howard S. Miller	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955	Democratic	Morrill	Unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1954, and for election to the U.S. House in 1956
84th	William H. Avery	January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1963	Republican	Wakefield	Redistricted to the 2nd district
85th
86th
87th
88th	Bob Dole	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1969	Republican	Russell	Redistricted from the 6th district elected to the Senate
89th
90th
92nd	Keith Sebelius	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1981	Republican	Norton	Retired
92nd
93rd
94th
95th
96th
97th	Pat Roberts	January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1997	Republican	Dodge City	Elected to the Senate
98th
99th
100th
101st
102nd
103rd
104th
105th	Jerry Moran	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2011	Republican	Hays	Elected to the Senate
106th
107th
108th
109th
110th
111th
112th	Tim Huelskamp	January 3, 2011 – present	Republican	Fowler	Incumbent
113th
114th

Recent Election Results

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

Historical district boundaries

2003 - 2013

See also

• Kansas's congressional districts
• List of United States congressional districts

References

1. ↑ http://www.census.gov/fastfacts/
2. ↑ "Partisan Voting Index Districts of the 113th Congress: 2004 & 2008" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. 2012. Retrieved 2013-01-10. 
3. ↑ http://www.centerforpolitics.org/crystalball/articles/size-matters/
4. ↑ Frank W. Blackmar, ed. (1912). "Congressional Districts". Kansas: a cyclopedia of state history, embracing events, institutions, industries, counties, cities, towns, prominent persons, etc ... I. Chicago: Standard Pub Co. pp. 400–401. 
5. ↑ http://www2.ljworld.com/news/2012/jun/08/lawrence-placed-entirely-2nd-district-under-congre/
6. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 

• Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. 
• Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. 
• Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

Coordinates: 38°37′01″N 95°16′24″W / 38.61687°N 95.27344°W / 38.61687; -95.27344