SUMKA

SUMKA was an Iranian neo-Nazi group that is otherwise known as Hezb-e Sosialist-e Melli-ye Kargaran-e Iran or the Iran National-Socialist Workers group.

SUMKA
Leader	Davud Monshizadeh
Spokesperson	Shapour Zandnia
Founded	December 6, 1941 (1941-12-06) (inofficially) October 13, 1952 (1952-10-13) (officially)
Headquarters	Câlus (northern Iran), Tehran
Ideology	National Socialism Anti-Arabism Anti-Islam Anti-Semitism Anti-Communism Persian Nationalism
Politics of Iran Political parties Elections

Foundation

The group was formed in 1952 by Davud Monshizadeh, a professor at Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, who served with the SS and had been injured fighting in Berlin. Before this the name had been used informally to refer to those in Iran who supported and help funded Adolf Hitler during the Second World War. Monshizadeh would go on to serve as a Professor of Persian Studies at Alexandria University and Uppsala University.^[1] Despite building up a minor support base in Iranian universities, the party did not last long.^[2] It has been claimed that the party enjoyed funding directly from Reza Pahlavi and some Georgian-Iranians for a time.^[3] The official logo is the Simorq flag. The emblem is the Simorq bird which was taken from the Shanameh (Book of Kings) at the center.

Development

The group briefly attracted the support of young nationalists in Iran, with Daryoush Homayoun, who would later rise to prominence, an early member.^[3] Monshizadeh was known as something of a Hitler worshipper and was fond of many of the ways of the Nazi Party, such as their militarism and salute, as well as attempting to approximate Hitler's physical appearance.^[3]On this basis the group adopted the swastika and black shirt as part of their uniforms.^[3][4]

They were firmly opposed to the rule of Mohammed Mossadegh during their brief period of influence and the group worked alongside Fazlollah Zahedi in his opposition to Mossadegh. Indeed in 1953 they were part of a large crowd of Zahedi supporters who marched to the palace of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi demanding the ousting of Mossadegh.^[5] The party would become associated with street violence against the supporters of Mossadegh and the Tudeh Party.^[6]

The SUMKA party wanted to extinguish islamic influence because it was as they stated "the root of iranian problems and the cause for the weakness of Iranians". They believed that Islam and Judaism were the two main enemies of the aryan nations because of their negative semitic influence and parasitic presence. They took the view that an aryan nation just can rise when it's freed from it and goes back to its aryan roots, both social, cultural and ethnical. The SUMKA members looked at Jews, Muslims and especially arabic people as weak, corrupt, vile and inferior beings that were blocks on the way of the prosperity of the aryans.

The party leader Monshizadeh looked at Ortega's and Hitler's works as inspirations. He translated a number of Ortega's works into Persian and intended for these works to serve as the founding principles of the SUMKA party. Primarily SUMKA was opposing the Monarchy but later on they opposed all political activities that were not national socialistic, especially the islamic party with whom they even had street fights.

SUMKA had managed to gather a good number of members, sympathizers and support base amongst the university students, labors, technocrats and other workers.

The party was opposed to Mossadeq's social democratic government (1950 - 1953) and propagated a strong national socialist ideology. SUMKA was the Extreme Right Wing, Iranian Ultra Nationalist Party of Iran.In many occasions they went head to head with leftists and they definitely had a beef with the communist party (Hezbe Tudeh). Back then, the majority of youth in Universities and High Schools were extremely political and they were either:

• Tudehi (Communist)
• Jebhei (Liberal Left)
• SUMKAi (national socialistic)

These three were the top three political parties of Iran. And then there were a minority of political activists whom were pro various Nationalist, Republican and Monarchist movements and parties of Iran.

Today

Today there are different NS-subgroups who are mostly active in Europe or Australia since the islamic republic of Iran executes any person with national socialistic activities. Although it remains to be seen how far this revival extended beyond the internet, the ideology is still the same as the original SUMKA party advocated it. These groups are not connected to the minor Pan-Iranists. They declare the Pan-Iranist movement as their political enemies since they want to include non-aryan land to Iran. A new concept which was brought into the party by Shirin Arvani in 2013 is the caste system.

References