International Olympiad on Astronomy and Astrophysics

IOAA 2012 official photo, at Rio Planetarium, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The International Olympiad on Astronomy and Astrophysics (IOAA) is an annual astronomy competition for high school students. It is one of the international science olympiads.

The Olympiad was founded from a dissidence inside the International Astronomy Olympiad, in order to increase the scope of the organization. The first IOAA website^[1] states that:

"IOAA is designed to be a truly international organization on Astronomy and Astrophysics competitions. The organization is run by an international committee, whose members are elected from international members of the organization."

The first IOAA was held in Chiang Mai, Thailand, in November/December 2007. The subsequent annual meetings were held during August/September or October in Indonesia (2008), Iran (2009), China (2010), Poland (2011), Brazil and then Greece in 2013. The most recent installment took place in Suceava, Romania, from 1 to 11 August 2014, while the next one will be organised by Indonesia in 2015 (see more below: Host countries).

History

The first IOAA was held in the city of Chiang Mai, Thailand, from November 30 to December 9 of 2007, to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the King Bhumibol Adulyadej and the 84th anniversary of the Princess Galyani Vadhana. The countries that attended to the first edition were: Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Belarus, Bolivia, Brazil, China, Greece, India, Indonesia, Iran, South Korea, Laos, Lithuania, Myanmar, Poland, Romania, Singapore, Slovakia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Ukraine. The International Board, composed by the leaders of every attending country, became the solely decision body of the olympiad. At that time, there was already at work, for a five-year term, a President (Dr. Boonrucksar Soonthornthum, Thailand) and a General Secretary (Dr. Chatief Kunjaya, Indonesia).^[2]

The second IOAA was held in 2008, August 19 to 28, in the city of Bandung, Indonesia, having the participation of 22 countries –- including a team from Cambodja and an observer from Malaysia.

The third IOAA was held in 2009, October 17 to 27, in the capital Tehran, Iran. The observational exam was held in the desert, in the Caravanserai of Deh Namak. 20 countries participated –- the first time for Kazakhstan and Serbia.

The fourth IOAA was held in 2010, September 12 to 21, in the capital Beijing, China. One-hundred fourteen competitors attended, coming from 23 countries –- the first time for Czech Republic, Philippines and Russia.

The fifth IOAA was held in 2011, August 25 to September 4, around the cities of Katowice, Chorzów and Kraków, Poland. This was the first IOAA to be held in Europe. The participants came from 26 countries, including the first time coming Bulgaria, Colombia, Croatia, Hungary and Portugal. In Poland, the International Board elected, from 2012 on, a new President (Dr. Chatief Kunjaya, Indonesia) and a General Secretary (Dr. Greg Stachowski, Poland). They also indicated two Regional Coordinators (Dr. Thaís Mothé Diniz, Brazil, for Americas and Dr. Aniket Sule, India, for Asia and Pacific).

The sixth IOAA was held in 2012, August 4 to 13, at Rio de Janeiro and Vassouras, Brazil—the first time in America. The participants came from 28 countries.

The seventh IOAA was held from 27 July to 4 August 2013 in Volos, Greece. Total 39 teams from 35 countries participated in the event. These included first time teams from USA, New Zealand, Canada, Malaysia, Armenia, Slovenia, Macedonia and Cyprus.

The eighth IOAA was held from 1 to 11 August 2014 in Suceava and Gura Humorului, Romania. Total 42 teams from 37 countries participated in the event. These included first time teams from Mexico, Pakistan, Nepal, Moldova and Montenegro.

The ninth IOAA is scheduled to be held in Semarang and Magelang, Indonesia from 26 July to 4 August 2015.

Host countries

Number	Year	Host country	Host city	Absolute winner	Countries Represented
1	2007	Thailand	Chiang Mai	THA Suwun Suwunnarat	21
2	2008	Indonesia	Bandung	IND Nitin Jain	22
3	2009	Iran	Tehran	IND Nitin Jain	20
4	2010	China	Beijing	POL Przemysław Mróz	23
5	2011	Poland	Chorzów / Katowice / Krakow	CZE Stanislav Fort	26
6	2012	Brazil	Rio de Janeiro / Vassouras	LTU Motiejus Valiūnas	28
7	2013	Greece	Volos	ROM Denis Turcu	35
8	2014	Romania	Suceava / Gura Humorului	ROM Denis Turcu	42
9	2015	Indonesia	Magelang / Semarang	INA Joandy Leonata Pratama	41
10	2016	India	Bhubaneswar
11	2017	Kazakhstan/ Thailand	TBD	TBD
12	2018	Sri Lanka	TBD	TBD
13	2019	Hungary	TBD	TBD
14	2020	Colombia	TBD	TBD
15	2021	Serbia	TBD	TBD

Note: Hosts from 2015 onwards were decided on tentative basis (subject to availability of funding) during the seventh IOAA.

Format

Theoretical Exam during the 3rd IOAA, 2009, Tehran, Iran

Observational Exam during the 6th IOAA, 2012, Vassouras, Brazil

The IOAA is organized annually in a different host country, which shall cover all costs with every team during the event (including lodging, food, excursions, awards, etc.). Having no registration fee, the participating countries shall only cover the expenses for its own team to arrive at the host place.^[3]

Each participating country sends one regular team with up to five (5) high school students (or students who finished their high school within the year of the competition), accompanied by two team leaders, normally scientists or teachers.^[4] In addition, the host country has the right to send one additional guest team.

Exams

One differential in astronomy tests is the great importance of knowing the skies and of carrying systematic observations, something as important as the formulation of hypotheses and theories. Therefore, an astronomy competitor should be tested both in his theoretical and practical skills. Furthermore, it is also very important to know how to work collaborativelly, in a team.

Typically then, an IOAA participant faces four exams:^[5]

1. Theoretical Exam: consisting of 15 short questions and 2 or 3 long questions, with 5 hours to solve. It counts as 50% of the mark.
2. Data Analysis Exam: a paper- or computer-based task for analysing actual data obtained from professional astronomers, with usually 4 hours to solve. It counts as 25% of the mark.
3. Observational Exam: questions concerning direct observation of the sky (in the real sky or in a planetarium), recognizing stars, constellations, nebulae, great circles, etc. It counts as 25% of the mark.
4. Team Competition: A separated competition, in which national teams are set to do a huge task, involving both individual and group efforts, with theoretical and /or practical reasoning.

Although the official working language of IOAA is English, each exam is translated beforehand, by the team leaders of each country, for the students' native languages.

The host country should have an academical jury which should prepare, apply and give marks to the exams. But the team leaders have an important role on it, in the following steps:

• The jury presents its version of each exam and the leaders discuss the adequacy of each question, propose changes and, in some cases, replace questions;
• Then the leaders translate the exams into their national language, so that each student can read the exams in its own language;
• The leaders receive copies of their students' tests and the marking made by the jury. If a leader disagrees with some marking, he /she can complain in the moderation session.

Prize nomination

Moderation Session during the 3rd IOAA, 2009, at the Parsian Azadi Hotel, Tehran, Iran.

The criteria for prize nominations at IOAA is as follows:^[6] the average of the three biggest marks makes 100%.

• gold medals are between 100 and 90%
• silver medals are between 90 and 78%
• bronze medals are between 78 and 65%
• honor mentions are between 65 and 50%

In addition to that, the first mark overall receives a special prize as absolute winner. The best marks in each of the exams (theoretical, data analysis and observational) also receive special prizes. Furthermore, each host country can offer other special prizes as well (in 2009, Iran offered the prizes of most creative solution, most concise answer, most organized answer, most skillful observer and most calm observer^[7]).

Prizewinners

High-scoring participants

The following table lists multiple (triple and more) gold medal winners of IOAA with their ranks and corresponding years.

Note: Several countries (e.g. India, Indonesia, Iran) do not allow their students to contest in IOAA more than two times, even if they are eligible. Thus, statistics from those countries is not included in the table above.

See also

• International Astronomy Olympiad
• International Science Olympiad
• National Astronomical Olympiads:
  • Indian Olympiad Programme: Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education
  • Sri Lankan Olympiad Programme: Sri Lankan Astronomy and Astrophysics Olympiad

References

1. ↑ First IOAA site. IOAA.info.
2. ↑ "The 1st IOAA Official Page". 
3. ↑ IOAA Statutes, #7
4. ↑ IOAA Statutes, #4
5. ↑ 6th IOAA Booklet
6. ↑ IOAA Statutes, #11
7. ↑ Proceedings of the 3rd IOAA.

External links

• 1st IOAA, 2007
• 2nd IOAA, 2008
• 3rd IOAA, 2009
• 4th IOAA, 2010
• 5th IOAA, 2011
• News Item about the 5th IOAA, 2011
• 6th IOAA, 2012
• 7th IOAA, 2013
• 8th IOAA, 2014
• 9th IOAA, 2015