July 1965

The following events occurred in July 1965:

July 1, 1965 (Thursday)

• The U.S. Army combines the 11th Air Assault Division (Test) with the 2nd Infantry Division to form the 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile), a unique division that includes three airborne-qualified battalions and several battalions of helicopters which are integral to its combat elements, allowing it to engage in helicopter assault operations.^[1]
• The Greek liberty ship SS Thrasyvoulos sinks in the Arabian Sea off Abd al Kuri, South Yemen. The crew abandon ship and land on the island; their distress calls are answered by RAF Shackleton aircraft and HMS Zulu ( Royal Navy).^[2]
• Continental Airlines Flight 12, a Boeing 707-124 with 66 people on board, overruns the runway while landing at Kansas City Downtown Airport in Kansas City, Missouri, and breaks into three pieces. There are no fatalities.
• Born: Tito Beltrán, Chilean opera singer, in Punta Arenas
• Died: Wally Hammond, 62, English international cricketer (heart attack)^[3]

July 2, 1965 (Friday)

• Diplomatic relations are officially established between Greece and Nicaragua.
• In the Wimbledon Men's Singles final, Roy Emerson defeats Fred Stolle 6–2, 6–4, 6–4.^[4]
• In Ramsgate, Kent, UK, one of the two-car yellow trains on the Tunnel Railway goes out of control while approaching the lower terminus and runs off the end of the rails before smashing into a building. The driver, 74-year-old Ernest Brown, is trapped in the cab and suffered pelvic injuries, while a number of passengers suffer minor injuries.^[5] As a result, the owners decided to close down the attraction at the end of the season.

July 3, 1965 (Saturday)

• "The Meddling Monk" becomes the first Time Lord (other than the Doctor and Susan) to make an appearance in the British sci-fi serial, Doctor Who.^[6]
• Born: Connie Nielsen, Danish actress, in Frederikshavn

July 4, 1965 (Sunday)

• Dr Martin Luther King, Jr. delivers an address entitled "The American Dream" at Ebenezer Baptist Church, Atlanta, Georgia.^[7]
• Born: Constanze Moser-Scandolo, German speed skater, in Weimar

July 5, 1965 (Monday)

• Maria Callas gives her last operatic performance, as Tosca at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden.

July 6, 1965 (Tuesday)

• George McIlraith leaves office as President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada, to take up his new position as Minister of Public Works, and is replaced by Guy Favreau.
• A Handley Page Hastings C1A of the Royal Air Force's No. 36 Squadron crashes at Little Baldon, Oxfordshire, England, just after takeoff from RAF Abingdon, killing all 41 men on board.

July 7, 1965 (Wednesday)

• McDonnell Aircraft completes its 1,000th F-4 Phantom II.^[8]
• Died: Moshe Sharett, 70, Ukrainian-born politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Israel

July 8, 1965 (Thursday)

• A bomb explodes in a rear lavatory aboard Canadian Pacific Air Lines Flight 21, a Douglas DC-6B, in mid-air over British Columbia, Canada, blowing the tail section off. The aircraft crashes, killing all 52 people on board. The bomber is never identified.
• Jim Morrison runs into former UCLA classmate Ray Manzarek in Venice Beach, California, at approximately 1:00 P.M. local time. After hearing some of Morrison's songs, Manzarek agrees to form The Doors with him.^[9]
• Bill Moyers becomes acting White House press secretary.^[10]
• Ongoing protests against white supremacy in Bogalusa, Louisiana result in violence.^[10][11]
• Died: Gunamudian David Boaz, 57, the first Indian psychologist^[12]

July 9, 1965 (Friday)

• Pope Paul VI appoints Adolph Marx the first Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Brownsville, in Brownsville, Texas, US.^[13]
• The release of the Tamil musical film Aayirathil Oruvan marks the end of the composing partnership between T. K. Ramamoorthy and M. S. Viswanathan.
• Mass demonstrations in Guayaquil, Ecuador lead to days of violent conflict with police and military.^[10][14]
• Born: Luis Pereyra, Argentine tango dancer and choreographer, in Santiago del Estero

July 10, 1965 (Saturday)

• Two F-4C Phantom II fighters of the 45th Tactical Fighter Squadron shoot down two MiG-17 (NATO reporting name "Fresco") fighters over North Vietnam, scoring the U.S. Air Force's first aerial victories of the Vietnam War.^[15]
• A Skyways Coach-Air Avro 748-101 Series 1 lands heavily on a grass runway at Lympne Airport, Kent, England, digs in its nose wheel, overturns, and crashes, losing both wings and its starboard tailplane. All 52 people on board survive, although at least three are injured.

July 11, 1965 (Sunday)

• A U.S. Air Force 551st Airborne Early Warning and Control Wing EC-121H Warning Star crashes in the Atlantic Ocean off Nantucket, Massachusetts, killing 16 of the 19-man crew.
• Born: Ernesto Hoost, Dutch kickboxer, in Heemskerk

July 12, 1965 (Monday)

• Born: Sanjay Manjrekar, Indian international cricketer, in Mangalore

July 13, 1965 (Tuesday)

• The T-class submarine HMS Tiptoe collides with HMS Yarmouth ( Royal Navy) in the English Channel 10 nautical miles (19 km) south of Portland Bill, Dorset.
• Leonard H. Marks named director of the United States Information Agency.^[10][16]

July 14, 1965 (Wednesday)

• U.S. spacecraft Mariner 4 flies by Mars, becoming the first spacecraft to return images from the Red Planet.
• The Tour de France ends, won by Felice Gimondi of Italy.
• Died: Adlai Stevenson II, 65, US politician (heart failure)^[17]

July 15, 1965 (Thursday)

• Apostasia of 1965: Greek Prime minister Georgios Papandreou and his government are dismissed by King Constantine II.
• Born: David Miliband, British politician, in London

July 16, 1965 (Friday)

• The Mont Blanc Tunnel is inaugurated by presidents Giuseppe Saragat and Charles de Gaulle.
• The word "Powellism" is used by Iain Macleod, writing in The Spectator, to describe right-wing Tory Enoch Powell's views on economics. It comes to be used in a wider sense as Powell becomes a controversial figure in British politics.^[18]
• USSR launches Proton 1 satellite.^[10][19]

July 17, 1965 (Saturday)

• The second North American XB-70 Valkyrie prototype, XB-70A-2-NA 62-0207, makes its maiden flight between Air Force Plant 42 and Edwards Air Force Base.^[20]
• Born: Alex Winter, US actor, in London, England, to American and Australian parents

July 18, 1965 (Sunday)

• The first All-Africa Games open in Brazzaville, Congo.
• Beginning of a 3-day period of extreme weather in Australia. Snow is recorded as far north as the Clark Range in Queensland, killing drought-weakened livestock. At the same time, extremely heavy rainfall in the North Coast turns drought into flood, Brisbane having its wettest-ever July day with 193.2 millimetres (7.6 in).

July 19, 1965 (Monday)

• Vietnam War: The US Army Special Forces camp at Bu Dop, about 100 miles north of Saigon, comes under attack by the Viet Cong. Air strikes by two F-100s of the 481st Tactical Fighter Squadron were credited with "probably saving the camp that night".^[21]
• Born: Evelyn Glennie, Scottish percussionist, in Aberdeenshire

July 20, 1965 (Tuesday)

• British cargo ship SS Napier runs aground off Bahia Potrero, Uruguay. It is eventually refloated on 18 August but declared a constructive total loss, and is scrapped a few months later.

July 21, 1965 (Wednesday)

• The National Congress of Fiji calls a meeting of Fijian and European members of the Legislative Council, with the eventual intention of forming a new political party under Kamisese Mara.

July 22, 1965 (Thursday)

• Sir Alec Douglas-Home suddenly resigns as a head of the British Conservative Party.^[22]

July 23, 1965 (Friday)

• Pope Paul VI establishes the Roman Catholic Diocese of Los Teques.
• The 1965 World Archery Championships conclude in Sweden.^[23]
• The U.S. Coinage Act of 1965 is signed into law, reducing silver content in half dollars from 90% to 40%, and eliminating silver from dimes and quarters.^[10][24]

July 24, 1965 (Saturday)

• Vietnam War: Four F-4C Phantoms escorting a bombing raid at Kang Chi are targeted by antiaircraft missiles, in the first such attack against American planes in the war. One is shot down and the other 3 sustain damage.
• Freddie Mills, British former boxing champion, is found shot in the head in his car, parked in a cul-de-sac behind his nightclub in Longon; he dies in hospital the following day. An inquest later rules that he had committed suicide.^[25]

July 25, 1965 (Sunday)

• Bob Dylan elicits controversy among folk purists by "going electric" at the Newport Folk Festival.

July 26, 1965 (Monday)

• The Maldives receive full independence from Great Britain.
• Australian TV station SAS broadcasts for the first time.^[26]

July 27, 1965 (Tuesday)

• Edward Heath becomes Leader of the British Conservative Party.
• American aircraft strike a surface-to-air missile site for the first time, attacking an SA-2 Guideline site in North Vietnam.^[27]

July 28, 1965 (Wednesday)

• Vietnam War: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson announces his order to increase the number of United States troops in South Vietnam from 75,000 to 125,000, and to more than double the number of men drafted per month - from 17,000 to 35,000.^[10]

July 29, 1965 (Thursday)

• Vietnam War: The first 4,000 101st Airborne Division paratroopers arrive in Vietnam, landing at Cam Ranh Bay.

July 30, 1965 (Friday)

• War on Poverty: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid.
• Died: Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, 79, Japanese writer

July 31, 1965 (Saturday)

• Born: J. K. Rowling (Joanne Rowling), British novelist, in Yate, Gloucestershire^[28]
• Died: André Godard, 84, French archaeologist and architect

Multiple dates

• Tom Lehrer records That Was The Year That Was at the hungry i nightclub in San Francisco. Songs include "Send The Marines", regarding the recent occupation of the Dominican Republic, and "MLF lullaby", about the proposal to create a Multilateral Force—with nuclear weapons capabilities—which would include West Germany.

References