Joel Allen Battle
| Joel Allen Battle | |
|---|---|
| Nickname(s) | Grandpa, Grand Old Man |
| Born |
September 19, 1811 Davidson County, Tennessee |
| Died |
August 23, 1872 (aged 60) Tennessee |
| Place of burial | Davidson County, Tennessee |
| Allegiance |
.svg.png){kind=small} Confederate States of America |
| Service/branch |
 Confederate States Army |
| Years of service | 1861-1863 C.S.A. |
| Rank |
 Brigadier General |
| Unit |
 20th Tennessee Infantry |
| Battles/wars |
Second Seminole War, American Civil War - Battle of Mill Springs -Battle of Shiloh |
| Other work | slave owner, landowner |
Early life
Joel Allen Battle was born in Davidson County, Tennessee. He became an orphan at an early age, but despite this became a very rich man under the slavery system economics of Tennessee. By 19 years old, he married Sarah Searcy who gave birth to his first son William. Sarah died two years after giving birth.
Military life
Battle, now a widow, raised a company for the Second Seminole War in Cane Ridge. By 1835, Joel Allen Battle was promoted to Brigadier General of the Tennessee State Guard then known as the Tennessee Militia. Battle eventually remarried to Adeline Sanders Mosley, and had 7 children. He was also elected to the Tennessee General Assembly becoming a popular Whig. During April 1861, Joel Battle started an infantry company in Nolensville, Tennessee which he named the Zollicoffer Guards, paying respect to Felix Zollicoffer who he had fought with in the Second Seminole War. The company was amalgamated into the 20th Tennessee Infantry under control of his good friend Felix Zollicoffer, and Battle was now a colonel working directly underneath him. During the Battle of Mill Springs not only was his friend Zollicoffer killed, but also his son Joel jr. was wounded in action. In the Battle of Shiloh, Battle was wounded in battle and lost two of his sons, Joel jr. and William. He was captured looking for the bodies of his sons, William's body was never found and Joel jr. was discovered by a Union burial detail who happened to be classmates of his from Miami University.[1] After capture, the demoralized Battle was brought to Johnson's Island, effectively ending his career in the military.[2]
Political career
After being exchanged, Battle was appointed State treasurer of Tennessee, which he occupied until the end of the Civil War. When his son Frank Battle was captured during the war, he was used as leverage by the Union side to force the return of Captain Shad Harris who was under threat of execution as a spy. Joel Allen Battle relented and the prisoner transfer, which was endorsed by President Lincoln, took place. Battle also had to deal with the arrest and imprisoning of his daughter Fannie along with her friend Harriet Booker in Camp Chase on suspicion of her being a Confederate spy.[3][4] After the war, Battle was appointed superintendent of the State prison which he retained, until his death caused by severe dysentery.[5]
Notes
- ↑ Groom, Winston (2012). Shiloh, 1862. Washington: National Geographic Society. pp. 140–142. ISBN 9781426208799. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
- ↑ Kelly, C. Brian (2000). Best Little Ironies, Oddities, and Mysteries of the Civil War. Nashville: Cumberland House Publishing. pp. 170–171. ISBN 1581821166. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
- ↑ West, Mike (Mar 15, 2009). "The Battle family gave its all for the CSA". Murfreesboro: The Murfreesboro Post. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
- ↑ Frank, Lisa (2013). An Encyclopedia of American Women at War: From the Home Front to the Battlefields. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO Publishing. pp. 70–71. ISBN 1598844431. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
- ↑ Adkins, Ray (2008). One Foggy Morning in Barbourville, Kentucky. Kentucky: Createspace. pp. 14–20. ISBN 1438263384. Retrieved June 6, 2014.