Kalaniʻōpuʻu

Kalaniʻōpuʻu-a-Kaiamamao (c. 1729 – April 1782) was a Hawaiian monarch, the 6th Aliʻi (chief) of Kohala, 4th Aliʻi of the Kona district and 2nd Aliʻi of the Kaʻū district on the island of Hawaiʻi. He was called Terreeoboo, King of Owhyhee by James Cook and other Europeans. His name has also been written as Kaleiopuu.

Biography

He was born around 1729 as the son of Kalaninuiamamao and his wife Kamākaʻimoku. He died at Kāʻilikiʻi, Waioʻahukini, Kaʻū, in April 1782.

A feathered cloak associated with Kalaniʻōpuʻu, on display at the de Young Museum in San Francisco

He was the king of the island during the times Captain James Cook came to Hawaiʻi and went aboard his ship on 26 November 1778.^[2] After Cook anchored at Kealakekua Bay in January 1779, Kalaniʻōpuʻu-a-Kaiamamao paid a ceremonial visit on 26 January 1779 and exchanged gifts including a ʻahuʻula (feathered cloak)^[3] and Mahiole (ceremonial helmet),^[4] since it was during the Makahiki season. Cook's ships returned on 11 February to repair storm damage. This time relations were not as good, resulting in a violent struggle and Cook's death.

He was succeeded by his son, Kīwalaʻō, as king of Hawaiʻi island; and his nephew, Kamehameha I, who was given guardianship of Kū-ka-ili-moku, the god of war. His nephew would eventually overthrow his son at the battle of Mokuʻōhai. The island of Hawaiʻi was then effectively divided into three parts: his nephew Kamehameha ruled the western districts, his younger son Keōua Kuahuula controlled Kaʻū, and his brother Keawemauhili controlled Hilo.

See also

• Kidnapping of Kalaniʻōpuʻu by Captain James Cook

References