Hypochondrium

Hypochondrium

Thorax and abdomen.

Front of abdomen, showing surface markings for liver, stomach, and great intestine.
Details
Identifiers
Latin regio hypochondriaca
Dorlands
/Elsevier		 h_21/12437993
FMA 20390

Anatomical terminology

In anatomy, the division of the abdomen into regions can employ a nine-region scheme, in which the hypochondrium is the upper part of the abdomen on either side, inferior to the thorax, in the area of the lower ribs.[1] The liver is in the right hypochondrium; the spleen and much of the stomach are in the left hypochondrium. The epigastrium intervenes.

Definitions, etymology, and modern controversies

The word derives from Greek: ὑποχονδρος: hupochondros, meaning abdomen, or literally "under cartilage" or "below the cartilage". The word etymologically once referred only to the soft portion of the abdomen between the rib cage and the navel (the region once believed to be the seat of hypochondriasis), but it is not used that way in modern anatomy's schemes for the regions of the abdomen. However, because the hypochondriac areas of the abdominal cavity lie deep to the lower costal cartilages, the etymological notion of "below the cartilage" still works, thanks to the ambiguity of "under/below" (which can be interpreted as either "inferior to" or "deep to").

Some sources have disputed usage of the term for the parts of the anterior abdominal wall below the costal margins. The region named the right hypochondrium exists anatomically, but is almost totally under the chest wall. In clinical situations, the parts of the abdominal wall just below the right and left costal margins are referred to as the right and left hypochondriac regions respectively. Clinically speaking, symptoms and signs arising from this region are of great importance and have a specific list of diseases in their differential diagnoses.[2]

See also

Additional images

References

  1. ↑ thefreedictionary.com
  2. ↑ M. Aroon Kamath, M.D.. The right hypochondrium… Is it really “right”? A territorial dispute. Doctors Lounge Website. Available at: http://www.doctorslounge.com/index.php/blogs/page/13346. Accessed August 18 2010.

External links


This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Sunday, June 28, 2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.