Hoshiarpur district

Hoshiarpur district
ਹੁਸ਼ਿਆਰਪੁਰ ਜ਼ਿਲ੍ਹਾ
District
Located in the northwest part of the state
Location in Punjab, India
Coordinates: 31°35′N 75°59′E / 31.583°N 75.983°E / 31.583; 75.983Coordinates: 31°35′N 75°59′E / 31.583°N 75.983°E / 31.583; 75.983
Country  India
State Punjab
Headquarters Hoshiarpur
Government
 • Deputy commissioner Anindita Mitra[1]
Area
 • Total 3,365 km2 (1,299 sq mi)
Population (2011)‡[›]
 • Total 1,579,160
 • Density 470/km2 (1,200/sq mi)
Languages
 • Official Punjabi
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
Literacy 85.40%
Website hoshiarpur.nic.in

Hoshiarpur District is a district of Punjab state in northern India. Hoshiarpur, one of the oldest districts of Punjab, is located in the North-east part of the Punjab state and shares common boundaries with Gurdaspur district in the north-west, Jalandhar and Kapurthala districts in south-west, Kangra and Una districts of Himachal Pradesh in the north-east. Hoshiarpur district comprises 4 sub-divisions, 10 community development blocks, 9 urban local bodies and 1417 villages. The district has an area of 3365 km2. and a population of 14,80,736 persons as per census 2001.

Hoshiarpur along with the districts of Nawanshehar, Kapurthala and parts of Jalandhar represents one of the cultural region of Punjab called Doaba or the Bist Doab - the tract of land between two rivers namely Beas and Sutlej. The area along with the Shivalik foothills on the right side of Chandigarh-Pathankot road in Hoshiarpur is submountainous and this part of the district is also known as Kandi area. The two rivers, Sutlej and Beas along with two other seasonal streams provide drainage to the region. Besides these, the Kandi region is full of seasonal streams.

It falls into two nearly equal portions of hill and plain country. Its eastern face consists of the westward slope of the Solar Singhi Hills; parallel with that ridge, a line of lower heights belonging to the Siwalik Range traverses the district from south to north, while between the two chains stretches a valley of uneven width, known as the Jaswan Dun. Its upper portion is crossed by the Sohan torrent, while the Sutlej sweeps into its lower end through a break in the hills, and flows in a southerly direction until it turns the flank of the central range, and debouches westwards upon the plains. This western plain consists of alluvial formation, with a general westerly slope owing to the deposit of silt from the mountain torrents in the sub-montane tract. The Beas has a fringe of lowland, open to moderate but not excessive inundations, and considered very fertile. A considerable area is covered by government woodlands, under the care of the forest department. Rice is largely grown, in the marshy flats along the banks of the Beas. Several religious fairs are held, at Anandpur Sahib, Dasuya, Mukerian and Chintpurni, all of which attract an enormous concourse of people. The district, owing to its proximity to the hills, possesses a comparatively cool and humid climate. Cotton fabrics are manufactured, and sugar, rice, other grains and indigo are among the exports.

Hoshiarpur is also known as a City of Saints. There are many Deras in this district. The District Govt. College was once a campus for Punjab University.

History

The area of present Hoshiarpur District was also part of Indus Valley Civilization. Recent excavations at various sites in the district have revealed that the entire area near the Shivalik foothills was selected for habitation not only by the early Paleolithic man but also by those in the protohistoric and historic periods. The legends associate several places in the district with Pandavas. Dasuya is mentioned in epic of Mahabharata as the seat of Raja Virata in whose services the Pandavas remained for thirteen years during their exile. Bham, about 11 km west of Mahilpur, is said to be the place where the Pandavas passed their exile. Lasara, about 19 km north of Jaijon, also contains a stone temple stated to date back to the time of Pandavas. According to the Chinese pilgrim, Hieun Tsang, the area of Hoshiarpur was dominated by a tribe of Chandrabansi Rajputs, who maintained an independent existence for centuries before the Muhammadan conquest.

The country around Hoshiarpur formed part of the old kingdom of Katoch in Jalandhar. The state was eventually broken up, and the present district was divided between the, rajas of Datarpur and Jaswan. They retained undisturbed possession of their territories until 1759, when the rising Sikh chieftains commenced a series of encroachments upon the hill tracts. In 1815 Maharaja Ranjit Singh, forced the ruler of Jaswan to resign his territories in exchange for an estate on feudal tenure; three years later the raja of Datarpur met with similar treatment. By the close of the year 1818 the whole country from the Sutlej to the Beas had come under the government of Lahore, and after the First Anglo-Sikh War in 1846 passed to the British government. The deposed rajas of Datarpur and Jaswan received cash pensions from the new rulers, but expressed bitter disappointment at not being restored to their former sovereign position. Accordingly the outbreak of the Second Anglo-Sikh War, in 1848 found the disaffected chieftains ready for rebellion. They organized a revolt, but the two rajas and the other ringleaders were captured, and their estates confiscated. Hoshiarpur is an ancient centre of Hindu epics and culture itself. In Bajwara (4 km east on Una Road from the present city) ruins of an ancient culture can still be found. Mythologically, Teh Dasuya of this district is estimated to be King Virat's kingdom where Pandavas spent their one-year exile.

Bhrigu Samhita

Hoshiarpur is also highly popular for old Astrological facts where it is said to be that old documents where past, present and future birth of every person is written in detail, are safely kept at this place. Lots of people from all over the world visit Hoshiarpur to find out about their past, present and future in every birth they have or had taken in the past.

Significant Cities

Among the numerous ancient cultural centers in Hoshiarpur was town Jaijon. Said to be Founded by Jaijjat rishi around 11th century at the Shivalik foothills, Jaijon was a flourishing trade centre. It was also known as a centre for oriental studies. Noted scholars and exponents of Sanskrit, Astrology, Ayurveda and music visited this place for meeting. Music composers Pandit Husan Lal and Bhagat Ram and noted Pakistani poet Tufail Hoshiarpuri belonged to the same place.

The late Ayurveda scholar Pandit Govind Ram Vatsyayan and the late Sanskrit laureate Acharya Vishwanath belonged to Jaijon. Over the years when Chandigarh came into existence Jaijon lost its glory and now it is a sleepy town on the border of Punjab and Himachal in the foothills of Shivaliks.

Mahilpur is an ancient village on the feet of shivalik which was visited by Chinese Hyunshang who wrote this village as Sri Mahipalpur in his notes. Now Mahilpur has become a town.

Sadarpur is located near Garhshankar in the Shivalik Valley. It is a small town.

Jaijon still has a small old railway station from the British Era.

Area

At present, Hoshiarpur has an area of 3198.2 km².

Demographics

Sikh farmer in rural Hoshiarpur

Population

According to the 2011 census Hoshiarpur district has a population of 1,579,160,[2] roughly equal to the nation of Gabon[3] or the US state of Idaho.[4] This gives it a ranking of 31st in India (out of a total of 640).[2] The district has a population density of 683 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,770/sq mi).[2] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 17.95%.[2] Hoshiarpur has a sex ratio of 962 females for every 1000 males,[2] and a literacy rate of 85.40%.[2]

Scheduled Castes population in the district is 34 percent of the total population. The proportion of Scheduled Castes population in Hoshiarpur district is higher than the state’s Schedule Castes population (32 percent) and is ranked at the 5th position among all the districts. It may be mentioned that proportion of the Scheduled Castes population varies among blocks of Hoshiarpur district. In four blocks the population of Scheduled Castes is more than 40 percent. Two blocks namely, Hoshiarpur-I and Hoshiarpur-II have 48 percent Scheduled Castes population. In Mahilpur block the proportion of Scheduled Castes population is 44 percent and in Bhunga block it is 41 percent while in the remaining blocks the proportion of Scheduled Castes population is less than 40 percent. The Scheduled Caste population in this district is 34.3%[5][6]

Other social groups include Saini's at 11 percent, Jats are 25 percent and the Hindus are 29 percent.[7]

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Hoshiarpur one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[8] It is the only district in Punjab currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[8]

Government and politics

District administration

Sub-Divisions

The District of Hoshiarpur comprises four sub-divisions, ten development blocks, eight municipal councils and one notified area committee, as listed below:

Administrative Divisions

Development Blocks
Municipal Corporation
Municipal Councils
Notified Area Committee

Notable people from Hoshiarpur District

Politics

Arts and Culture

Simran Kaur Mundi
Monica Bedi is from the city

Army

References

  1. ↑ "District Administration". Retrieved 2015-02-16.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  3. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 2011-10-01. Gabon 1,576,665 line feed character in |quote= at position 6 (help)
  4. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Idaho 1,567,582 line feed character in |quote= at position 6 (help)
  5. ↑ "State-wise, District-wise List of Blocks with >40% but less than 50% SC population". Retrieved 12 July 2012.
  6. ↑ "Jat Sikhs: A Question of Identity". Retrieved 12 July 2012.
  7. ↑ "Caste based battle in Hoshiarpur".
  8. 1 2 Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  9. ↑ "THE GREAT REVOLUTIONARY BABU MANGU RAM MUGOWALIA".
  10. ↑ http://portal.bsnl.in/bsnl/asp/content%20mgmt/html%20content/hotnews/hotnews35448.html
  11. ↑ http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/keyword/harkishen-singh-surjeet/recent/3
  12. ↑ http://pbplanning.gov.in/pdf/MPLAD%20MPR%2031-5-2010.pdf
  13. ↑ "SRK buys two miniplexes in his wife Gauri's hometown". 2014-05-22.

External links

See also

Bora, Punjab

 Gurdaspur district
Kapurthala district (Western)		 Pathankot district Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh
Jalandhar district Una district, Himachal Pradesh
   Hoshiarpur district  
Kapurthala district (Eastern) Rupnagar district
Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar district
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