Iron Mountain Incorporated

Iron Mountain Incorporated

Type	Public S&P 500 Component
Traded as	NYSE: IRM
Industry	Information storage Enterprise information management
Founded	1951 (1951)
Headquarters	Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Number of locations	1026+
Key people	William Meaney, CEO
Revenue	$3.11 billion in 2014
Number of employees	19,000+
Website	www.ironmountain.com

Iron Mountain Inc., founded in 1951, is an enterprise information management services company, headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Its records management, information destruction and data backup and recovery services are supplied to more than 156,000 customers throughout North America, Europe, Latin America, and Asia.

Iron Mountain is a component of the S&P 500 Index and a member of the FTSE4Good index.

History

An Iron Mountain Truck

Background

The company was started by Herman Knaust, who had made his fortune growing and marketing mushrooms.^[1] In 1936, needing more space to grow his product, he purchased a depleted iron ore mine and 100 acres (0.40 km²) of land in Livingston, New York, for $9,000.^[1] By 1950, the mushroom market had shifted and Knaust was looking for alternative uses for his mine, which he had named "Iron Mountain."

Founding and early years (1951–1970)

Amid widespread Cold War fears, Knaust saw a business opportunity in protecting corporate information from nuclear attack and other disasters.

In 1951 the company, originally known as "Iron Mountain Atomic Storage Corporation", opened its first underground "vaults" and its first sales office in the Empire State Building, about 125 miles (201 km) south.^[2] Iron Mountain's first customer was East River Savings Bank, who brought microfilm copies of deposit records and duplicate signature cards in armored cars for storage in the mountain facility. In 1978, the company opened its first above-ground records-storage facility.

Middle years (1970–2000)

This first iteration of Iron Mountain was bankrupt by the early 1970s and was wholly acquired by Vincent J. Ryan, through his holdings in Schooner Capital Corpation, Boston, Massachusetts. At the time it consisted of the original facility in Livingston, New York, and IMAR (Iron Mountain at Rosendale), a former limestone mine and mushroom cave outside of Kingston, New York. In 1980, it expanded to Rhode Island through the purchase of a former Industrial National Bank (a precursor to FleetBoston) cold site and data tape repository in Glocester, Rhode Island. Though it had many Fortune 500 clients at the time, its revenue was in the $6 million range in the early 1980s. Its breakthrough came in the mid-1980s when it convinced Manufacturer's Hanover Bank to move all its paper records out of Manhattan to the above mentioned above-ground facility, a former strip mall in Port Ewen, New York. This was the first time bar codes were used by a records management company to allow real time access to shipped boxes,and therefore, the documents inside. The barcoding of boxes of paper records and the subsequent rolling up of "Mom and Pop" facilities around the country made expansion easy from there on out. Its "sell or be put out of business" mindset was instrumental to the firm's growth.

During the 1980s, the company expanded beyond New York, opening facilities in New Jersey and throughout New England. In 1988 Iron Mountain extended its reach into 12 more U.S. markets by acquiring Bell & Howell Records Management, Inc.^[3]

The firm went public on January 31st of 1996. In 1997, Iron Mountain became a leading software escrow company with the acquisition of Data Securities International (DSI).

Expansion and consolidation (2000–present)

Iron Mountain Vehicle

Since 1980, Iron Mountain grew through acquisitions. Revenue over this period increased from $3 million in 1981 to $2.7 billion at the end of 2007.

In February, 2000, Iron Mountain Incorporated announced the completion of its acquisition of Pierce Leahy Corp. (NYSE:PLH) in a stock-for-stock merger valued at approximately $1.1 billion.^[4]

In 2004, Iron Mountain formed a digital assets division called "Iron Mountain Digital", following the acquisition of Connected Corporation, a maker of online PC backup software.^[5][6][7] A year later, Iron Mountain Digital bought LiveVault, a provider of online backup software for server data.^[8] In 2007 Iron Mountain acquired Stratify Inc.,^[9] one of the larger e-discovery service providers at the production end of the Electronic Discovery Reference Model (EDRM).^[10] The acquired businesses of LiveVault and Stratify Inc. were consolidated into Iron Mountain Digital.

Richard Reese became the company's CEO in 1981, and he concurrently assumed the position of chairman in 1995. He remained in the former position until June 2008, when he was replaced by Bob Brennan, but he remained in the chairman's seat.^[11][12] However, the company announced Brennan's departure in April 2011, and Reese resumed his former title.^[13]

In February 2010, Iron Mountain acquired a California-based eDiscovery and content archiving software provider, Mimosa Systems. The acquisition too was absorbed into Iron Mountain Digital division.^[14]

On May 16, 2011, Iron Mountain decided to divest its technology arm, "Iron Mountain Digital", which was acquired by the British enterprise search and knowledge management firm Autonomy corporation for $380 million.^[15] Shortly thereafter, in August 2011, Hewlett-Packard acquired the Cambridge based Autonomy, and amalgamated the operations of Autonomy (which included Iron Mountain Digital) into HP's enterprise software division.^[16]

On May 8, 2012, Iron Mountain expanded its high-security storage facility business through the acquisition of three records storage firms—File House Offsite Record Storage in Fredericksburg, Virginia, and Document Systems Inc. in Columbia, and First National Safe Deposit in Philadelphia.^[17]

On November 5, 2013, Iron Mountain announced it would be shutting down its Saint John, New Brunswick contact center in 2014. Many of the jobs will be transitioned to Convergys.^[18]

As of January 1, 2014 Iron Mountain successfully converted to a real estate investment trust after approval of private letter ruling requests by the IRS to classify steel racking structures as qualified real estate assets.^[19]

At the end of April 2015, Iron Mountain announced it would acquire Australian data protection services provider Recall Holdings for around $2.2 billion in cash and stock.^[20]

Facilities

The storage location in Dighton, Massachusetts was once a missile storage battery during the cold war. The best known Iron Mountain storage facility is a high-security storage facility in a former limestone mine at Boyers, Pennsylvania, near the city of Butler in the United States (41°05′35″N 79°54′40″W / 41.093°N 79.911°W / 41.093; -79.911). It began storing records in 1954 and was purchased by Iron Mountain in 1998. It is here that Bill Gates stores his Corbis photographic collection in a refrigerated cave 220 feet (67 m) underground.^[21] Nearby, the U.S. Office of Personnel Management leases another underground cavern to store, and process government employee retirement papers.^[22]

Iron Mountain has additional underground storage facilities in the United States and the rest of the world. It stores the wills of Princess Diana, Charles Dickens, and Charles Darwin.^[23] It also stores the original recordings of Frank Sinatra and master recordings from Sony Music Entertainment.^[24] Most of the company's over 1,000 storage locations are in above-ground leased warehouse space located near customers.

Recognition

Security Magazine named Iron Mountain in “Security 500” of 2008, an annual ranking of the United States' 500 most secure companies. Iron Mountain was its industry’s sole representative in the category of business services. Published in the magazine’s November issue, the Security 500^[25] ranks companies using several metrics such as the percentage of a company’s revenue spent on security. The survey tracks 16 vertical markets to serve as a benchmarking tool for companies.

Fortune magazine has had Iron Mountain on its list of the “World’s Most Admired Companies” every year from 2006 to 2011.^[26] In its category, "diversified outsourcing services", it has every year come in second behind Aramark. The only exception was 2006, when it also ranked below Convergys.^[27] The industry rankings reflect feedback from executives, directors, and analysts who rated Iron Mountain and industry peers on nine attributes of reputation, from investment value to quality of management.

In April 2009, Iron Mountain's Digital Record Center for Images was recognized as a "Product of the Year" by the Massachusetts Network Communications Council in the "Cloud Computing, Virtualization and Data Warehousing/Storage category".^[28]

Data losses

The company has received media attention for losing or misplacing customer files and data, particularly tapes containing private information such as home addresses and Social Security numbers. In 1997 a mysterious fire destroyed a warehouse just off the New Jersey Turnpike (USA) at Exit 8, full of corporate documents. This was two days after a smaller blaze damaged another warehouse several hundred feet away.^[29] Both buildings are owned by Iron Mountain Inc.

In May 2005, Time Warner disclosed that a container of 40 unencrypted backup tapes containing the personal information of 600,000 current and former employees had disappeared while being transported in an Iron Mountain van that made 18 other stops in Manhattan that day. After the loss, Time Warner began encrypting its tapes, and Iron Mountain advised its other clients to do the same.^[30][31] A year later, tapes containing personal information for about 17,000 Long Island Railroad employees were lost while in transit to the railroad's office, along with tapes belonging to the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs being shipped in the same vehicle.^[32]

In July 2006, a fire completely destroyed a leased six-story company warehouse in London.^[33] The paper records of 600 customers,^[34] including client files stored by several prominent London law firms, were lost.^[35] Also destroyed were the medical records of up to 240,000 patients of Chelsea and Westminster Hospital.^[34] The London Fire Brigade later concluded that the fire was caused by arson.^[36] One day earlier, a smaller fire believed to have been caused by contractors making roof repairs damaged a company warehouse in Ottawa, Canada.^[37]

In August 2007, the company began retrofitting its unmarked vans and trucks with a new security and alarm system using chain of custody technology to reduce the exposure of customer data to possible loss. Among other security features, the system uses radio frequency authentication and real-time tracking capabilities to help prevent "mysterious disappearances" of tapes, or their actual removal from the vehicle, during transit.^[38]

A large fire struck Iron Mountain’s document storage warehouse and headquarters in Aprilia, Italy late on Friday 4 November 2011. According to news reports, the entire building was enveloped in flames causing substantial damage to the building and, presumably, to the documents and digital content stored there. Approximately 40 employees worked in the facility but nobody was injured.^[39]

On 5 February 2014, an intentional fire^[40] completely burned down the company's Buenos Aires warehouse. At least nine firefighters died in the incident while seven others were severely injured.^[41]

References

Further reading

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Iron Mountain Incorporated.

• Official website
• Australian website
• Australian Blog
• msnbc.com video: Mining for Elvis Presley records
• KOMO-TV News Profile of Iron Mountain facility