Haplogroup Q-L275

Haplogroup Q(Q1b)-L275
Possible place of origin Eurasia
Ancestor Q-P36.2
Descendants Q-M378
Defining mutations L275, L314, L606, L612

In molecular evolution, a haplogroup (from the Greek: ἁπλούς, haploûs, "onefold, single, simple") is a group of similar haplotypes that share a common ancestor having the same single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutation in all haplotypes. Haplogoup Q-L275 is a Eurasian lineage. Haplogroup Q-L275 is a subclade of haplogroup Q-P36.2 that is a branch of Q-M242. Haplogroup Q-L275 is defined by the presence of the L275 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP).

Distribution

Q-L275 has descendants across Europe, Central Asia, and South Asia.

The Americas

Q-L275 has not been identified in pre-Columbian groups in the Americas. Potential sources in indigenous populations are European colonists and religious missionaries.

Asia

South Asia

The problematic phylogeny sampling of early studies has been demonstrated by subsequent studies that have found the Q-M378 descendant branch in South Asia.

West Asia

According to Behar et al. 5% of Ashkenazi males belong to haplogroup Q.[1] This has subsequently been found to be entirely Q-L275's Q-M378 subclade and may be further restricted to the Q-L245 branch.

Subclade Distribution

Q-L245 This branch was discovered by citizen scientists. It is a descendant branch of the Q-M378 lineage and is the most common branch in West Asian groups such as Iranians and pre-Diaspora Jewish groups.

Q-L272.1 This branch was discovered by citizen scientists. It has only been identified in one Sicilian sample.

Q-L301 This branch was discovered by citizen scientists. They have identified it in two unrelated Iranian samples.

Q-L315 This branch was discovered by citizen scientists. It has only been identified in one Ashkenazi Jewish sample. Thus, it is presumed to have arisen after the Q-L245 branch to which it belongs became part of the pre-Diaspora Jewish population.

Q-L327 This branch was discovered by citizen scientists. It has only been identified in one Azorean sample.

Q-L619.2 This branch was discovered by citizen scientists. They have identified it in two unrelated Armenian samples.

Q-P306 This branch was discovered by the University of Arizona research group headed by Dr. Michael Hammer in a Southeast Asian sample. It has been identified by citizen scientists in South Asians.

Q-M378 — It is widely distributed in Europe, South Asia, and West Asia. It is found among samples of Hazaras and Sindhis.[2] It is also found in the Uyghurs of North-Western China in two separate groups.[3] The Q-M378 subclade and specifically its Q-L245 subbranch is speculated to be the branch to which Q-M242 men in Jewish Diaspora populations belong.[1][4] Although published articles have not tested for M378 in Jewish populations, genetic genealogists from the Ashkenazi, Mizrachi, and Sephardi Jewish populations have tested positive for both M378 and L245.

Associated SNPs

Q-L275 is currently defined by the SNPs L275, L314, L606, and L612.

Subgroups

This is Thomas Krahn at the Genomic Research Center's Draft tree Proposed Tree for haplogroup Q-L275.

See also

Y-DNA Q-M242 Subclades

Y-DNA Backbone Tree

Evolutionary tree of human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups [χ 1][χ 2]
"Y-chromosomal Adam"
A00 A0-T [χ 3]
A0 A1[χ 4]
A1a A1b
A1b1 BT
B CT
DE CF
D E C F
F1 F2 F3 GHIJK
G HIJK
H IJK
IJ K
I J LT [χ 5]  K2
L T NO [χ 6] K2b [χ 7]   K2c K2d K2e [χ 8]
N O K2b1 [χ 9]    P
M S [χ 10] Q R
  1. ↑ Van Oven M, Van Geystelen A, Kayser M, Decorte R, Larmuseau HD (2014). "Seeing the wood for the trees: a minimal reference phylogeny for the human Y chromosome". Human Mutation 35 (2): 187–91. doi:10.1002/humu.22468. PMID 24166809.
  2. ↑ International Society of Genetic Genealogy (ISOGG; 2015), Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2015. (Access date: 1 February 2015.)
  3. ↑ Haplogroup A0-T is also known as A0'1'2'3'4.
  4. ↑ Haplogroup A1 is also known as A1'2'3'4.
  5. ↑ Haplogroup LT (L298/P326) is also known as Haplogroup K1.
  6. ↑ Haplogroup NO (M214) is also known as Haplogroup K2a (although the present Haplogroup K2e was also previously known as "K2a").
  7. ↑ Haplogroup K2b (M1221/P331/PF5911) is also known as Haplogroup MPS.
  8. ↑ Haplogroup K2e (K-M147) was previously known as "Haplogroup X" and "K2a" (but is a sibling subclade of the present K2a, also known as Haplogroup NO).
  9. ↑ Haplogroup K2b1 (P397/P399) is similiar to the former Haplogroup MS, but has a broader and more complex internal structure.
  10. ↑ Haplogroup S (S-M230) was previously known as Haplogroup K5.

References

  1. 1 2 Behar, Doron M.; Garrigan, Daniel; Kaplan, Matthew E.; Mobasher, Zahra; Rosengarten, Dror; Karafet, Tatiana M.; Quintana-Murci, Lluis; Ostrer, Harry; Skorecki, Karl (2004). "Contrasting patterns of Y chromosome variation in Ashkenazi Jewish and host non-Jewish European populations". Human Genetics 114 (4): 354–65. doi:10.1007/s00439-003-1073-7. PMID 14740294.
  2. ↑ Sengupta, Sanghamitra; Zhivotovsky, Lev A.; King, Roy; Mehdi, S.Q.; Edmonds, Christopher A.; Chow, Cheryl-Emiliane T.; Lin, Alice A.; Mitra, Mitashree; Sil, Samir K. (2006). "Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists". The American Journal of Human Genetics 78 (2): 202–21. doi:10.1086/499411. PMC 1380230. PMID 16400607.
  3. ↑ Zhong, H.; Shi, H.; Qi, X.-B.; Duan, Z.-Y.; Tan, P.-P.; Jin, L.; Su, B.; Ma, R. Z. (2010). "Extended Y Chromosome Investigation Suggests Postglacial Migrations of Modern Humans into East Asia via the Northern Route". Molecular Biology and Evolution 28 (1): 717–27. doi:10.1093/molbev/msq247. PMID 20837606.
  4. ↑ Adams, S. M.; Bosch, E.; Balaresque, P. L.; Ballereau, S. J.; Lee, A. C.; Arroyo, E.; López-Parra, A. M.; Aler, M.; Grifo, M. S.; et al. (2008). "The Genetic Legacy of Religious Diversity and Intolerance: Paternal Lineages of Christians, Jews, and Muslims in the Iberian Peninsula". Am J Hum Genet 83 (6): 725–736. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.11.007. PMC 2668061. PMID 19061982.

External links

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