James Hillhouse

James Hillhouse
United States Senator from Connecticut
In office December 6, 1796 – June 10, 1810
Preceded by	Oliver Ellsworth
Succeeded by	Samuel W. Dana
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Connecticut's At-Large district
In office March 4, 1791 – December 5, 1796
Preceded by	Benjamin Huntington
Succeeded by	James Davenport
Member of the Connecticut House of Representatives
In office 1780–1785
Personal details
Born	October 20, 1754 Montville, Connecticut
Died	December 29, 1832(1832-12-29) (aged 78) New Haven, Connecticut
Resting place	Grove Street Cemetery, New Haven, Connecticut
Political party	Federalist
Alma mater	Yale University
Profession	lawyer realtor politician

James Hillhouse (October 20, 1754 – December 29, 1832) was an American lawyer, real estate developer, and politician from New Haven, Connecticut. He represented Connecticut in both the U.S. House and Senate.

Biography

Hillhouse was born in Montville, Connecticut, the son of William Hillhouse and Sarah (Griswold) Hillhouse.^[1] At the age of seven, he was adopted by his childless uncle and aunt, James Abraham and Mary Lucas Hillhouse. He attended the Hopkins Grammar School in New Haven, Connecticut and graduated from Yale College in 1773. At Yale he was a member of the Linonian Society. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1775 and practiced law in New Haven.

Commission for James HIllhouse in the Governor's Foot Guards, June, 1779

During the Revolutionary War, Hillhouse served as captain of the Second Company of the Governor's Foot Guard. During the successful British invasion of New Haven on July 5, 1779, he commanded troops alongside Aaron Burr with Yale student volunteers.^[2]

Career

Hillhouse was a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from 1780 to 1785. He was a member of the Connecticut council of Assistants from 1789 to 1790; and was elected as a United States Congressman from Connecticut at-large for the Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses and served from March 4, 1791, until his resignation in the fall of 1796.^[2]

Elected as a United States Senator on May 12, 1796, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Oliver Ellsworth, Hillhouse was reelected in 1797, 1803, and 1809, and served from December 1796, until June 10, 1810, when he resigned. During the Sixth Congress he was President pro tempore of the Senate.^[3]

In 1803, Hillhouse and several other New England politicians proposed secession of New England from the union due to growing influence of Jeffersonian democrats and the Louisiana Purchase which they felt would further diminish Northern influence. Hillhouse was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1813.^[4] In 1814-10 he was a Connecticut delegate to the Hartford Convention, and treasurer of Yale College from 1782 to 1832.^[5]

Death

Hillhouse made major contributions to the beautification of New Haven.^[5] He was active in the drive to plant the elm trees that gave New Haven the nickname of the Elm City. Hillhouse Avenue and James Hillhouse High School in New Haven are named for him. He died in New Haven on December 29, 1832 (age 78 years, 69 days) and is interred at the Grove Street Cemetery, New Haven, Connecticut.^[6] He was a nephew of Matthew Griswold, and uncle of Thomas Hillhouse.

References

External links

• James Hillhouse at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• James Hillhouse High School website

United States Senators from Connecticut Class 1 Ellsworth Hillhouse Dana Boardman Edwards Foot N. Smith Niles Betts Huntington R.S. Baldwin Toucey Dixon Buckingham Eaton Hawley Bulkeley McLean Walcott Maloney Hart R.E. Baldwin Benton Purtell T. Dodd Weicker Lieberman Murphy Class 3 Johnson Sherman Mitchell Trumbull Tracy Goodrich Daggett Lanman Willey Tomlinson P. Smith Niles T. Smith Gillette Foster Ferry English Barnum Platt Brandegee Bingham Lonergan Danaher McMahon Purtell Bush Ribicoff C. Dodd Blumenthal

Presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate Langdon Lee Langdon Izard H Tazewell Livermore Bingham Bradford Read Sedgwick Laurance Ross Livermore Tracy Howard Hillhouse Baldwin Bradley Brown Franklin Anderson Smith Bradley Milledge Gregg Gaillard Pope Crawford Varnum Gaillard Barbour Gaillard Macon Smith L Tazewell White Poindexter Tyler W R King Southard Mangum Sevier Atchison W R King Atchison Cass Bright Stuart Bright Mason Rusk Fitzpatrick Bright Fitzpatrick Foot Clark Foster Wade Anthony Carpenter Anthony Ferry Thurman Bayard Davis Edmunds Sherman Ingalls Manderson Harris Ransom Harris Frye Office rotated 1911–1913 Bacon Curtis Gallinger Brandegee Lodge Clarke Saulsbury Cummins Moses Pittman W H King Harrison Glass McKellar Vandenberg McKellar Bridges George Hayden Russell Ellender Eastland Magnuson Young Magnuson Thurmond Stennis Byrd Thurmond Byrd Thurmond Byrd Stevens Byrd Inouye Leahy Hatch

Deans of the United States Senate Gunn/Langdon Foster Brown Hillhouse Anderson Gaillard Ruggles King Benton Mangum Pearce Bayard/Foot Foot Wade Sumner Chandler Anthony Edmunds Morrill Allison Hale Frye Cullom Gallinger Lodge Warren Simmons Smoot Borah Smith McKellar George Hayden Russell Ellender Aiken Eastland/McClellan Eastland Magnuson Stennis Thurmond Byrd Inouye Leahy