Henry W. Blair

Henry William Blair
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New Hampshire's 1st & 3rd district
In office March 4, 1875 – March 4, 1879 (3rd) March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1895 (1st)
Preceded by	Hosea Washington Parker Luther F. McKinney
Succeeded by	Evarts Worcester Farr Cyrus A. Sulloway
United States Senator from New Hampshire
In office June 18, 1879 – March 4, 1891
Preceded by	Charles H. Bell
Succeeded by	Jacob H. Gallinger
Personal details
Born	(1834-12-06)December 6, 1834 Campton, New Hampshire
Died	March 14, 1920(1920-03-14) (aged 85) Washington, D.C.
Political party	Republican
Spouse(s)	Eliza Nelson Blair
Children	Henry P. Blair
Parents	William Henry Blair Lois (Baker) Blair
Occupation	Lawyer Politician
Military service
Allegiance	United States of America
Service/branch	Union Army
Rank	lieutenant colonel
Unit	Fifteenth Regiment, New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry
Battles/wars	Civil War

Henry William Blair (December 6, 1834 – March 14, 1920) was an American politician and a United States Representative and Senator from New Hampshire.

Early life

Born in Campton, Blair lost his father at two and his mother at twelve. Raised by neighbors on a farm, he attended school when breaks from farm work permitted. Though he never went to college, in 1856, he began reading law with William Leverett at Plymouth, and was admitted to the bar in 1859 and became Leverett's partner.

Career

Blair was appointed prosecuting attorney for Grafton County in 1860.

During the Civil War Blair was rejected by the fifth and twelfth regiments as physically unfit. In 1862, when the fifteenth regiment was formed, he raised a company, enlisted as a Private and was elected Captain. He was appointed Major by the Governor and his Council. After about a year at the front, he held the rank of lieutenant colonel of the Fifteenth Regiment, New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry. During his first battle service, the Siege of Fort Hudson, he was wounded twice. After the discharge of his regiment in 1863, he was appointed deputy provost marshal and spent most of the remainder of the war at home as an invalid due to wounds and diseases contracted during the war.^[1]

Blair was a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1866 and a member of the New Hampshire Senate from 1867 to 1868.

Elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses, Blair served as United States Representative for the state of New Hampshire from (March 4, 1875-March 4, 1879). In 1876, he introduced the first prohibition amendment to be offered in Congress. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1878 but was elected by the New Hampshire legislature to the U.S. Senate on June 17, 1879, for the vacancy in the term ending March 4, 1885, and served from June 20, 1879, to March 4, 1885. The State legislature not being in session, he was re-appointed on March 5, 1885, and elected on June 17, 1885, to fill the vacancy in the term beginning March 4, 1885, and served from March 10, 1885, to March 4, 1891. He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1891. While in the Senate. He was chairman of the Committee on Education and Labor during the Forty-seventh through the Fifty-first Congresses. His proposed "Blair Education Bill" advocated federal aid for education but never passed.^[2]

Blair declined an appointment by President Benjamin Harrison as judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Hampshire in 1891, but accepted an appointment as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to China on March 6, 1891. The Chinese Government objected to Blair because of his role in passing the Chinese Exclusion Act and declared him persona non grata.^[3] He subsequently tendered his resignation from the diplomatic post, which was accepted October 6, 1891.

Again elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1892, Blair served from March 4, 1893 to March 4, 1895, and was not a candidate for reelection in 1894. He engaged in the practice of law in Washington, D.C., until his death.

Death

Blair died in Washington, D.C. on March 14, 1920 (age 85 years, 99 days). He is interred at Campton Cemetery, Campton, New Hampshire.

Family life

Son of William Henry Blair and Lois (Baker) Blair, he married Eliza Nelson on December 20, 1859 and they had one son, Henry P. Blair.

Further reading

• Gordon B. McKinney. Henry W. Blair's Campaign to Reform America: From the Civil War to the U.S. Senate (University Press of Kentucky; 2013) 246 pages

References

External links

• Henry W. Blair at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress Retrieved on 2008-02-14

United States Senators from New Hampshire Class 2 Wingate Livermore Olcott Gilman Thompson Morril S. Bell Hubbard Woodbury Jenness Cilley Hale Atherton Williams Hale Cragin Rollins Pike Cheney Chandler Marston Chandler Burnham Hollis Keyes Bridges Murphy McIntyre Humphrey Smith Sununu Shaheen Class 3 Langdon Sheafe Plumer Parker Cutts Mason Storer Parrott Woodbury Hill Page Pierce Wilcox Atherton Norris Wells J. Bell Clark Fogg Patterson Wadleigh C. Bell Blair Gallinger Drew Moses Brown Tobey Upton Cotton Wyman Cotton Durkin Rudman Gregg Ayotte

Chairmen of the United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Education/Education and Labor (1869–1947) Drake Sawyer Flanagan Patterson Burnside Bailey Blair Carey Kyle Shoup Kyle McComas Penrose Dolliver Borah H. Smith Kenyon Borah Phipps Couzens Metcalf Walsh Black Thomas Murray Labor and Public Welfare (1947–1977) Taft Thomas Murray A. Smith Hill Yarborough Williams Labor and Human Resources (1977–1999) Williams Hatch Kennedy Kassebaum Jeffords Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (1999–) Jeffords Kennedy Jeffords Kennedy Gregg Enzi Kennedy Harkin Alexander