Harb tribe

Harb (Arabic: حرب‎) "War" is a large Sunni Tribe^[1] in the Arabian peninsula. There is no official tribe population count but it is estimated to be approximately four million in Saudi Arabia. It is originally a Qahtani tribe. Several authentic sources on Arab tribes genealogy state that the great-grandfather of Harb tribe is Harb ibn Saad ibn Saad ibn Khawlan ibn Amr ibn Qadha'ah ibn Himyar ibn Qahtan.^[2] Harb tribal lands extend from the Red Sea coast in Tihamah (Western Part of Saudi Arabia) to the heart of Najd in the central region of Saudi Arabia, and from North the Harbi lands extend from Madinah (a holy city for Muslims) to Al Qunfudhah in the south. The tribe's reach extends to other countries like Kuwait, Iraq, Egypt and UAE.

The origins of Harb tribe came from the 2nd century of the Islamic calendar. When Qahtani tribes emigrated from the south of Arabian Peninsula to Hijaz around 131 AH for water and land space after some battles with their cousins Banu Ar-Rabi'ah bin Saad.^[3] As a result, this caused several tribal conflicts with the native and mostly Adnani Arab tribes of Hijaz and Tihamah such as Juhainah, Inazah, Muzianah, and Sulaim over land and water.^[4] After around three centuries in Hijaz, Harb tribe became a dominant tribe in the heart of Hijaz with territories surrounding the holy city of Medina. It is important to note that Harb now, like many other Arabian tribes, is a federation of tribes and families, a good example is that Muzaynah in Saudi Arabia are considered from Harb but it is well known that it was a tribe of its own with a known presence in Hijaz in the Pre-Islamic Arabia as well as the time of the Prophet Muhammed—i.e., before the origin of Harb tribe in Hijaz.

Currently, many of the tribe sons have migrated in recent decades to the three major metropolitan centers of Saudi Arabia, namely Riyadh, Jeddah, and Dammam, in search of better education and employment. One of the main branches of the tribe such as Banu shaker left al Hejaz and set of to the west coasts of Palestine to start business in agriculture. For the coast of Palestine is well known all around the world for its fertile soil. Banu Shaker that trace there ancestry to Al Hassan Al Muthana are also known to be the Abunamous and Al Shaker Families from Yaffa or Jaffa have developed their reputation of being prominent landowners in Yaffa city

In the Arab World outside of Saudi Arabia, the Harb family name became prominent in the Christian population of Ramallah, Palestine.

Tribe Sections

Harb tribe has two main sections, Banu Salim and Masrooh.:^[5]

Masrooh

• Banu Amro (Al-Amri)
• Banu Ali
• Banu Awf (Al-Awfi, Al-Ofi, Al-Oufi, or Al-Aofi)
• Banu Al Safar (Al-Sifri)
• Zubaid (Al-Zubaidi)
• Banu Shaker
• Mukhallaf (Al-Mukhallafi)

Banu Salim

Maymoon

• Al-Ahamidah (Al-Ahmadi)
• Arhelah (Al-Ruhaili)
• Wild Muhammad (Al-Muhammadi)
• Subh "As-Subiih" (As-Subhi)
• As-Surahah (As-Suraihi)
• Al-Matalihah (Al-Matlahi)
  • Banu Amri (Al-Amri As-Salimi)
  • Al-Mahameed (Al-Mihmadi)
• Al-Quwad (Al-Qa'idi)
• Al-Hayadirah (Al-Haidari)
• Banu Yahya (Al-Yahyawi)
• Al-Mawari'ah (Al-Muwarra'i)
• Ar-Roothan (Ar-Ruwaithi)

Al-Marawihah

• Muzaynah(al-Muzaini)
• Al-Dhawahrah (Al-Dhahiri)
• Al-Balajiyah (Al-Ballaji)
• Al-Hujalah (Al-Hujaili)
• Al-Hawazim (Al-Hazmi)
• Al-Hunaitat (Al-Hunaiti)
• Al-Hananoyah (Al-Hunaini)
• Al -Raddadah ( Al-Raddadi)

Traditions and Folklore

Harb Tribe has a very rich traditions and Folklore, tribe law, and folklore. Harbis practice several folkloric dances in their festivals, harvest celebrations -in the past and especially the Date Harvest-, and in Eids (Muslim Festivals). These Folkloric dances include, Khubaiti (Arabic: خبيتي‎), Bidwani (Arabic: بدواني‎), ḥirabi (Arabic: حرابي‎), Zaid (Arabic: زيد‎) Al-ʾarḍhah Al-ḥarbiyah (Arabic: العرضة الحربية‎), and Zeer (Arabic: زير‎).^[6]

References