Invasive species of New Zealand origin
New Zealand has major issues with introduced species creating problems for both agriculture and indigenous biodiversity. Conversely a small number of species endemic to New Zealand are causing problems in other countries.
Animals
- The New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) is an invasive species in many countries and has been present in Europe since 1859.[1]
- The New Zealand flatworm (Arthurdendyus triangulatus) is an invasive species in Europe where it preys on earthworms and degrades soil quality.
Plants
- Taupata (Coprosma repens), also known as mirror bush, looking-glass bush, New Zealand laurel or shiny leaf, is a weed in Australia, Norfolk Island, South Africa and the U.S.A. (California and Hawaii).[2]
- Pōhutukawa (Metrosideros excelsa), sometimes called the New Zealand Christmas tree, is an invasive plant species in South Africa.[3] The tree is under threat in New Zealand from the introduced Australian Common Brushtail Possum.
- The biddy biddy (Acaena novae-zelandiae) is declared a noxious weed in the American states of Hawaii, California and Oregon.[4]
- New Zealand flax, harekeke (Phormium tenax), is an invasive species in some of the Pacific islands and in Australia.[5]
- Pohuehue (Muehlenbeckia complexa, also called wire vine, mattress vine and several other common names) is naturalised in Western Australia.[6] Although it is a valued garden plant, it can become a pest in suitable climates (e.g. San Francisco's Golden Gate National Recreation Area)[7] if not contained.
- Manuka (Leptospermum scoparium) and Kanuka (Kunzea ericoides) were planted in Hawaii during the early 20th century and have infested several islands.[8]
- Ngaio (Myoporum laetum) forms dense thickets in coastal areas of Southern California and Mexico and is therefore a serious weed.[8]
See also
References
- ↑ Čejka T., Dvořák L. & Košel V. 2008: Present distribution of Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray, 1843) (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Slovak Republic. - Malacologica Bohemoslovaca, 7: 21-25. Online serial at <http://mollusca.sav.sk> 25-February-2008.
- ↑ "Coprosma repens". New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved 2013-12-31.
- ↑ "Metrosideros excelsa". South African National Biodiversity Institute. 25 June 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2012.
- ↑ "PLANTS Profile for Acaena novae-zelandiae (biddy-biddy)". USDA. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
- ↑ "Phormium tenax (PIER species info)". Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER). 9 January 2011. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
- ↑ "Muehlenbeckia complexa". FloraBase. Department of Environment and Conservation, Government of Western Australia.
- ↑ "NRPI - Mattress Wire Weed Control in Golden Gate National Recreational Area (0509)".
- 1 2 "Our Native Plant Invaders". Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
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