Isopenicillin N N-acyltransferase

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are phenylacetyl-CoA, isopenicillin N, and H₂O, whereas its 3 products are CoA, penicillin G, and L-2-aminohexanedioate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is acyl-CoA:isopenicillin N N-acyltransferase. Other names in common use include acyl-coenzyme A:isopenicillin N acyltransferase, and isopenicillin N:acyl-CoA: acyltransferase. This enzyme participates in hydrophobic penicillins biosynthesis.

References

Tobin MB, Fleming MD, Skatrud PL, Miller JR (1990). "Molecular characterization of the acyl-coenzyme A:isopenicillin N acyltransferase gene (penDE) from Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus nidulans and activity of recombinant enzyme in Escherichia coli". J. Bacteriol. 172 (10): 5908–14. PMC 526911. PMID 2120195.
Aplin RT, Baldwin JE, Roach PL, Robinson CV, Schofield CJ. "Investigations into the post-translational modification and mechanism of isopenicillin N:acyl-CoA acyltransferase using electrospray mass spectrometry". Biochem. J. 294: 357–63. PMC 1134462. PMID 8396910.

Aplin, Robin T.; Baldwin, Jack E.; Cole, Stephen C.J.; Sutherland, John D.; Tobin, Matthew B. (1993). "On the production of α,β-heterodimeric acyl-coenzyme A: isopenicillin N-acyltransferase of Penicillium chrysogenum". FEBS Letters 319 (1-2): 166–170. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(93)80060-8. ISSN 0014-5793.
Fernández FJ, Gutierrez S, Velasco J, Montenegro E, Marcos AT, Martín JF (August 1994). "Molecular characterization of three loss-of-function mutations in the isopenicillin N-acyltransferase gene (penDE) of Penicillium chrysogenum". Journal of Bacteriology 176 (16): 4941–8. PMC 196331. PMID 7519594. Retrieved 2012-08-23.
ALVAREZ, Emilio; MEESSCHAERT, Boudewijn; MONTENEGRO, Eduardo; GUTIERREZ, Santiago; DIEZ, Bruno; BARREDO, Jose L.; MARTIN, Juan F. (1993). "The isopenicillin-N acyltransferase of Penicillium chrysogenum has isopenicillin-N amidohydrolase, 6-aminopenicillanic acid acyltransferase and penicillin amidase activities, all of which are encoded by the single penDE gene". European Journal of Biochemistry 215 (2): 323–332. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18038.x. ISSN 0014-2956.

Transferases: acyltransferases (EC 2.3)

2.3.1: other than amino-acyl groups	acetyltransferases: Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase N-Acetylglutamate synthase Choline acetyltransferase Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase Beta-galactoside transacetylase Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase N-acetyltransferase Serotonin N-acetyl transferase HGSNAT ARD1A Histone acetyltransferase P300/CBP NAT2 palmitoyltransferases: Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase CPT1 CPT2 Serine C-palmitoyltransferase SPTLC1 SPTLC2 other: Acyltransferase like 2 Aminolevulinic acid synthase Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase Lecithin—cholesterol acyltransferase Glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 2-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase ABHD5

2.3.2: Aminoacyltransferases	Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase Peptidyl transferase Transglutaminase Tissue transglutaminase Keratinocyte transglutaminase Factor XIII

2.3.3: converted into alkyl on transfer	Citrate synthase ATP citrate lyase HMG-CoA synthase Malate synthase

Proteins: enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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Isopenicillin N N-acyltransferase

References

Further reading