Rade language
Not to be confused with Kru’ng language.
| Rade | |
|---|---|
| klei Êđê | |
| Native to | Vietnam |
| Ethnicity | Rade |
Native speakers | 180,000 in Vietnam (2007)[1] |
| Latin | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 |
rad |
| Glottolog |
rade1240 (Rade)[2]biha1246 (Bih)[3] |
Rade (Rhade; Rade: klei Êđê; Vienamese: tiếng Ê-đê or tiếng Ê Đê), is a Malayo-Polynesian language of southern Vietnam. There may be some speakers in Cambodia.
Bih, which has about 1,000 speakers, may be a separate language.[4] Tam Nguyen (2015) reported that there are only 10 speakers of Bih out of an ethnic population of about 400 people.[5]
Phonology
The spelling is shown in italics.
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | short | ĭ /i/ | ư̆ /ɨ/ | ŭ /u/ |
| long | i /iː/ | ư /ɨː/ | u /uː/ | |
| Close-mid | short | ê̆ /e/ | ô̆ /o/ | |
| long | ê /eː/ | ô /oː/ | ||
| Mid | short | ơ̆ /ə/ | ||
| long | ơ /əː/ | |||
| Open-mid | short | ĕ ɛ | ŏ ɔ | |
| long | e ɛː | o ɔː | ||
| Open | short | ă a | ||
| long | a aː | |||
Consonants
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Central | Lateral | ||||||
| Stop | voiceless | p /p/ | t /t/ | č /c/ | k /k/ | /ʔ/ | |
| aspirated | ph /pʰ/ | th /tʰ/ | čh /cʰ/ | kh /kʰ/ | |||
| voiced | b /b/ | d /d/ | j /ɟ/ | g /a/ | |||
| voiced implosive | ƀ /ɓ/ | đ /ɗ/ | dj /ʄ/ | ||||
| Fricative | s /s/ | h /ɨ/ | |||||
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ñ /ɲ/ | ng /ŋ/ | |||
| Liquid | r /ɲ/ | l /l/ | |||||
| Glide | w /w/ | y /j/ | |||||
Subdivisions
Rade subgroups include the following (Y-Chang 1979:vii).
- Mdhur
- Adham
- Blo
- Kơdrao
- Bih
- Krung
- Rdê Kpă
References
- ↑ Rade at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Rade". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- ↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Bih". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- ↑ http://www.hrelp.org/grants/projects/index.php?projid=146
- ↑ Tam Nguyen. 2015. Language endangerment factors: A case study with Bih. Paper presented at SoLE-4, Payap University.
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