Inside Out (2015 film)

Inside Out
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Pete Docter Ronnie del Carmen
Produced by	Jonas Rivera
Screenplay by	Pete Docter Meg LeFauve Josh Cooley
Story by	Pete Docter Ronnie del Carmen
Starring	Amy Poehler Phyllis Smith Bill Hader Lewis Black Mindy Kaling
Music by	Michael Giacchino[1]
Cinematography	Patrick Lin Kim White
Edited by	Kevin Nolting[2]
Production company	Walt Disney Pictures Pixar Animation Studios
Distributed by	Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures
Release dates	May 18, 2015 (2015-05-18) (Cannes) June 19, 2015 (2015-06-19) (United States)
Running time	94 minutes[3]
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$175 million[4]
Box office	$856.8 million[5]

Inside Out is a 2015 American 3D computer-animated comedy-drama adventure film^[6] produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. The film was directed and co-written by Pete Docter, co-directed and co-written by Ronnie del Carmen and produced by Jonas Rivera, with music composed by Michael Giacchino. The film is set in the mind of a young girl named Riley Andersen (Kaitlyn Dias), where five personified emotions—Joy (Amy Poehler), Sadness (Phyllis Smith), Fear (Bill Hader), Anger (Lewis Black), and Disgust (Mindy Kaling)—try to lead her through life as her parents (Diane Lane and Kyle MacLachlan) move the family from Minnesota to San Francisco and she has to adjust to her new life.

Docter first began developing Inside Out in 2009 after noticing changes in his daughter's personality as she grew older. The film's producers consulted numerous psychologists, including Dacher Keltner from the University of California, Berkeley,^[7] who helped revise the story by emphasizing the neuropsychological findings that human emotions affect interpersonal relationships and can be significantly moderated by them.^[8]

After premiering at the 68th Cannes Film Festival in May, Inside Out was released in North America on June 19, 2015, accompanied by the short film Lava directed by James Ford Murphy. Critics praised the film's concept, poignant subject matter, musical score, and the vocal performances—particularly for Poehler, Smith, and Richard Kind. The film grossed $90.4 million in its first weekend—the highest opening for an original title;^[9] it has accumulated over $856 million in worldwide box office revenue.^[5] Inside Out has received several awards, including the Golden Globe, Critics' Choice Award, Annie Award, and BAFTA Award for Best Animated Feature, and has also been nominated at the 88th Academy Awards for Best Animated Feature and Best Original Screenplay.

Plot

A girl named Riley Andersen is born in Minnesota and within her mind, five personifications of her basic emotions — Joy, Sadness, Fear, Disgust, and Anger — gradually come to life. As Riley grows up, her emotions influence her actions via a control console in her mind's Headquarters. Her memories are stored in colored orbs, which are sent into long-term memory each night via a suction tube. The most important "core memories" are housed in a hub and power five "islands," each reflecting a different aspect of her personality. Joy's purpose is to keep Riley happy, Fear protects her from danger, Disgust guards her health and social status, and Anger ensures that she is treated fairly. Since no one understands Sadness's purpose (even Sadness herself), Joy tries to steer her away from the console.

When Riley is 11 years old, she and her parents move to San Francisco. She is disappointed by their new home and other difficulties: the moving van with all their belongings gets lost, and her father is under stress due to his struggling business. When Sadness begins touching Riley's happy memories, turning them sad, Joy tries to guard them by keeping her isolated. On Riley's first day at her new school, Sadness causes her to cry in front of her class, creating a sad core memory. Joy tries to dispose of it before it reaches the hub, but instead knocks the other core memories loose during a struggle with Sadness, depowering the personality islands and rendering them unstable. Joy and Sadness are sucked into the memory tube and taken to the maze-like storage area of long-term memory, taking the core memories with them.

With Joy and Sadness gone, Anger, Fear, and Disgust try to maintain Riley's emotional state, but only end up unintentionally distancing her from her parents, friends and hobbies, making her personality islands gradually crumble and fall, one by one, into the "Memory Dump," an abyss where memories are forgotten. Finally, Anger inserts an idea into the console, prompting Riley to run away, believing the only way she can be happy again is to go back to Minnesota.

Meanwhile, Joy and Sadness encounter Bing Bong, Riley's childhood imaginary friend. He tells them they can get to Headquarters by riding the train of thought. After chasing the train through Riley's mind, the three eventually catch the train, but it is derailed when one of the personality islands collapses when Riley steals a credit card from her mother's purse, leaving Joy and Sadness distraught.

In desperation, Joy abandons Sadness and attempts to ride a "recall tube" back to Headquarters, but a piece of a personality island collapses, breaking the tube and plunging Joy and Bing Bong into the Memory Dump. While despairingly looking through fading memories, Joy discovers a sad memory of a hockey game that becomes happy when Riley's parents and friends comfort her, causing her to finally realize Sadness' purpose: to alert others when Riley is emotionally overwhelmed and needs help.

Joy and Bing Bong try to use Bing Bong's old wagon rocket to escape the Memory Dump, but after several tries, Bing Bong realizes their combined weight is too much and jumps out on the third attempt, sacrificing himself and fading away to enable Joy to escape. Joy then uses various tools from around Riley's mind to propel herself and a despondent and unwilling Sadness through the air to Headquarters, to discover that Anger's idea has disabled the console, rendering Riley depressed and apathetic. To the surprise of the others, Sadness (at Joy's insistence) takes control and extracts the idea, reactivating the console and prompting Riley to return home.

As Sadness reinstalls the core memories, Riley arrives home and bursts into tears, confessing to her parents that she misses her old life. As her parents reassure and comfort her, Joy and Sadness work the console together, creating a new core memory that combines their emotions, which restores one of the collapsed personality islands in a new and better form. One year later, Riley has fully adapted to her new home, made new friends, returned to her old hobbies, and adopted a few new ones (fueled by new, more nuanced core memories). On the inside, her emotions take their place at a new, larger console that allows them to work together, enabling Riley, now 12 years old, to lead a more emotionally complex life.

Voice cast

Several of the film's creators also contributed some voice acting, including director Pete Docter as Father's Anger,^[16] and co-director Ronnie del Carmen, who provided additional voices.^[16]

Production

Development

As a child, director Pete Docter relocated with his family to Denmark when his father moved to study the music of Carl Nielsen.^[19] While his sisters had an easy time adjusting to the new surroundings, Docter felt he was judged constantly by peers.^[20] While other kids were interested in sports, Docter sat alone drawing, a hobby that eventually led him to animation.^[21] His social anxiety ended by high school.^[19]

In late 2009, Docter noticed his pre-teen daughter, Elie, exhibiting similar shyness.^[22] "She started getting more quiet and reserved, and that, frankly, triggered a lot of my own insecurities and fears," he said.^[19] He imagined what happens in the human mind when emotions set in. The idea to depict it through animation excited Docter, who felt it the ideal form to portray "strong, opinionated, caricatured personalities."^[23] He began researching information about the mind, alongside Jonas Rivera, a producer, and Ronnie del Carmen, a secondary director. They consulted Paul Ekman, a well-known psychologist who studies emotions, and Dacher Keltner, a professor of psychology at the University of California, Berkeley. Ekman had early in his career identified six core emotions—anger, fear, sadness, disgust, joy, and surprise. Docter found surprise and fear to be too similar, which left him with five emotions to build characters around.^[23] Keltner focused on sadness being an emotion that strengthens relationships.^[23] Both emphasized how emotions organize social lives and the structuring of interpersonal interactions.^[8]

The smash success of Docter's 2009 film Up encouraged those at Pixar to allow Docter to create another film with a more sophisticated story.^[19] Inside Out is the first Pixar film without input from co-founder and former Apple CEO Steve Jobs, who died in 2011. It also lacked extensive input from John Lasseter, who was more focused on restructuring Walt Disney Animation Studios in Los Angeles at the time of its production.^[19] Executives at Disney and Pixar were positive at the proposal of making Inside Out, but acknowledged it would be difficult to market.^[24]

Story

Docter recruited a story crew to help develop the film's plot line. Although animation as an industry had been dominated by men, half of the story crew were women, in an attempt to have more diverse input. The choice to focus the film on a girl came from research that claimed that females age 11 to 17 are more attuned to expressions and emotions than others. The idea to have Riley play hockey came from Del Carmen, who observed that the sport is very popular in Minnesota. They tried to stray away from stereotypically feminine interests, such as the color pink or dresses.^[21] Initial ideas for the film found the main character, Riley, falling into a deep depression: Docter later felt they were inappropriate and scrapped them, although in the final film Riley does sink into a depression.^[19]

The film was first storyboarded over a period of two to three years, all the while undergoing screenings for Pixar's "Brain Trust," a small group of creative leaders at Pixar who oversee development on all films. After multiple screenings and suggestions from other filmmakers, the picture was put into production. It was again evaluated three months into that process. Kevin Nolting, editor of the film, estimated there were seven versions of Inside Out created before it even went into production.^[25] The story team attempted to create as much contrast with characters as possible.^[21] They found Joy the most complex character to write for, as she illustrates a broad range of "happy feelings."^[26] The earliest idea present in the final film is that Joy holds onto youth too long, setting about a "social storm" for Riley.^[27] It was not until several screenings later that they came upon the concept of moving to a new place, which created an external conflict that made the story easier to write. Initially, this crisis was to be set at a Thanksgiving Day pageant, in which Riley was hoping to be cast as its lead role, the turkey. Docter later deemed this idea too "bizarre" and it was replaced.^[28]

Docter estimated it took four years of development for the film to achieve success in marrying the architecture of Riley's mind and her personal troubles. The concept of "personality islands" helped develop the film's emotional stakes, as they directly affect events inside her mind and in her life. In one draft, the characters fell into "Idea Fields," where they would "cultivate new ideas," much like a farmer would cultivate crop.^[28] The character of Bing Bong—a discarded old imaginary friend—came about in one draft of the film as part of a refugee camp inside Riley's mind. It was difficult to achieve the correct tone for the film; for example, viewers could not be distracted by Joy's nature or feel negative about the mess she helps steer Riley into. Rivera credited the casting of Amy Poehler, in addition to the idea of moving, with helping the film find the right tone.^[27]

An early version of the film focused on Joy and Fear getting lost together, as it seemed to be the most humorous choice. By July 2012, the project was set for an evaluation screening with other Pixar filmmakers. Docter gradually began to feel that the story was not working, which led to fears that he might be fired. He took a long walk at his home one Sunday, in which he began to consider himself a failure, his previous successes "flukes," and a general sense that he should resign from the film.^[23] While pondering what he would miss about Pixar, he concluded that he would miss his coworkers and friends most of all. He soon reached a breakthrough: that emotions are meant to connect people together, and that relationships are the most important things in life.^[24] He decided to replace Fear with Sadness, which he felt is crucial to renewal. He met with Rivera and Del Carmen that night to explain his change of plans, and to his surprise, they reacted positively to it. At the screening, he informed his superiors that new plans for the film were in order. Although a "scary moment," the film remained in production.^[19]

Screenwriter Michael Arndt worked for a year on the film's script, calling it "both a brilliantly creative idea but also incredibly challenging," but left the project in early 2011, adding that "knowing the Pixar process, there may not be a single word [I wrote] that remains in the final script! They've had writers work on it since then."^[29]

Casting

The film's voice cast of emotions, Amy Poehler, Lewis Black, Mindy Kaling, Bill Hader, and Phyllis Smith, were first announced in August 2013.^[30] With the release of the film's trailer in December 2014, it was revealed that Diane Lane and Kyle MacLachlan were cast in the film as Riley's parents.^[15]

Hader, who had previously cameoed in Monsters University, was cast to voice Fear, a role that he felt he "weaseled" his way into by being a "huge fan" of Pixar's filmography.^[31] Hader toured the studio over a week, and also "helped out" in the story room.^[32] He was invited to play Fear by the end of his stay there, but was also asked to contact fellow Saturday Night Live (SNL) veteran Amy Poehler, which the team viewed as perfect for the character of Joy. "They said: 'Would you mind calling Amy? We don't want to call her and have her think we're some weirdo,'" he recalled. He phoned Poehler and explained the story to her, noting that her role would be the driving force in the film.^[32] When the story was pitched to Kaling, she broke down in tears, explaining "I just think it's really beautiful that you guys are making a story that tells kids that it's difficult to grow up and it's OK to be sad about it."^[23]

Smith was chosen by Rivera while he was watching Bad Teacher and saw her in a lunch scene. He called Docter and said "I think we found our Sadness."^[33] As the film contains several veterans of SNL, the film's team spent a week at that program for research on a live television sequence.^[31]

Richard Kind, who had previously starred in A Bug's Life, the Cars series, and Toy Story 3, portrayed Bing Bong. Kind tried to convey the same "sort of innocence" of his previous Pixar roles, and wound up not taking part in pre-release promotion as the producers decided to keep the character a secret.^[34]

Animation

The film's art design is intended to reflect 1950s Broadway musicals.^[19] Docter imagined that with emotions for characters, they could "push the level of caricature both in the design and in the style of movement to degrees [they'd] never done before." To this end, they emulated animators Tex Avery and Chuck Jones.^[28] Docter informed supervising animators Shawn Krause and Victor Navone to push the graphic caricature of each character rather than sticking to the rigid behavior of each RenderMan model. This required an artist to draw over characters in the film during dailies, using a Wacom Cintiq.^[35] One of the first scenes the team worked on was the dinnertime scene, in which viewers rapidly switch between the real world and Headquarters inside the family's minds.^[25]

In envisaging how the mind's interior would be depicted, the filmmakers concentrated on the word electrochemical; Ralph Eggleston, the film's production designer, explained, "It meant thinking of things as energy or energy-based, excitable."^[36] Each emotion has a glowing, "effervescent quality" to them (particularly Joy), which was difficult to animate as it could be viewed as distracting.^[37] "The characters are created with this energy because we are trying to represent what emotions would look like. They are made up of particles that actually move. Instead of being skin and solid, it is a massive collection of energy," Docter remarked.^[38] The team worked for eight months on Joy's "sparkly" aura, but was prepared to delete it, as it would affect the film's budget. However, Lasseter requested that it be applied for each emotion. "You could hear the core technical staff just hitting the ground, the budget falling through the roof," recalled Eggleston.^[37]

The film is localized to accommodate international audiences: In the Japanese version, for example, Riley is disgusted by green bell peppers, rather than by broccoli (the only topping offered by the local pizzeria), to reflect the fact that broccoli is generally less undesirable to Japanese children.^[39]

Music

Michael Giacchino composed the film's score; this was his fifth collaboration with Pixar and his second collaboration with Pete Docter after Up. The producers first met with Giacchino to explain the film's concept and screen it for him. In response, he composed an eight-minute suite of music, unconnected to the film, based on his emotions viewing it.^[28] Rivera noted that while both Giacchino and Docter were musicians, they discussed the film in terms of story and character.^[28]

Soundtrack

Inside Out: Original Soundtrack
Soundtrack album by Michael Giacchino
Released	June 16, 2015
Recorded	2014–2015
Genre	Soundtrack
Length	58:43
Label	Walt Disney
Pixar film soundtrack chronology
Monsters University (2013) Inside Out: Original Soundtrack (2015) The Good Dinosaur (2015)
Michael Giacchino chronology
Jurassic World: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (2015) Inside Out: Original Soundtrack (2015) Zootopia (2016)

Walt Disney Records released the soundtrack on June 16, 2015.^[40]

Track listing

All music composed by Michael Giacchino.

No.	Title	Length
1.	"Bundle of Joy"	2:48
2.	"Team Building"	2:18
3.	"Nomanisone Island/National Movers"	4:20
4.	"Overcoming Sadness"	0:51
5.	"Free Skating"	0:59
6.	"First Day of School"	2:02
7.	"Riled Up"	1:02
8.	"Goofball No Longer"	1:11
9.	"Memory Lanes"	1:22
10.	"The Forgetters"	0:50
11.	"Chasing the Pink Elephant"	1:55
12.	"Abstract Thought"	1:47
13.	"Imagination Land"	1:25
14.	"Down in the Dumps"	1:47
15.	"Dream Productions"	1:43
16.	"Dream a Little Nightmare"	1:50
17.	"The Subconscious Basement"	2:01
18.	"Escaping the Subconscious"	2:09
19.	"We Can Still Stop Her"	2:54
20.	"Tears of Joy"	2:39
21.	"Rainbow Flyer"	2:58
22.	"Chasing down Sadness"	1:45
23.	"Joy Turns to Sadness/A Growing Personality"	7:49
24.	"The Joy of Credits"	8:18
Total length:		58:43

CD bonus track
No.	Title	Length
25.	"Lava" (From the Disney•Pixar Short Film Lava)	5:46

Release

Inside Out was first announced in August 2011 at the D23 Expo. In December 2012, Bleeding Cool reported the title of the film would be The Inside Out,^[41] while ComingSoon.net reported it would be Inside Out the following February.^[42] In April 2013, Disney officially announced the title on Twitter as Inside Out, during CinemaCon.^[43] Prior to its release, the film underwent a test screening for children, due to concerns from executives that it would be too complex for younger audiences—a fear quelled when the audience reacted positively to the picture.^[26]

The film premiered on May 18, 2015, at the 68th Cannes Film Festival, in an out-of-competition screening.^[44] In the United States, it premiered on June 8, 2015, at the El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood,^[45] and received a wide theatrical release starting on June 19, 2015, in 2D, 3D, and select IMAX 3D theatres.^[46][47] It was the first animated movie to be released in Dolby Vision format in Dolby Cinema and the second for Disney following Tomorrowland.^[48] Also notable was the fact that it was one of two feature films (the other being The Good Dinosaur) released by Pixar in the same calendar year, a first for the company.^[49]

A short animated film, titled Lava, accompanied Inside Out during its theatrical release. The musical love story was directed by James Ford Murphy and produced by Andrea Warren. The story was inspired by the isolated beauty of tropical islands and the explosive allure of ocean volcanoes, and takes place over millions of years.^[50]

On June 18, 2015, Skype added faces of the five "emotions" of the film as emoticons available for use in its IM service for the next three months.^[51]

Home media

Inside Out was released by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment on Blu-ray (2D and 3D) and DVD on November 3, 2015,^[52] while a digital release was released on October 13, 2015.^[53] A short film set in the world of Inside Out, titled Riley's First Date?,^[54] and directed by Josh Cooley, the head of story on the film,^[55] was included, along with Pixar's theatrical short, Lava.^[54]

Video games

An Inside Out play set featuring all five emotions as playable characters was made available for Disney Infinity 3.0.^[56]

A mobile game, Inside Out: Thought Bubbles, was released on June 18, 2015 by Disney Mobile Games on Apple App Store, Google Play, Amazon Appstore, Windows Store and Windows Phone Store. Playing as Riley's emotions, players have to match and sort memory bubbles through 270 levels inspired by the film's locations.^[57]

Reception

Box office

Inside Out grossed $356.5 million in North America and $500.3 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $856.8 million, against a budget of $175 million.^[5] It is the second highest-grossing 2015 animated film, the seventh highest-grossing film of 2015, the third highest-grossing Pixar film, the ninth highest-grossing film released by Disney, the tenth highest-grossing animated film of all time, and the 45th highest-grossing film overall (with the latter four rankings not adjusted for inflation).

Inside Out opened across 3,946 theaters in the United States and Canada, of which 3,100 showed the film in 3D.^[58] It grossed $3.7 million during its Thursday-night showings. This was a record among Pixar films that had Thursday-night showings, but behind Toy Story 3's $4 million midnight showing.^[59] The film then earned $34.2 million on its opening day, which is the second-largest opening day for a Pixar film behind Toy Story 3 ($41.1 million).^[60][61] It ended its opening weekend in second place with $90.4 million, behind the second-weekend gross of dinosaur thriller Jurassic World ($106.6 million).^[62] Although it was Pixar's first film not to debut at #1, its opening weekend gross was still the biggest for a Pixar original film (breaking The Incredibles' record), the studio's second-biggest of all time (behind Toy Story 3), the biggest weekend debut for a film that did not debut at #1 (breaking The Day After Tomorrow's record),^[63] and the top opening for any original film, live-action or otherwise, not based on sourced material, eclipsing the $77 million debut of Avatar.^[9][64] The film's successful opening has been attributed to its Cannes premiere, CinemaCon press screening, its 98% Rotten Tomatoes score, good word-of-mouth, Father's Day weekend and a successful Tuesday night Fathom screening.^[65][66] In its second weekend, the film fell by 42% to $52.3 million and still held the second spot behind Jurassic World.^[67] The rest of the week saw it slightly ahead of the latter.^[68] Inside Out reached the #1 spot at the box office on its third weekend with $29.8 million.^[69] Overall, IMAX contributed 10% or $36 million (as of September 4, 2015) of its total North American revenue.^[70] It ended up grossing a total of $356.5 million and became the second highest-grossing Pixar film (behind Toy Story 3),^[71] the fourth highest-grossing film of 2015,^[72] the seventh highest-grossing animated film of all time,^[73] the highest of 2015, and the thirtieth highest-grossing films in Canada and the United States (not adjusted for inflation).^[74]

Outside North America, the film earned an estimated $40.3 million on its opening weekend from 37 countries, which is 42% of the entire international market.^[75] Its largest openings were recorded in China ($11.7 million), the UK, Ireland and Malta ($11.4 million), Mexico ($8.6 million), Russia and the CIS ($7.6 million), Italy ($7.4 million), Germany ($7.1 million) and South Korea ($5.1 million).^{[75][76][77][78][79][80]} In total earnings, its largest markets outside the U.S. and Canada are the United Kingdom ($58.1 million), South Korea ($31.7 million) and Mexico ($31 million).^{[81][82][83][84]} It became the highest-grossing Disney or Pixar animated film of all time in Mexico (ahead of Frozen), the Philippines (ahead of Big Hero 6),^[85] India and Ukraine, and in Russia, it is the second highest-grossing Disney or Pixar film and the first Pixar film to exceed one billion rubles.^[78]

Critical response

The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a rating of 98%, based on 301 reviews, with a rating average of 9/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Inventive, gorgeously animated, and powerfully moving, Inside Out is another outstanding addition to the Pixar library of modern animated classics."^[86] The film also topped the site's Top 100 Animation Movies list^[87] and attains the highest position of a film released in the 21st century on the Top 100 Movies of All Time list at number 13.^[88] On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating, the film has a score of 94 out of 100, based on 48 critics, indicating "universal acclaim."^[89] In CinemaScore polls, cinema audiences gave Inside Out an average score of "A" on an A+ to F scale.^[60] Amy Poehler, Phyllis Smith,^[90] and Richard Kind have received praise for their vocal performances in the film.

Prior to its release, there was concern among the general public that Pixar films were declining in quality, with an over-reliance on sequels.^[91] Likewise, DreamWorks Animation was beginning to flounder in the early 2010s as several films performed below expectations at the box office, leading to speculation that the "genre" of computer animation was "in a funk."^[19] Inside Out has been hailed as a return to form by numerous film critics.^{[92][93][94][95][96]}

Following an advance screening at CinemaCon on April 22, 2015, the film was well received by audiences. Praise was aimed for its smart storyline, although some wondered whether the concept was too complicated for young audiences and to attract family crowds.^[97][98] After premiering at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival, the film attracted praise from film critics. Peter Debruge of Variety was effusive, calling it the studio's "greatest idea" and "a stunningly original concept that [...] promises to forever change the way people think about the way people think."^[99] The Chicago Tribune's Michael Phillips called it the studio's best since Up (also directed by Docter), a "consistently inventive and a heartening corrective to recent, stockholder-driven inferiorities."^[92] Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter deemed it an "audacious concept" that stands among the most "conceptually trippy films" for family audiences.^[2] "With its quite literally cerebral bent, I think Inside Out might have some trouble fully connecting with younger kids, but grown-ups are likely to shed more than a few tears," remarked Richard Lawson of Vanity Fair.^[100] The Guardian's Peter Bradshaw felt it "buoyant and sweet-natured," though slightly inferior to Pixar's best.^[101] Ignatiy Vishnevetsky of The A.V. Club, while overall positive on the film, said it "trades the wordless gracefulness and sense of discovery of the animation studio's best work for explanatory voice-over and nonstop exposition," also arguing that the Pixar animators could have been more visually adventurous to match the conceptual ambition.^[102]

As the film went into wide release, it continued to attract acclaim. Aside from naming it the best film of 2015, Kristopher Tapley of HitFix called it as "one of the best films of the 21st century."^[103][104] A. O. Scott of The New York Times deemed the film "an absolute delight," reserving particular praise for its "defense of sorrow, an argument for the necessity of melancholy dressed in the bright colors of entertainment."^[94] The Washington Post's Ann Hornaday considered it "that rare movie that transcends its role as pure entertainment to become something genuinely cathartic, even therapeutic, giving children a symbolic language with which to manage their unruliest emotions."^[14] Richard Roeper of the Chicago Sun-Times found it "bold, gorgeous, sweet, funny, [and] sometimes heartbreakingly sad," deeming it one of the best films of the year.^[105] Entertainment Weekly's Chris Nashawathy extolled it as "transcendent and touching [...] so smart and psychologically clever."^[106] Time's Mary Pols felt it a "nearly hallucinogenic, entirely beautiful" work that "defies the conventions of family movies."^[107] Christopher Orr of The Atlantic urged readers to view the picture, calling it "Pixar once again at the top of its game, telling the kind of thoughtful, moving meta-story it's hard to imagine being produced anywhere else."^[95] Wai Chee Dimock in the Los Angeles Review of Books compared the film to the work of neuroscientists Antonio Damasio, Dacher Keltner, and Oliver Sacks.^[108]

Accolades

Inside Out has received dozens of industry and critics awards. The film received fifteen Best Picture, twenty-one Best Original Screenplay and forty Best Animated Feature nominations from over 50 different organizations and associations.^[109] The film is nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards.^[110] It received ten out of 14 Annie Awards at the 43rd Annie Awards, including Outstanding Achievement in Directing in an Animated Feature Production for Docter, Outstanding Achievement in Voice Acting in an Animated Feature Production for Smith and Best Animated Feature.^[111][112] The American Film Institute selected Inside Out as one of the Top Ten Films of the year.^[113] The film received the Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film at the 73rd Golden Globe Awards.^[114] It received three Critics' Choice Movie Award nominations including Best Animated Feature.^[115] The New York Film Critics Circle awarded Inside Out Best Animated Film^[116] and it was named Film of the Year by National Board of Review with also winning Best Animated Film.^[117] The film was runner-up for Best Animated Film at Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards^[118] and at San Diego Film Critics Society Awards.^[119][120] It received four nominations from Satellite Awards including Best Screenplay - Original, Best Animated or Mixed Media Feature and Best Original Score.^[121] The film won the award for Best Animated Film at the 69th British Academy Film Awards in London, England, and was also nominated for Best Original Screenplay.

Top ten lists

Inside Out was named one of the best films of 2015 by numerous critics and publications and was ranked second on Rotten Tomatoes and fourth on Metacritic's best scored film of 2015.^{[122][123][124]} According to CriticsTop10, the film appeared in 340 critics' lists, with 27 of them giving the film the number one spot. It is among the most acclaimed films of 2015 alongside Mad Max: Fury Road, Carol, Spotlight, Room, and Brooklyn.^[125]

Potential sequel

On June 24, 2015, when asked about if there are plans for a possible sequel, Pete Docter explained that he had no current plans to create a sequel, stating, "There’s no sequel idea from me at this point," but he also said, "Never say never."^[127] On January 14, 2016, in an interview with Entertainment Weekly, Docter stated that a sequel is possible, and that he and Pixar will explore ideas for a sequel, saying: "We'll see if anything turns up. To me it's not as simple as: 'We liked it, so let's make another one.' What happens is you design these characters not so much looks-wise but as they are as character and people for a story. So we'll explore it and see what happens."^[128]

See also

• Herman's Head, a 1990s live-action television series with a similar concept
• Osmosis Jones, a 2001 live-action/animated hybrid film with a similar concept

References

External links

Wikiquote has quotations related to: Inside Out (2015 film)

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Inside Out (2015 film).

• Official website at Disney
• Official website at Pixar
• Inside Out at the Internet Movie Database
• Inside Out at the Big Cartoon DataBase
• Inside Out at Rotten Tomatoes
• Inside Out at Metacritic
• Inside Out at Box Office Mojo

Pixar Feature films Toy Story (1995) A Bug's Life (1998) Toy Story 2 (1999) Monsters, Inc. (2001) Finding Nemo (2003) The Incredibles (2004) Cars (2006) Ratatouille (2007) WALL-E (2008) Up (2009) Toy Story 3 (2010) Cars 2 (2011) Brave (2012) Monsters University (2013) Inside Out (2015) The Good Dinosaur (2015) Finding Dory (2016) Cars 3 (2017) Coco (2017) Short films Luxo Jr. (1986) Red's Dream (1987) Tin Toy (1988) Knick Knack (1989) Geri's Game (1997) For the Birds (2000) Mike's New Car (2002) Boundin' (2003) One Man Band (2005) Jack-Jack Attack (2005) Mr. Incredible and Pals (2005) Mater and the Ghostlight (2006) Lifted (2006) Your Friend the Rat (2007) Presto (2008) Rescue Squad Mater (2008) Mater the Greater (2008) El Materdor (2008) BURN-E (2008) Tokyo Mater (2008) Partly Cloudy (2009) Dug's Special Mission (2009) George & A.J. (2009) Day & Night (2010) La Luna (2011) Hawaiian Vacation (2011) Small Fry (2011) Partysaurus Rex (2012) The Legend of Mor'du (2012) The Blue Umbrella (2013) Party Central (2013) Lava (2014) Sanjay's Super Team (2015) Riley's First Date? (2015) Short series Cars Toons (2008–present) Toy Story Toons (2011–present) Compilations Tiny Toy Stories (1996) Pixar Short Films Collection, Volume 1 (2007) Pixar Short Films Collection, Volume 2 (2012) Other work Beach Chair (1986) Light & Heavy (1990) Surprise (1991) Television specials Toy Story of Terror! (2013) Toy Story That Time Forgot (2014) Franchises Toy Story (1995–present) Monsters, Inc. (2001–13) Finding Nemo (2003–present) Cars (2006–present) Associated productions The Adventures of André and Wally B. (1984) It's Tough to Be a Bug! (1998) Buzz Lightyear of Star Command: The Adventure Begins (2000) Buzz Lightyear of Star Command (2000–01) Exploring the Reef (2003) Turtle Talk with Crush (2004) John Carter (2012) Planes (2013) Planes: Fire & Rescue (2014) Documentaries The Pixar Story (2007) Products Pixar Image Computer RenderMan Marionette People John Lasseter Edwin Catmull Steve Jobs Alvy Ray Smith Jim Morris Pete Docter Andrew Stanton Ralph Eggleston Brad Bird Lee Unkrich Gary Rydstrom Brenda Chapman Brad Lewis Bob Peterson Joe Ranft Mark Andrews Doug Sweetland Ronnie del Carmen Dan Scanlon Glenn McQueen Dan Lee Justin Wright Peter Sohn Teddy Newton Harley Jessup Enrico Casarosa Angus MacLane James Ford Murphy Tom Myers Josh Cooley See also List of Pixar characters List of Pixar awards and nominations feature films short films List of Pixar film references Computer Graphics Lab Industrial Light & Magic Lucasfilm Animation Circle 7 Animation Pixar Canada A Computer Animated Hand The Works The Pixar universe The Walt Disney Studios Book Category

Films directed by Pete Docter Features Monsters, Inc. (2001) Up (2009) Inside Out (2015) Shorts Mike's New Car (2002)

Awards for Inside Out Annie Award for Best Animated Feature Beauty and the Beast (1992) Aladdin (1993) The Lion King (1994) Pocahontas (1995) Toy Story (1996) Cats Don't Dance (1997) Mulan (1998) The Iron Giant (1999) Toy Story 2 (2000) Shrek (2001) Spirited Away (2002) Finding Nemo (2003) The Incredibles (2004) Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit (2005) Cars (2006) Ratatouille (2007) Kung Fu Panda (2008) Up (2009) How to Train Your Dragon (2010) Rango (2011) Wreck-It Ralph (2012) Frozen (2013) How to Train Your Dragon 2 (2014) Inside Out (2015) BAFTA Award for Best Animated Film Happy Feet (2006) Ratatouille (2007) WALL-E (2008) Up (2009) Toy Story 3 (2010) Rango (2011) Brave (2012) Frozen (2013) The Lego Movie (2014) Inside Out (2015) Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Animated Feature 1998–2000 A Bug's Life – John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton / The Prince of Egypt – Simon Wells, Brenda Chapman, and Steve Hickner (1998) Toy Story 2 – John Lasseter, Lee Unkrich, and Ash Brannon (1999) Chicken Run – Peter Lord and Nick Park (2000) 2001–2010 Shrek – Andrew Adamson and Vicky Jenson (2001) Spirited Away – Hayao Miyazaki (2002) Finding Nemo – Andrew Stanton and Lee Unkrich (2003) The Incredibles – Brad Bird (2004) Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit – Nick Park and Steve Box (2005) Cars – John Lasseter and Joe Ranft (2006) Ratatouille – Brad Bird and Jan Pinkava (2007) WALL-E – Andrew Stanton (2008) Up – Pete Docter and Bob Peterson (2009) Toy Story 3 – Lee Unkrich (2010) 2011–present Rango – Gore Verbinski (2011) Wreck-It Ralph – Rich Moore (2012) Frozen – Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee (2013) The Lego Movie – Phil Lord and Christopher Miller (2014) Inside Out – Pete Docter and Ronnie del Carmen (2015) Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film Cars – John Lasseter (2006) Ratatouille – Brad Bird (2007) WALL-E – Andrew Stanton (2008) Up – Pete Docter (2009) Toy Story 3 – Lee Unkrich (2010) The Adventures of Tintin – Steven Spielberg (2011) Brave – Mark Andrews & Brenda Chapman (2012) Frozen – Chris Buck & Jennifer Lee (2013) How to Train Your Dragon 2 – Dean DeBlois (2014) Inside Out – Pete Docter and Ronnie del Carmen (2015)