Hamburg Hauptbahnhof

Hamburg Hauptbahnhof
Hbf

Aerial view of Hamburg Hauptbahnhof
Location Hachmannplatz 16, 20099 Hamburg
Hamburg-Mitte, Hamburg
Germany
Coordinates 53°33′10″N 10°00′23″E / 53.55278°N 10.00639°E / 53.55278; 10.00639Coordinates: 53°33′10″N 10°00′23″E / 53.55278°N 10.00639°E / 53.55278; 10.00639
Line(s)
Platforms
Other information
Station code 2514
DS100 codeAH
Category1[1]
Website www.bahnhof.de
History
Opened 1906
Traffic
Passengers 480,000 daily[2]
Location
Hamburg Hauptbahnhof
Location within Hamburg

Hamburg Hauptbahnhof (abbrev. Hamburg Hbf or Hambg Hbf) is the main train station station for the German city of Hamburg and is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 1 station.[1] It was opened in 1906 to replace 4 terminal stations. Hamburg Hauptbahnhof is operated by DB Station&Service AG. With an average of 480,000 passengers a day, the station is the busiest in Germany and after the Gare du Nord in Paris, the second busiest in Europe.[3]

The station is a through station with island platforms and is a major transportation hub, connecting long distance trains, like some Intercity-Express lines, to the underground rail network of the Hamburg U-Bahn and S-Bahn. It is situated in the city centre, in the Hamburg-Mitte borough. A part of the building is a shopping centre.

History

Stations of Hamburg in 1880:
blue = Berlin Station
green = Klostert(h)or Station
pink = Lübeck Station
red = Venlo(-Hamburg) Station

Before today's central station was opened, Hamburg had several smaller stations located around the city centre. The first railway line (between Hamburg and Bergedorf) was opened on 5 May 1842, coincidentally the same day the "great fire" (in German Der große Brand) ruined most of the historic city centre. The stations were (each of them only a few hundred metres away from the others):

1870s: passenger train on the communication line to Venloer Bahnhof in the street in front of Berliner Bahnhof

The communication lines between the stations partly were built in squares and streets, provisionally. After the decision to create a common station for all lines, a competition was arranged in 1900. Built from 1902 to 1906, the Hamburg Hauptbahnhof was designed by the architects Heinrich Reinhardt and Georg Süßenguth, modeled after the Galerie des machines by Louis Béroud of the World's Fair of 1889 in Paris.[4] The German emperor William II declared the first draft as "simply horrible", but the second draft was eventually constructed. The emperor personally changed the Art Nouveau style elements into Neo-Renaissance, giving the station a fortification like character.[5] The station was opened for visiting on 4 December 1906, the first train arrived the next day, and scheduled trains started on 6 December 1906.[4]

During the Second World War on 9 November 1941, the station was hit seriously by Allied bombing. Several areas needed to be rebuilt completely, like the baggage check and the eastern ticket counters. One of the clock towers was destroyed in 1943.[4]

From 1985 to 1991 the station was renovated.[4]

Facilities

The Wandelhalle

Hamburg Hauptbahnhof is 206 m (676 ft) long, 135 m (443 ft) wide, and 37 m (121 ft) high. It has 8,200 m2 (88,000 sq ft) rentable area and 27,810 m2 (299,300 sq ft) in total. The clock towers at the station building are 45 m (148 ft), and the clocks have a diameter of 2.2 m (7 ft 3 in). Adjoining the station building, the track hall is constructed of iron and glass and spans the main line platforms and two S-Bahn tracks. The platforms are reached from two bridges on street level, one at each end of the track hall, from the northern bridge on stairs and by lifts, from the southern bridge by escalators. Two other S-Bahn tracks and the subway tracks are in a connected tunnel system.

The Wandelhalle (Promenade Hall) in the station building is a small shopping centre with extended opening hours. It was built in 1991 during the renewal of the beam construction. It is located on the northern bridge and includes restaurants, flower shops, kiosks, a pharmacy, service centres and more. The upper floor also has a gallery surrounding the hall.[4]

Since 2008, in an effort to disperse drug dealers and users from the area, Deutsche Bahn has been playing classical music like Vivaldi's The Four Seasons. According to the German newspaper Hamburger Abendblatt it is a success.[6]

Since 2009 the station switched all its toilets to water-saving 3.5l toilets. 2012 they started producing Terra Preta in the basement by filtering the excrements and mixing them with charcoal and microbes. The fluids are cleaned and nutrients are extracted. Even medical ingredients can be filtered out.

Train services

In 2008, 720 regional and long distance trains, and 982 S-Bahn trains served the station per day. There were 6 platforms for the main lines.

The station is served by the following services:[7]

Long distance trains

Hamburg Hauptbahnhof is one of the largest stations in northern Germany and connects Denmark with central Europe. There are permanent InterCityExpress lines to Berlin, Frankfurt (Main), continuing to Stuttgart and Munich, and Bremen, continuing to the Ruhr Area and Cologne. To the north ICE trains connect Hamburg with Aarhus and Copenhagen in Denmark and Kiel in Schleswig-Holstein.[8] There are also several InterCity- and EuroCity- passenger train connections.[9] The station is a hub for international travel, and most passengers to or from Scandinavia must change in Hamburg.

The following lines connect to the station:

Preceding station   Deutsche Bahn   Following station
ICE 20
towards Basel SBB
ICE 22
towards Stuttgart Hbf
ICE 25
towards Munich Hbf
ICE 28
towards Munich Hbf
TerminusICE 31
ICE 75
towards Berlin Ost
ICE 76
TerminusICE 91
towards Wien Hbf
IC 26
Stralsund-Karlsruhe
towards Karlsruhe Hbf
EuroCity
toward Budapest
IC/EC 30
towards Stuttgart Hbf
Preceding station   Hamburg-Köln-Express   Following station
Terminus
Hamburg-Köln-Express
towards Köln Hbf

Regional trains

There are numerous RegionalExpress and RegionalBahn services to Schleswig-Holstein, Lower Saxony, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Bremen.

Line Route
RE 1 Hamburg Hbf - Schwerin - Rostock
RE 3 Hamburg Hbf - Lüneburg - Uelzen
RE 4 Bremen - Rotenburg - Buchholz - Hamburg Hbf
RE 5 Cuxhaven - Stade - Buxtehude - Hamburg Hbf
RE 7 Hamburg Hbf – Neumünster – Flensburg
RE 8 Hamburg Hbf - Bad Oldesloe - Lübeck - Travemünde
RE 70 Hamburg Hbf - Pinneberg – Neumünster – Kiel
RE 80 Hamburg Hbf – Ahrensburg – Lübeck
RB 41 Bremen - Rotenburg - Buchholz - Hamburg Hbf
RB 61 Hamburg Hbf – Pinneberg – Glückstadt – Itzehoe
RB 81 Hamburg Hbf – Ahrensburg – Bad Oldesloe
Preceding station   Deutsche Bahn   Following station
TerminusRE 1
toward Rostock Hbf
Preceding station   Metronom   Following station
TerminusRE 3
toward Uelzen
TerminusRE 4
toward Bremen Hbf
TerminusRE 5
toward Cuxhaven
TerminusRB 41
toward Bremen Hbf
Preceding station   Hamburg S-Bahn   Following station
toward Wedel
S1
toward Blankenese
S11
toward Altona
S2
toward Bergedorf
S21
toward Aumühle
toward Pinneberg
S3
toward Stade
toward Altona
S31
toward Neugraben
Preceding station   AKN Eisenbahn   Following station
toward Neumünster
A1Terminus

Rapid transit

Hauptbahnhof Süd
Location Hamburg, Germany
Operated by Hamburger Hochbahn AG
Line(s) U1 U3
Platforms 2 island platforms
Tracks 2
Construction
Disabled access Yes
History
Opened 1912
Hauptbahnhof Nord
Location Hamburg, Germany
Operated by Hamburger Hochbahn AG
Line(s) U2 U4
Platforms 2 island platforms
Tracks 2
Construction
Disabled access Yes
History
Opened 1968

Beside the inter-urban rail services, the Hauptbahnhof is also the central intersection for two of the three rapid transport systems in the city: the Hamburg S-Bahn (suburban railway) and the Hamburg U-Bahn (underground network).[10]

The S-Bahn platforms are located inside the station itself (platforms 3 and 4, going eastwards to Barmbek, Harburg and Bergedorf) and in a separate tunnel, adjacent to the station building (platforms 1 and 2, going westwards to Altona, Wedel and Eidelstedt).

The U-Bahn is split in two stations: Hauptbahnhof Süd (south) and serving the lines U1 and U3. This part of the station had been included in the 1900 planning for the new station (the construction for the subway started in 1906, the "ring" was opened in 1911). Until 1960, this station was simply called Hauptbahnhof without any suffix. From the beginning until the end of 1943, there were two lines: the original Ring and the southeastern branch line leading to Rothenburgsort which tracks has been destroyed due to World War II and never been rebuilt.

Preceding station   Hamburg U-Bahn   Following station
U1
toward Barmbek
U3

The station Hauptbahnhof Nord (north) serves the line U2, but only using the two middle tunnels (out of four). The two outer tunnels were built in advance for a future line U4 (which has never been constructed) and are currently used for a visual arts installation.

Preceding station   Hamburg U-Bahn   Following station
U2
U4
toward Billstedt

Neighbourhood

The station is located on the Wallring in Hamburg's city centre, between the districts Altstadt and St. Georg. Directly nearby are the Deutsches Schauspielhaus theatre in the St. Georg quarter, one of Hamburg's a state theatres, the Kunsthalle, an art gallery, and the Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe Hamburg,[11] a museum for applied arts. The Hamburg Rathaus is down Mönckebergstraße, centre of a busy shopping district.

See also

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 "Stationspreisliste 2016" [Station price list 2016] (PDF) (in German). DB Station&Service. 1 December 2015. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
  2. ↑ ' "Bindeglied zwischen Süd- und Osteuropa (Link to Southern and Eastern Europe)" Check |url= value (help) (in German). Deutsche Bahn. Retrieved 22 February 2010.
  3. ↑ Lonely Planet Europe on a Shoestring 2005 Page 511 "TRAIN Hamburg's Hauptbahnhof is one of the busiest in Germany."
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 "100 Jahre Hamburger Hauptbahnhof" (PDF) (in German). DB Station&Service. 2006. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
  5. ↑ Todt, Hartwig (2005). "Hauptbahnhof". Hamburg Lexikon (in German) (3 ed.). Ellert&Richter. p. 232. ISBN 3-8319-0179-1.
  6. ↑ Erlanger, Steven (2002-01-23). "Hamburg Journal; 'Judge Merciless' Thinks All Germany Needs Him". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-09-21.
  7. ↑ Timetables for Hamburg Hbf station (German)
  8. ↑ ICE Netz 2008, DB Netz AG, Zentrale, Frankfurt am Main
  9. ↑ IC Netz 2008, DB Netz AG, Zentrale, Frankfurt am Main
  10. ↑ Network plan HVV (pdf) 560 KiB
  11. ↑ "WELCOME TO: MUSEUM FÜR KUNST UND GEWERBE HAMBURG". Retrieved 2009-09-13.

Further reading

External links

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