Humboldt County, California

County of Humboldt
County

Aerial view of Humboldt Bay

Seal

Location in the state of California

California's location in the United States
Country  United States
State  California
Region California North Coast
Incorporated May 12, 1853[1]
Named for Humboldt Bay
County seat Eureka
Largest city Eureka
Area
 • Total 4,052 sq mi (10,490 km2)
 • Land 3,568 sq mi (9,240 km2)
 • Water 484 sq mi (1,250 km2)
Highest elevation[2] 6,960 ft (2,120 m)
Population (April 1, 2010)[3]
 • Total 134,623
 • Estimate (2014)[3] 134,809
 • Density 33/sq mi (13/km2)
Time zone Pacific Time Zone (UTC-8)
 • Summer (DST) Pacific Daylight Time (UTC-7)
Area code(s) 707, 530
Website www.humboldtgov.org

Humboldt County is a county in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 134,623.[4] The county seat is Eureka.[5]

Humboldt County comprises the Eureka-Arcata-Fortuna, CA Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located on the far North Coast 200 miles north of San Francisco.

Its primary population centers of Eureka, the site of College of the Redwoods main campus, and the smaller college town of Arcata, site of Humboldt State University, are located adjacent to Humboldt Bay, California's second largest natural bay.[6] Area cities and towns are known for hundreds of ornate examples of Victorian architecture.

Humboldt County is a densely forested mountainous, and rural county with about 110 miles of coastline (more than any other county in the state)[7] situated along the Pacific coast in Northern California's rugged Coast (Mountain) Ranges. With nearly 1,500,000 acres (6,100 km2) of combined public and private forest in production, Humboldt County alone produces twenty percent of total volume and thirty percent of the total value of all forest products produced in California.[8] The county contains over forty percent of all remaining old growth Coast Redwood forests,[9] the vast majority of which is protected or strictly conserved within dozens of national, state, and local forests and parks, totaling approximately 680,000 acres (over 1,000 square miles).[10]

History

The original inhabitants of the area now known as Humboldt County include the Wiyot, Yurok, Hupa, Karuk, Chilula, Whilkut, and the Eel River Athapaskan peoples, including the Wailaki, Mattole and Nongatl.[11] Andrés de Urdaneta found the coast near Cape Mendocino then followed the coast south to Acapulco in 1565. Spanish traders made unintended visits to California with the Manila Galleons on their return trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565. Humboldt County was formed in 1853 from parts of Trinity County. The first recorded entry by people of European origin was a landing by the Spanish in 1775 in Trinidad.[11]

The first recorded entry of Humboldt Bay by non-natives was an 1806 visit from a sea otter hunting party from Sitka employed by the Russian American Company.[11] The hunting party included Captain Jonathan Winship,an American, and some Aleut hunters.[11][12] The bay was not visited again by people of European origin until 1849 when Josiah Gregg's party visited.[12] In 1850, Douglas Ottinger and Hans Buhne entered the bay, naming it Humboldt in honor of the great naturalist and world explorer, Baron Alexander von Humboldt, and the name was later applied to the country as a whole.

The area around Humboldt Bay was once solely inhabited by the Wiyot Indian tribe. One of the largest Wiyot villages, Tolowot, was located on Indian Island in Humboldt Bay. Founded around 900 BCE, it contains a shell midden 6 acres (2.4 ha) in size and 14 feet (4.3 m) deep. It was the site of the February 26, 1860 massacre of the Wiyot people that was recorded by Bret Harte, then living in Union, now called Arcata. Between 60 and 200 Wiyot men, women, and children were murdered that night. Tolowot is now a restricted site and a National Historic Landmark.[12]

State historic landmarks in Humboldt County include Arcata and Mad River Railroad, California's First Drilled Oil Wells in Petrolia, Camp Curtis, Centerville Beach Cross, the City of Eureka, the town of Ferndale, Fort Humboldt, Humboldt Harbor Historical District, the Jacoby Building, The Old Arrow Tree, Old Indian Village of Tsurai, the Town of Trinidad, and Trinidad Head.[12]

On February 5 and February 6, 1885, Eureka's entire Chinese population of 300 men and 20 women were expelled after a gunfight between rival Chinese gangs (tongs) resulted in the wounding of a 12-year-old boy and the death of 56-year-old David Kendall, a Eureka City Councilman. After the shooting, an angry mob of 600 Eureka residents met and informed the Chinese that they were no longer wanted in Eureka and would be hanged if they were to stay in town longer than 3 p.m. the next day. They were put on two steamships and shipped to San Francisco. No-one was killed in the expulsion. Another Chinese expulsion occurred during 1906 in a cannery on the Eel River, in which 23 Chinese cannery workers were expelled after objections to their presence. However, some Chinese remained in the Orleans area, where some white landowners sheltered and purchased food for the Chinese mineworkers until after racial tension passed. Chinese did not return to the coastal cities until the 1950s.[13]

Climate

The coastal zone of the county experiences wet, cool winters and dry, mild foggy summers. In the winter, highs range from the low 40's to high 50's (5 to 15 °C), with lows in the 30's and 40's (0 to 9 °C). Coastal summers are cool to mild, with average highs in the 60's (16 to 21 °C) and frequent fogs. Moving 20 miles (32 km) inland one can find abundant sunshine and warmth, a significant change from the coast's foggy climate. Numerous shipwrecks have been attributed to severe fog. Coastal summer highs range from the mid-60s to 70's (18 to 21 °C), with lows from the upper 40's to mid 50's (8 to 13 °C). In the populated areas and cities near the coast, the highest temperatures tend to occur at locations just a few miles inland from Eureka and Arcata, in towns like Fortuna, Rio Dell, and smaller unincorporated communities located somewhat further away from Humboldt Bay. In these locations summer highs measure in the low to mid 70's (21 to 24 °C). The coastal zone experiences a number of frosty nights in winter and early spring, though snowfall and hard freezes are rare. Coastal winters are cool and wet. Winter rainstorms are frequent, with averages from 30 inches (760 mm) to 100 inches (2,500 mm) a year varying with elevation.

Inland areas of the county also experience wet, cool winters. Snowfall is common at elevations over 3,000 ft (910 m) throughout the winter months. Summer displays the sharpest difference between the coastal and inland climates. Inland regions of Humboldt County experience highs from the 80's to the 90's (27 to 37 °C) depending on the elevation and distance from the ocean. Occasional summer highs of 100 degrees (38 °C) are common in eastern and southern parts of the county including Orleans, Hoopa, Willow Creek, Garberville, Honeydew, and inland river valleys.

Average daily maximum and minimum temperatures for warmest and coldest months in selected settlements of Humboldt County[14]
Location Month Temp (°F) Temp (°C) Month Temp (°F) Temp (°C)
Eureka August 64/52 18/11 December 55/40 12/4
Arcata September 62/51 17/11 December 54/38 12/3
Ferndale August 71/52 22/11 December 56/39 13/4
Willow Creek July 94/52 34/11 December 50/35 10/1
Garberville August 87/53 31/12 December 49/37 9/3
Shelter Cove August 69/53 21/11 January 57/45 14/7
Orick August 69/49 21/9 January 52/37 11/2

Tectonics

Historically, Humboldt County and the entire far north coast have had many earthquakes over 6.0 magnitude.

The 1992 Cape Mendocino earthquakes were a series of three major earthquakes that occurred off the coast of Cape Mendocino, California on April 25 and 26, 1992, the largest being a 7.2. Ninety-five people were injured and property in the county sustained considerable damage.[15]

In 2010 a 6.5 magnitude earthquake struck offshore, 33 mi. (53 km) west of Eureka, resulting in only minor injuries and some structural damage to houses and utilities, and no fatalities reported.[16]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 4,052 square miles (10,490 km2), of which 3,568 square miles (9,240 km2) is land and 484 square miles (1,250 km2) (12.0%) is water.[17]

Located inside Humboldt County is Cape Mendocino, the westernmost point in California (longitude124 degrees, 24 minutes, 30 seconds).

Humboldt County contains a diversity of plant and animal species, with significant forest and coastal habitats. In coastal areas there are extensive amounts of redwood forests.[18] A prominent understory shrub is the toyon, whose northern range limit is in Humboldt County.[19]

Bay

Humboldt Bay, the only deep water port between San Francisco and Coos Bay, Oregon, is located on the coast at the midpoint of the county.

Rivers

Mouth of Humboldt County's Little River on the Pacific Coast.
Rockefeller Forest, the largest remaining old growth Redwood forest on earth, is located within Humboldt Redwoods State Park.

Humboldt County's major rivers include (in order of flow-cubic meters per second-from largest to smallest):

The smaller rivers include: Redwood Creek, significant due to amount of its flow; the Van Duzen; the Eel River syncline group composed of the South Fork, the North Fork, and the Salt River; the Mattole, Salmon, Elk, Bear, and Little rivers.

National protected areas

National Park

Conservation Area

Recreation Area

Forest

Wildlife Refuge

State protected areas

Beaches

Parks

Recreation Areas

Reserves

County parks

Demographics

2011

Places by population, race, and income

2010

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18602,694—
18706,140127.9%
188015,512152.6%
189023,46951.3%
190027,10415.5%
191033,85724.9%
192037,41310.5%
193043,23315.6%
194045,8126.0%
195069,24151.1%
1960104,89251.5%
197099,692−5.0%
1980108,5148.8%
1990119,1189.8%
2000126,5186.2%
2010134,6236.4%
Est. 2014134,8090.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[40]
1790–1960[41] 1900–1990[42]
1990–2000[43] 2010–2014[4]

The 2010 United States Census reported that Humboldt County had a population of 134,623. The racial makeup of Humboldt County was 109,920 (81.7%) White, 1,505 (1.1%) African American, 7,726 (5.7%) Native American, 2,944 (2.2%) Asian, 352 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 5,003 (3.7%) from other races, and 7,173 (5.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13,211 persons (9.8%).[44]

2000

As of the 2000 census, the population of Humboldt County was 126,518. As of that census, there were 51,238 households in Humboldt County, and the population density was 35 people per square mile (14/km²). By 2006, the population was projected to have increased to 131,361 by the California Department of Finance.[45] There were 55,912 housing units at an average density of 16 per square mile (6/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 84.7% White, 0.9% Black or African American, 5.7% Native American, 1.7% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 2.5% from other races, and 4.4% from two or more races. 6.5% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 13.3% were of German, 10.7% Irish, 10.3% English, 7.4% American and 5.7% Italian ancestry according to Census 2000. 92.1% spoke English and 4.6% Spanish as their first language.

There were 51,238 households out of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.1% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.2% were non-families. 28.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the county the population was spread out with 23.2% under the age of 18, 12.4% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 24.5% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.6 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $31,226, and the median income for a family was $39,370. Males had a median income of $32,210 versus $23,942 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,203. About 12.9% of families and 19.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.5% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over.

The Lanphere Dunes, a protected coastal environment

Agriculture

Humboldt County is known for its impressive redwood trees, and many acres of private redwood timberland make Humboldt the top timber producer in California. The lush river bottoms adjacent to the ocean are renowned for producing rich, high-quality dairy products. Somewhat more inland the warmer valleys have historically produced abundant apples and other fruit. More recently vineyards have been planted in the Trinity, Klamath, Mattole and upper Eel river valleys.

Dairy

Humboldt County is known for its quality family operated dairy farms. The Humboldt Creamery, a significant producer of high grade ice cream and other dairy products, still operates from the original headquarters located at Fernbridge adjacent to the Eel River.[46]

Marijuana

Humboldt County is known for its cultural attributes associated with the cultivation and proliferation of marijuana.[47][48] Proposition 215 allows patients and caregivers who are given a doctor's recommendation to legally (State level only) grow up to 99 plants in Humboldt County.[49] David Samuels of The New Yorker describes the county as "the heartland of high-grade marijuana farming in California."[50] However, in the years before Prop 215 (early 1970s-late 1980s), Humboldt County saw a large migration of the Bay Area counter-culture to its region. Many came looking to purchase cheap land, and ended up growing marijuana to pay for their land. Especially around Garberville and Redway, the rural culture and hippie scene eventually collaborated to create a rural hippie community in which marijuana became the center of the economy. Many people prospered by exporting their marijuana down the California coast and to other states because of its reputation for quality. A Redway radio station, KMUD, in the past has issued warnings and alerts to the region with information on whereabouts of law enforcement on their way to raid marijuana gardens.[51] The 2008 independent film Humboldt County centers on the county's marijuana cultivation subculture.

Politics

Voter registration

Cities by population and voter registration

Overview

Humboldt County vote
by party in presidential elections
Year GOP DEM Others
2012 33.8% 15,653 60.0% 27,757 6.2% 2,859
2008 34.1% 21,713 62.3% 39,692 4.0% 2,559
2004 39.0% 25,714 57.7% 37,988 3.3% 2,184
2000 41.5% 23,219 44.4% 24,851 14.1% 7,902
1996 35.5% 19,803 44.2% 24,628 20.3% 11,326
1992 30.5% 18,299 48.1% 28,854 21.4% 12,868
1988 41.2% 21,460 57.1% 29,781 1.7% 905
1984 51.6% 27,832 46.8% 25,217 1.6% 842
1980 49.4% 24,047 35.2% 17,113 15.5% 7,532
1976 41.6 18,034 54.2% 23,500 4.2% 1,838
1972 48.8% 22,345 46.2% 21,132 5.0% 2,286
1968 46.2% 16,719 45.5% 16,476 8.3% 3,019
1964 33.5% 12,909 66.3% 25,515 0.2% 75
1960 46.7% 18,074 52.7% 20,391 0.6% 226
1956 52.6% 19,019 47.1% 17,025 0.4% 133
1952 60.1% 19,949 39.0% 12,949 0.9% 293
1948 47.2% 10,979 48.4% 11,268 4.4% 1,019
1944 42.9% 9,127 56.8% 12,083 0.2% 50
1940 43.0% 9,470 56.0% 12,329 1.0% 225
1936 36.0% 6,808 62.9% 11,909 1.1% 208
1932 42.2% 6,795 54.2% 8,723 3.6% 577
1928 69.8% 9,162 28.4% 3,726 1.9% 247
1924 56.8% 6,767 7.1% 845 36.1% 4,298
1920 69.9% 6,528 19.0% 1,778 11.1% 1,034
Election results from statewide races
Year Office Results
2010 Governor Brown 56.3 - 36.2%
Lieutenant Governor Newsom 53.7 - 34.9%
Secretary of State Bowen 54.3 - 33.6%
Controller Chiang 58.0 - 30.1%
Treasurer Lockyer 57.6 - 31.4%
Attorney General Harris 50.0 - 36.9%
Insurance Commissioner Jones 49.0 - 33.2%

From 1920 to 1984, the county voted for the national winner of each Presidential election held within these years. Since 1988, Humboldt has been a Democratic county in Presidential and congressional elections. The last Republican presidential candidate to win a majority in the county was Ronald Reagan, a Californian, in 1984.[53]

Humboldt County is in California's 2nd congressional district, represented by Democrat Jared Huffman.[54]

In the state legislature, Humboldt is part of the 2nd Senate District, represented by Democrat Mike McGuire,[55] and the 2nd Assembly District, represented by Democrat Jim Wood.[56]

Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Cities by population and crime rates

Education

The List of schools in Humboldt County, California shows the many school districts, including charter and private schools, at the elementary and high school level. Post-secondary education is offered locally at the College of the Redwoods and Humboldt State University. Blue Lake's Dell'Arte International School of Physical Theatre offers accredited three-year Masters of Fine Arts in Ensemble Based Physical Theatre

Culture

Media

Print

The Times-Standard is the only daily newspaper in the region; in continuous publication since 1854, and owned by Media News Group since 1996,[61][62] they also print three weeklies: the Redwood Times,[63] the Tri-City Weekly,[64] and Northcoast 101.[65] Other local publications include The Independent, the North Coast Journal,[66] the Ferndale Enterprise,[67] the Two Rivers Tribune,[68] the Isis Scrolls,[69] and The Lumberjack.[70] The Arcata Eye and the McKinleyville Press merged in August 2013 to form the Mad River Union.[71][72]

Television

Humboldt County's locally produced television stations, KIEM and KEET, are based in Eureka. KIEM produces the only local TV newscast and KEET is the only PBS station in the region. CBS and Fox affiliates KVIQ and KBVU, the latter a semi-satellite of KCVU, are based in Chico and ABC affiliate KAEF, a semi-satellite of KRCR-TV, is based in Redding. In previous decades all major networks had production capacity in Eureka.

Radio

For-profit

Non-profit

Community media

Community broadband networks and public, educational, and government access (PEG) cable tv channels provide air time for local voices on Access Humboldt.[94] Cable TV channels are carried by Suddenlink Communications[95] and local programs are provided online through the Community Media Archive.[96] The Digital Redwoods initiative of Access Humboldt is developing local networks to meet comprehensive community needs, including public, education and government purposes.[97]

Transportation

Historic Fernbridge (1911) on the "Road to Ferndale" - California State Route 211

Major highways

Public transportation

Airports

Arcata-Eureka Airport is located in McKinleyville (north of Arcata). Commercial flights are available. Other (general aviation) airports are located at Dinsmore, Garberville, Kneeland, Murray Field (Eureka), Samoa Field and Rohnerville (Fortuna).

Seaport

Port of Humboldt Bay - on Humboldt Bay, California's second largest natural bay.

Events

Name Month Location Citation
Apple Harvest Festival October Fortuna [98]
Arcata Oyster Festival June Arcata Plaza [99]
Azalea Festival June McKinleyville
Avenue of The Giants Marathon May Southern Humboldt [100]
Blackberry Festival July Westhaven [101]
Blues by the Bay July Eureka [102]
Brew at the Zoo May Eureka [103]
Chicken Wingfest September Eureka [104]
Craftsman's Days November Eureka [105]
College of the Redwoods Wood Fair June Eureka [106]
Fourth of July Festival July 4 Old Town Eureka [107]
Humboldt Pride September Arcata [108]
Godwit Days (Birding festival) April Arcata [109]
Humboldt Arts Festival May Arcata/Blue Lake [110]
Humboldt County Fair August Ferndale [111]
Humboldt Film Festival March & April Arcata [112]
Humboldt Juggling Festival April/May Arcata (HSU) [113]
Humboldt Redwoods Marathon October Southern Humboldt [114]
Mushroom Fair November Eureka [115]
North Country Fair September Arcata [116]
Organic Planet Festival September Eureka [117]
Redwood Acres Fair June Eureka [118]
Redwood Coast Jazz Festival March Eureka [119]
Redwood Run June Southern Humboldt [120]
Rhododendron Festival and Parade April Eureka [121]
Roll on the Mattole Summer Mattole Grange [122]
Summer Arts and Music Festival June Benbow [123]
Swauger's Station Day July Loleta [124]
Tour of Loleta (by Bicycle) July Loleta [125]
Tour of the Unknown Coast (by Bicycle) May Southern Humboldt [126]
Trinidad Fish Festival June Trinidad [127]
Trinidad to Clam Beach Run February Trinidad [128]
Truckers Christmas Parade December Eureka [129]
Two Rivers Harvest Festival October Willow Creek [130]
World-Championship Kinetic Sculpture Race May Arcata to Ferndale [131]
Zootini August Eureka [103]

Communities

The Carson Mansion of Eureka, the premier Victorian home of the State, in a county where hundreds of 19th Century homes remain.

Cities

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

Indian reservations

Humboldt County has eight Indian reservations lying within its borders. Only four other counties in the United States have more: San Diego County, California; Sandoval County, New Mexico; Riverside County, California; and Mendocino County, California. The Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation is the largest in the state of California, a state that generally has very small reservations (although very numerous) relative to those in other states.

Notable people

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Other = Some other race + Two or more races
  2. ↑ Native American = Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander + American Indian or Alaska Native
  3. 1 2 Percentage of registered voters with respect to total population. Percentages of party members with respect to registered voters follow.
  4. ↑ Only larceny-theft cases involving property over $400 in value are reported as property crimes.

References

  1. ↑ Kerr, J.M. - The Codes of California. - 1905. - p.1043.
  2. ↑ "Salmon Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  3. 1 2 "American Fact Finder - Results". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
  4. 1 2 "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 26, 2014.
  5. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  6. ↑ Discover Humboldt Bay. - Humboldt Bay Harbor, Recreation and Conservation District. - Retrieved: 2008-07-13
  7. ↑ "California Coastal Trail.info". Retrieved September 3, 2013.
  8. ↑ Forestry, Forest Industry, and Forest Products Consumption in California. University of California, Davis: Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. - (Adobe Acrobat *.PDF document). - Retrieved: 2008-03-30
  9. ↑ Area of Old-Growth Forests in California, Oregon, and Washington. - United States Forest Service - USDA. - (Adobe Acrobat *.PDF document). - Retrieved: 2007-11-18
  10. ↑ Humboldt County Public Lands. - Humboldt County Community Development Services. - (Adobe Acrobat *.PDF document). - Retrieved: 2007-11-19
  11. 1 2 3 4 Van Kirk, Susie, Humboldt County: A Briefest of Histories, Humboldt County Historical Society, May 1999
  12. 1 2 3 4 Humboldt County State Designated Historical Landmarks. - California Historical Landmarks
  13. ↑ Easthouse, Keith. - "The Chinese Expulsion: Looking Back on a Dark Episode". - North Coast Journal. - February 27, 2003. - Retrieved: 2006-11-26
  14. ↑ "California climate averages". Weatherbase. Retrieved October 31, 2015.
  15. ↑ Cape Mendocino, California Earthquakes , U.S.G.S. (April 25, 1992)
  16. ↑ Magnitude 6.5 - OFFSHORE NORTHERN CALIFORNIA, U.S.G.S. (January 9, 2010)
  17. ↑ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved September 26, 2015.
  18. ↑ Neil G. Sugihara, Jan W. Van Wagtendonk, Kevin E. Shaffer, JoAnn Fites-Kaufman, Andrea E. Thode (2006) Fire in California's Ecosystems, University of California Press, 596 pages ISBN 0-520-24605-5
  19. ↑ C. Michael Hogan (2008) Toyon: Heteromeles arbutifolia, GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg
  20. ↑ A.W. Way Park, Humboldt County Parks, 2013
  21. ↑ Big Lagoon Park, Humboldt County Parks, 2013
  22. ↑ Centerville Beach, Humboldt County Parks, 2013
  23. ↑ Clam Beach, Humboldt County Parks, 2013
  24. ↑ Crab Park, Humboldt County Parks, 2013
  25. ↑ Freshwater Park, Humboldt County Parks, 2013
  26. ↑ Hammond Trail, Humboldt County Parks, 2013
  27. ↑ Luffenholtz Beach, Humboldt County Parks, 2013
  28. ↑ Mad River, Humboldt County Parks, 2013
  29. ↑ Margarite Lockwood, Humboldt County Parks, 2013
  30. ↑ Moonstone Beach, Humboldt County Parks, 2013
  31. ↑ Van Duzen Pamplin Grove, Humboldt County Parks, 2013
  32. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B02001. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  33. 1 2 U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B03003. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  34. 1 2 U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19301. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
  35. 1 2 U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19013. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
  36. 1 2 U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19113. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
  37. 1 2 U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
  38. ↑ U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B01003. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
  39. 1 2 3 4 5 Data unavailable
  40. ↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 26, 2015.
  41. ↑ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved September 26, 2015.
  42. ↑ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 26, 2015.
  43. ↑ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Retrieved September 26, 2015.
  44. ↑ "2010 Census P.L. 94-171 Summary File Data". United States Census Bureau.
  45. ↑ "California State Statistical Abstract 2007". Dof.ca.gov. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
  46. ↑ Wilson, Emily (November 2, 2006). "On ice cream, organic milk and avoiding corporate takeovers". The North Coast Journal. Retrieved December 29, 2008.
  47. ↑ California to Let Voters Decide on Marijuana Legalization, PBS News Hour, aired 13 October 2010.
  48. ↑ Heart of the Emerald Triangle, The Believer, June 2014
  49. ↑ "Humboldt County Medical Marijuana Guidelines". Safeaccessnow.net. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
  50. ↑ Samuels, David. - A Reporter at Large: "Dr. Kush: How medical marijuana is transforming the weed industry". The New Yorker, July 28, 2008.
  51. ↑ Anderson, Glenda (2010-04-25). "Garberville's KMUD radio alerts: Helpful or dangerous?". PressDemocrat.com. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
  52. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 California Secretary of State. February 10, 2013 - Report of Registration. Retrieved 2013-10-31.
  53. ↑ United States Historical Election Returns Series, University of Michigan, 2013
  54. ↑ "California's 2nd Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC. Retrieved March 1, 2013.
  55. ↑ "Senators". State of California. Retrieved March 10, 2013.
  56. ↑ "Members Assembly". State of California. Retrieved March 2, 2013.
  57. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Office of the Attorney General, Department of Justice, State of California. Table 11: Crimes – 2009. Retrieved 2013-11-14.
  58. 1 2 3 United States Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation. Crime in the United States, 2012, Table 8 (California). Retrieved 2013-11-14.
  59. ↑ Sequoia Park Zoo, 2013
  60. ↑ "Ferndale Repertory Theatre". 2013. Retrieved December 10, 2011.
  61. ↑ Honoring the 150th Anniversary of the Times-Standard, Congressional Record, November 18, 2004
  62. ↑ Times-Standard - History
  63. ↑ Redwood Times Website
  64. ↑ Tri-City Weekly Website
  65. ↑ North Coast 101 Website
  66. ↑ The North Coast Journal Website
  67. ↑ Ferndale Enterprise homepage
  68. ↑ Two Rivers Tribune Website
  69. ↑ Isis Scrolls Website
  70. ↑ The Lumberjack Website
  71. ↑ The Arcata Eye Website
  72. ↑ McKinleyville Press Website
  73. ↑ KATA
  74. ↑ KEKA
  75. ↑ KFMI
  76. ↑ KGOE
  77. ↑ KHUM
  78. ↑ KINS
  79. ↑ KISS-FM>
  80. ↑ KKHB
  81. ↑ KNCR
  82. ↑ KRED
  83. ↑ KSLG
  84. ↑ KWPT
  85. ↑ KWSW
  86. ↑ KXGO
  87. ↑ KIDE
  88. ↑ KHSU
  89. ↑ Blue Ox Radio
  90. ↑ KMUD
  91. ↑ KMUE upgraded and moved to new frequency, Humboldt Beacon, April 10, 2012
  92. 1 2 Jefferson Public Radio
  93. ↑ KRFH
  94. ↑ Access Humboldt
  95. ↑ Suddenlink
  96. ↑ Community Media Archive
  97. ↑ Digital Redwoods
  98. ↑ Apple Harvest Festival October 6 and 7, 2012, accessed 22 March 2013
  99. ↑ Arcata Oyster Festival, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  100. ↑ Avenue of the Giants Marathon Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  101. ↑ Blackberry Festival, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  102. ↑ Blues by the Bay, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  103. 1 2 sequoiaparkzoo.net Sequoia Park Zoo Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  104. ↑ "Businesses Against Meth Use". Chicken Wing Fest. Retrieved 2012-07-26., accessed 22 March 2013
  105. ↑ Craftsman's Days, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  106. ↑ Community and Economic Development Wood Fair 2012, College of the Redwoods, accessed 22 March 2013
  107. ↑ 4th of July Festival, Eureka Main Street, accessed 22 March 2013
  108. ↑ Humboldt Pride Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  109. ↑ Godwit Days website, accessed 22 March 2013
  110. ↑ Humboldt Arts Festival, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  111. ↑ Humboldt County Fair, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  112. ↑ "Reel Revolution". Humboldt Magazine, accessdate = 22 March 2013.
  113. ↑ Humboldt Juggling Society, 2012, accessed 25 November 2013
  114. ↑ Humboldt Redwoods Marathon, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  115. ↑ Mushroom Fair, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  116. ↑ North Country Fair Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  117. ↑ Organic Planet Festival Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  118. ↑ Redwood Acres Fair Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  119. ↑ Redwood Coast Jazz Fest, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  120. ↑ Kiwanis Redwood Run Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  121. ↑ Rhododendron Parade, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  122. ↑ NCJ Calendar, accessed 22 March 2013
  123. ↑ The 37th Annual Summer Arts and Music Festival, accessed 22 March 2013
  124. ↑ Loleta, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  125. ↑ "Tour of Loleta Bike Race & Fun Ride". Tourofloleta.com. 2012-07-08. Retrieved March 22, 2013.
  126. ↑ Tour of the Unknown Coast Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  127. ↑ Trinidad Fish Festival, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  128. ↑ Trinidad to Clam Beach Run Website, accessed 22 March 2013
  129. ↑ Truckers Christmas Parade, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  130. ↑ 1st Annual Two Rivers Harvest Festival, North Coast Journal, 2009, accessed 22 March 2013
  131. ↑ Kinetic Grand Championship, Humboldt County Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2013, accessed 22 March 2013
  132. ↑ History of Humboldt County California - Historic Record Co., Los Angeles, 1915, Transcribed by Kathy Sedler, CHAPTER VII. Grant's Career in Humboldt County, California Genealogy & History Archives transcription, Internet Archive, page 52
  133. ↑ Fort Humboldt State Historic Park
  134. ↑ California Military Museum
  135. ↑ California. Adjutant General's Office, Records of California men in the war of the rebellion 1861 to 1867, SACRAMENTO: State Office, J. D. Young, Supt. State Printing, 1890, pp. 11, 826-831

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