Interleukin-13 receptor
The interleukin-13 receptor is a type I cytokine receptor, binding Interleukin-13. It consists of two subunits, encoded by IL13RA1 and IL4R, respectively.[1][2] These two genes encode the proteins IL-13Rα1 and IL-4Rα. These form a dimer with IL-13 binding to the IL-13Rα1 chain and IL-4Rα stabilises this interaction. This IL-13 receptor can also instigate IL-4 signalling. In both cases this occurs via activation of the Janus kinase (JAK)/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) pathway, resulting in phosphorylation of STAT6. Phosphorylated STAT6 dimerises and acts as a transcription factor activating many genes, such as eotaxin.
There is also another receptor that can bind IL-13: IL-13Rα2 encoded by the IL13RA2 gene. This binds IL-13 with very high affinity (and can therefore sequester it) but does not allow IL-4 binding. It acts as a negative regulator of both IL-13 and IL-4, however the mechanism of this is still undetermined.[3]
References
- ↑ Murata T, Obiri NI, Puri RK (1998). "Structure of and signal transduction through interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 receptors (review)". Int. J. Mol. Med. 1 (3): 551–7. doi:10.3892/ijmm.1.3.551. PMID 9852261.
- ↑ Chomarat P, Banchereau J (1998). "Interleukin-4 and interleukin-13: their similarities and discrepancies". Int. Rev. Immunol. 17 (1–4): 1–52. doi:10.3109/08830189809084486. PMID 9914942.
- ↑ Seyfizadeh, N., Seyfizadeh, N., Babaloo, Z. (2014). "Interleukin-13 as an Important Mediator: A Review on its Roles in Some Human Diseases", Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, In Press.
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