Hubli

For the Indian film, see Hubli (film).
Hubli
ಹುಬ್ಬಳ್ಳಿ
Metropolis
Hubballi.

Panoramic View of Hubli Eastern suburbs from Nrupatunga Hill

  • Hubli railway central station

Nickname(s): Chota Mumbai,[1] Twin cities, Hubballi-Dharwad, Metropolitan area of Hubli Dharwad.
Hubli

Location of Hubli

Coordinates: 15°21′42″N 75°05′06″E / 15.36167°N 75.08500°E / 15.36167; 75.08500Coordinates: 15°21′42″N 75°05′06″E / 15.36167°N 75.08500°E / 15.36167; 75.08500
Country  India
State Karnataka
Government
 • Mayor Ashwini Majjgi
Area
 • Metropolis 406.2 km2 (156.8 sq mi)
Elevation 671 m (2,201 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Metropolis 1,847,023
 • Rank 14
 • Density 4,500/km2 (12,000/sq mi)
 • Metro[2] 1,349,563
Time zone IST (UTC+05:30)
Pincode(s) 580001 - 580064[including Dharwad west end]
Area code(s) +91-836
Vehicle registration KA 25[ Hubli central area],KA 63[Hubli west]
Official language Kannada
Website http://www.hdmc.gov.in

Hubli officially known as Hubballi is the second largest city in Karnataka. It is one of the fastest growing agglomerating city in the state of Karnataka, India. The name Hubballi literally means "Flowering creeper" in Kannada. The twin cities of Hubli and Dharwad, collectively referred to as "Hubli-Dharwad", is the largest city in Karnataka after Bengaluru. While Dharwad is the administrative headquarters, the city of Hubli, situated about 20 km south-east of Dharwad, is the commercial center and business hub of North Karnataka region. Crops including cotton, chilly and peanuts are grown aplenty in the surrounding rural agricultural areas, and Hubli is a major trading center for these commodities. It is also an important city for the Indian Railways, as it is the headquarters for South Western Railway Zone and the Hubli Railway Division. Hubli is a major railway junction in North Karnataka. It is also the headquarters of North Western Karnataka Road Transport Corporation. Hubli also houses the largest number of government offices outside Bangalore.

The twin cities of Hubli and Dharwad have been selected as two of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as smart cities under PM Narendra Modi's flagship Smart Cities Mission. [3]

History

Rayara Hubli, also called 'Eleya Purvada Halli' or 'Purballi' was the old Hubli, where there is a Bhavani Shankara temple and Jaina basti. Under Vijayanagara Rayas, Rayara Hubli grew as a commercial centre, famous for trade in cotton, saltpetre and iron. Under the rule of the Adilshahis, the British opened a factory here. The factory was looted by Shivaji in 1673. The Mughals conquered Rayara Hubli and it was then placed under the governance of the Nawab of Savanur, who built a new extension named Majidpura. Later, trader Basappa Shettar built new Hubli around the Durgadabail (fort maidan) part of Rayara Hubli.

Hubli's famous Moorusavira Matha is claimed to have been established by a Sharana of Basaveshwara's period. Hubli was conquered by the Marathas from the Nawab of Savanur in 1755-56. In the following years, Hubli was conquered by Hyder Ali, only to be recaptured by the Marathas in 1790. At this point in time the old town was administered by a person named Phadke under the Peshwas and the new town was under the administration of the Sangli Patwardhan. The British took Old Hubli from the Peshwas in 1817. The new town, with 47 other villages, was handed over to the British by the Sangli Patwardhan in lieu of subsidy in 1820. Later in 1880, the British started the Railway workshop and with this, Hubli came to be reckoned as an industrial centre in this part of India.

The impressive Chandramauleshwara/ Chaturlinga temple in Unkal are of Chalukyan times. Kundgol, 15 km south of Hubli, has the huge Shambhu Linga temple of Chalukyan times.[4]

Demographics

The population of Hubli-Dharwad, as per provisional census 2011 figures, is 1,349,563.[5] Hubli-Dharwad's population increased 22.99% between 1981 and 1991, from 527,108 to 648,298; and by 21.2% between 1991 and 2001. The corporation covers 202 km2. It is the second largest and second most populated city in the state of Karnataka. It has a large floating population of over 2 lakh which stands second after Bangalore in Karnataka.

Religions in Hubli dharwad
Religion Percent
Hindus
  
 73%
Muslims
  
 21%
Christians
  
 5.6%
Others†
  
 0.4%
Distribution of religions
†Includes Sikhs (0.2%), Buddhists (<0.2%).

Climate

Hubli-Dharwad has a tropical wet and dry climate. Summers are hot and dry, lasting from late February to early June. They are followed by the monsoon season, with moderate temperatures and a large amount of precipitation. Temperatures are fairly moderate from late October to early February, with virtually no rainfall. Hubli is 640 meters above M.S.L. The average yearly rainfall is 838 mm.[6]

Climate data for Hubli
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 29.1
(84.4)		 31.7
(89.1)		 34.5
(94.1)		 36
(97)		 34.5
(94.1)		 28.2
(82.8)		 25.9
(78.6)		 25.6
(78.1)		 27.7
(81.9)		 29.2
(84.6)		 28.7
(83.7)		 28.2
(82.8)		 29.94
(85.93)
Average low °C (°F) 14.5
(58.1)		 15.7
(60.3)		 18.6
(65.5)		 22
(72)		 22
(72)		 20.9
(69.6)		 20.9
(69.6)		 20.2
(68.4)		 19.6
(67.3)		 18.8
(65.8)		 16.5
(61.7)		 14.3
(57.7)		 18.67
(65.67)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 10
(0.39)		 40
(1.57)		 60
(2.36)		 150
(5.91)		 210
(8.27)		 200
(7.87)		 110
(4.33)		 60
(2.36)		 30
(1.18)		 0
(0)		 870
(34.24)
Source: source=YR

Hubballi-Dharwad municipal corporation

Hubballi-Dharwad Municipal Corporation (HDMC) was constituted in 1962 by combining the two cities separated by a distance of 20 kilometers. The area covered by the corporation is 202.3 km2. spread over 45 revenue villages and is the second largest city corporation in Karnataka after Bangalore. The population of the city as per the 1991 census was 7 lakhs. The present population is more than 12 lakhs. Hubballi Municipal Council was established Under the Government of India Act of 1850 and the Dharwad Municipal Council first came into existence on 1 January 1856. Both were merged later and after the capital city of Bengaluru, this is the largest city Corporation in the State.[7][7]

Economy

Main article: Economy of Hubli

Hubli is the commercial hub of Karnataka, it has a wide cluster of industries and has more than a lakh small and medium industries.[8] The Government of India has set up a Software Technology park on Pune–Bangalore Road and Aryabhatta Tech Park in Navanagar region of Hubli. The city is situated on the dividing line between Malnad and the Deccan plateau. Malnad is well known for its forests and forest-based industries and the other three sides are known for their agricultural products including cotton, groundnut and oil seeds, besides manganese ore and granite. The establishment of new-generation diesel locomotive shed in the city by Indian railways was another major boost for development of Industries in this region as this was first of its kind in Indian Railways history. The diesel locomotive shed at Hubli is the largest holder of EMD locomotive in India and was set up in 1880. The agricultural produce market of Hubli at Amargol is one of the largest markets in Asia and the cotton market of Hubli is among the largest in India.

Transport

South Western Railway headquarters, Hubli railway station

Air

Hubli Airport (IATA: HBX, ICAO: VOHB) is one of the operational airports in north Karnataka. Spice Jet operates flights to Bangalore, Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, and Jabalpur. Air Pegasus started its operation from 13/04/2015 from Hubli to Bangalore and Chennai. It is currently being upgraded to an international airport and a sanction of Rs 160 crore has been made available for this purpose.[9]

Rail

Hubli is the headquarters of the South Western Railway zone. It was carved out as a zone from the current South Central Railway. It is the centre for the Hubli Division. The Hubli Division is one of the highest revenue generating divisions in India. Hubli is well-connected by the Indian Rail Network. Several express, superfast and Shatabdi trains ply between Hubli and Bangalore every day. Hubli, an important railway junction, has daily trains connecting with major towns across the country. An upcoming monorail project at Hubli city is set to boost the intercity transport.[10]

Road

Hubli lies on the "Golden Quadrilateral". Asian Highway 47 passes through Hubli. It lies on National Highway 63 (Ankola - Gooty) and National Highway 218 (Hubli - Humnabad) which connect Hubli with major cities in the region. NWKRTC (North West Karnataka Road Transport Corporation) is a state run corporation headquartered at Hubli. There is frequent inter-city transportation between Hubli and Dharwad. Bus services from the twin-cities go to every part of Karnataka, neighboring states, and other popular destinations. There are many private bus operators who render services for overnight travel between Hubli and other major cities. A bus rapid-transit system (BRTS) is under construction in Hubli. It will have a length of 70 km and is being built on an eight-lane expressway between Hubli and Dharwad. It will be funded by government of Karnataka and will be managed by HDBRTS Company.

Education

Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences

Hubli is well provided with pre-university, engineering colleges as well as universities. The twin city of Hubli-Dharwad has been nicknamed "Shikshana Kashi" due to its long list of prominent educational institutions. The city has 4 universities. Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), formerly known as Karnataka Medical College, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka State Law University and Karnatak University is situated in Dharwad. The District Institute of Education and Training (DIET), a 150-year-old institute, is a premier teachers training institute in India. There are many engineering colleges present in the city. An Indian Institute of Information Technology(IIIT) has been sanctioned to the city which will start functioning in the year 2015.

Media

Hubli is home to a number of dailies. Samyukta Karnataka, the oldest and most famous Kannada daily, started out in this very city and is headquartered at Koppikar Road. The twin cities have been the center for publishing newspapers and magazines. Famous dailies including The Times Of India, The Hindu, Deccan Herald, Prajawani, Vishwavani, Samyukta Karnataka, Indian Express, Horanadu, Kannada Prabha, Vijaya Karnataka, Sanjewani,Hosa Digantha, Vishwavani and several weeklies including Prapancha are published from here. There is an All India Radio station in Dharwad. There are several private and government libraries to cater to the reading needs of the public.

Culture and society

Chandramouleshwara Temple

Hubli-Dharwad is known as cultural, educational and music capital of Karnataka.[11] It has produced some of the most well-known Hindustani music exponents including Mallikarjun Mansur, Bhimsen Joshi, Gangubai Hangal and Basavaraj Rajguru and poets D. R. Bendre and V. K. Gokak.

Sufi shrines

Hubli has several notable Sufi dargahs such as the ones of Hazrat Noor Mohammed Shah Qadri, Hazrat Ghaib Shah, Hazrat Muhiuddin Deevan, Hazrat Sayyed Sadat, etc. In earlier days, almost every street in Hubli had a dargah, where people of all religions participated in the death anniversaries (urs) of the saints. The shrine of Sayyed Fateh Shah Wali was visited by Tippu Sultan during his campaign against the Nawab of Savanur. The shrine of Bodke Shah Wali, near the Hubli Railway Station, was built with the land and funds donated by the British India Government. There is also the shrine built by Mohammed Adil Shah in 1646, which has 2 strands of hair of the Prophet Muhammad, and is displayed to the public for 2 days every year during the Eid-e-Milad (Prophet Muhammad's birthday)[12]

Places of interest

References

External links

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