IL2RA

Interleukin 2 receptor, alpha
PDB rendering based on 1z92.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1ILM​, 1ILN​, 1Z92​, 2B5I​, 2ERJ​, 3IU3​, 3NFP​
Identifiers
Symbols	IL2RA ; CD25; IDDM10; IL2R; TCGFR; p55
External IDs	OMIM: 147730 MGI: 96549 HomoloGene: 360 ChEMBL: 1778 GeneCards: IL2RA Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • interleukin-2 receptor activity • drug binding • interleukin-2 binding Cellular component • plasma membrane • external side of plasma membrane • integral component of membrane Biological process • inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus • apoptotic process • activation-induced cell death of T cells • inflammatory response • immune response • cell surface receptor signaling pathway • Notch signaling pathway • cell proliferation • interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway • positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation • negative regulation of T cell proliferation • positive regulation of T cell differentiation • regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation • negative regulation of defense response to virus • negative regulation of inflammatory response • negative regulation of immune response Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3559	16184
Ensembl	ENSG00000134460	ENSMUSG00000026770
UniProt	P01589	P01590
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_000417	NM_008367
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000408	NP_032393
Location (UCSC)	Chr 10: 6.01 – 6.06 Mb	Chr 2: 11.64 – 11.69 Mb
PubMed search

Interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL2RA gene.^[1]

The interleukin 2 (IL2) receptor alpha (IL2RA) and beta (IL2RB) chains, together with the common gamma chain (IL2RG), constitute the high-affinity IL2 receptor. Homodimeric alpha chains (IL2RA) result in low-affinity receptor, while homodimeric beta (IL2RB) chains produce a medium-affinity receptor. Normally an integral-membrane protein, soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolyisis. Alternately-spliced IL2RA mRNAs have been isolated, but the significance of each is currently unknown.^[2]

Infection by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi causes Chagas disease, characterized by a reduction in the amount of IL2RA expressed on the surface of immune cells. This leads to chronic immune suppression, becoming increasingly severe over the course of many years and ultimately resulting in death if left untreated.

References

Further reading

PDB gallery 1z92: structure of interleukin-2 with its alpha receptor  2b5i: cytokine receptor complex  2erj: Crystal structure of the heterotrimeric interleukin-2 receptor in complex with interleukin-2