Governor of Victoria

The Governor of Victoria is the representative in the Australian state of Victoria of its monarch, Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia and is one of the Governors of the Australian states. The Governor performs the same constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level as does the Governor-General of Australia at the federal level. The Governor's office and official residence is Government House next to the Royal Botanic Gardens and surrounded by Kings Domain in Melbourne.

The current Governor of Victoria is former judge Linda Dessau, Victoria's first female governor.^[1]

Powers

In accordance with the conventions of the Westminster system of parliamentary government, the Governor nearly always acts solely on the advice of the head of the elected government, the Premier of Victoria. Nevertheless, the Governor retains the reserve powers of the Crown, and has the right to dismiss the Premier.^[2]

Role of Governor

The Governor of Victoria is appointed by the Queen of Australia, on the advice of the Premier of Victoria, to act as her representative as Head of State in Victoria.^[3] The Governor acts "at the Queen's pleasure", meaning that the term of the Governor can be terminated at any time by the Queen acting upon the advice of the Premier.

Since the Australia Acts of 1986, it is the Governor, and not the Queen, who exercises all the powers of the Head of State, and the Governor is not subject to the direction or supervision of the Monarch, but acts upon the advice of the Premier. Upon appointment, he or she becomes a Viceroy. The Governor's main responsibilities fall into three categories — constitutional, ceremonial and community engagement.^[3]

Governor's Personal Standard

Standard of the Governor of Victoria

In 1984, the Personal Standard of the Governor of Victoria was changed to the State Flag of Victoria, with the blue background replaced by gold, and red stars depicting the Southern Cross. Above the Southern Cross is the Royal Crown. Previously, the Standard used by Victorian Governors after 1870 had been the Union Jack with the Badge of the State of Victoria emblazoned in the centre.^[4] Between 1903 and 1953, the Tudor Crown was used on the State Flag and Governor's Standard, and this was changed to the present crown in 1954.

The Governor’s Standard is flown at Government House and on vehicles conveying the Governor. The Standard is lowered over Government House when the Governor is absent from Victoria.^[4]

Related offices

There is also a Lieutenant-Governor and an Administrator. The Chief Justice of Victoria is ex officio the Administrator, unless he or she is the Lieutenant-Governor, in which case, the next most senior judge is the Administrator. The Lieutenant-Governor takes on the responsibilities of the Governor when that post is vacant or when the Governor is out of the State or unable to act. The Administrator takes on those duties if both the Governor and Lieutenant-Governor are not able to act for the above reasons.

See Governors of the Australian states for a description and history of the office of Governor.

Australianisation of the office

As with the other states, until the 1986 Australia Acts, the office of Governor of Victoria was an appointment of the British Foreign Office although local advice was considered and sometimes rejected.

Until the appointment of Victorian-born Sir Henry Winneke in 1974, the Governors of Victoria were British. Since then, governors have been Australian although several were born overseas (namely Dr Davis McCaughey, born in Ireland, came to Australia for work; and Professor David de Kretser, born in Ceylon, and Alex Chernov, born in Lithuania, both of whom came to Australia while at school).

List of Governors of Victoria

Standard of the Governor of Victoria (1903–1984). Prior to 1953, a Tudor Crown was used

Lieutenant-Governors

Prior to the separation of the colony of Victoria from New South Wales in 1851, the area was called the Port Phillip District of New South Wales. The Governor of New South Wales appointed superintendents of the District. In 1839 Charles La Trobe was appointed superintendent. La Trobe became Lieutenant-Governor of Victoria on separation on 1 July 1851.

Between 1850 and 1861, the Governor of New South Wales was titled Governor-General of New South Wales, in an attempt to form a federal structure. Until Victoria obtained responsible government in 1855, the Governor-General of New South Wales appointed Lieutenant-Governors to Victoria.^[5] On Victoria obtaining responsible government in May 1855, the title of the then incumbent Lieutenant-Governor, Captain Sir Charles Hotham, became Governor.

No.	Image	Lieutenant-Governor	From	To
1		Captain Charles La Trobe	1 July 1851	5 May 1854
2		Captain Sir Charles Hotham KCB RN	22 June 1854	22 May 1855

Governors

No.	Image	Governor	From	To	Notes
1		Captain Sir Charles Hotham KCB RN	22 May 1855	31 December 1855	Edward Macarthur was administrator from January to December 1856[6]
2		Sir Henry Barkly GCMG KCB FRS FRGS	26 December 1856	10 September 1863
3		Sir Charles Darling KCB	11 September 1863	7 May 1866	George Carey acted May to August 1866[7]
4		The Rt Hon. Viscount Canterbury GCMG KCB	15 August 1866	2 March 1873
5		The Rt Hon. Sir George Bowen GCMG	30 July 1873	22 February 1879
6		The Most Hon. Marquess of Normanby GCB GCMG PC	29 April 1879	18 April 1884
7		The Rt Hon. Lord Loch GCMG KCB	15 July 1884	15 November 1889
8		The Most Hon. Earl of Hopetoun KT GCMG GCVO PC	28 November 1889	12 July 1895
9		The Rt Hon. Earl Brassey GCB JP DL TD	25 October 1895	31 March 1900
10		Sir George Clarke KCMG	28 September 1901[8]	24 November 1903
11		The Hon. Major-General Sir Reginald Talbot KCB	25 April 1904	6 July 1908
12		The Rt Hon. Lord Carmichael GCSI GCIE KCMG DL	27 July 1908	19 May 1911
13		The Rt Hon. Sir John Fuller Bt KCMG	24 May 1911	24 November 1913
14		Sir Arthur Stanley KCMG	23 February 1914	30 January 1920
15		The Rt Hon. Earl of Stradbroke KCMG CB CVO CBE VD TD	24 February 1921	7 April 1926
16		The Rt Hon. Lord Somers KCMG DSO MC	28 June 1926	23 June 1931
17		The Rt Hon. Lord Huntingfield KCMG	14 May 1934	4 April 1939
18		The Rt Hon. Major General Lord Dugan GCMG CB DSO	17 July 1939	20 February 1949
19		General Sir Reginald Dallas Brooks GCMG KCB KCVO DSO	18 October 1949	7 May 1963
20		Major General Sir Rohan Delacombe KCMG KCVO KBE CB DSO	8 May 1963	31 May 1974
21		The Hon. Sir Henry Winneke AC KCMG KCVO OBE QC	1 June 1974	28 February 1982
22		Rear Admiral Sir Brian Murray KCMG AO	1 March 1982	3 October 1985
23		The Reverend Dr Davis McCaughey AC	18 February 1986	22 April 1992
24		The Hon. Richard McGarvie AC QC	23 April 1992	23 April 1997
25		The Hon. Sir James Gobbo AC CVO QC	24 April 1997	31 December 2000
26		Mr. John Landy AC CVO MBE	1 January 2001	7 April 2006
27		Professor David de Kretser AC	7 April 2006	7 April 2011
28		The Hon. Alex Chernov AC QC	8 April 2011	30 June 2015
29		The Hon. Linda Dessau AM	1 July 2015	Present

Living former governors

As of July 2015, four former governors are alive, the oldest being John Landy (2001–06, born 1930). The most recent governor to die was Davis McCaughey (1986–92), on 25 March 2005. The most recently serving governor to die was Richard McGarvie (1992–1997), on 24 May 2003.

Lieutenant-Governor

There is also a Lieutenant-Governor and an Administrator. The Chief Justice of Victoria is ex officio the Administrator, unless he or she is the Lieutenant-Governor, in which case, the next most senior judge is the Administrator. The Lieutenant-Governor takes on the responsibilities of the Governor when that post is vacant or when the Governor is out of the State or unable to act. The Administrator takes on those duties if both the Governor and Lieutenant-Governor are not able to act for the above reasons.

The Lieutenant-Governor is appointed by the Governor on the advice of the Premier of Victoria. Appointment as Lieutenant-Governor of itself confers no powers or functions. If there is no Governor or if the Governor is unavailable to act for a substantial period, the Lieutenant-Governor assumes office as Administrator and exercises all the powers and functions of a Governor. If expecting to be unavailable for a short period only, the Governor with the consent of the Premier, usually commissions the Lieutenant-Governor to act as Deputy for the Governor, performing some or all of the powers and functions of the Governor.^[9]

Marilyn Warren, AC, the Chief Justice of Victoria, is the current Lieutenant-Governor.

See also

• Governors of the Australian states

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Governors of Victoria, Australia.

References

External links

• The Official Website of the Governor of Victoria
• Governors of Victoria, Parliament of Victoria

Governors of Victoria Before Federation Hotham Barkly Darling Viscount Canterbury Bowen Marquess Normanby Loch Hope Brassey Clarke After Federation Talbot Gibson-Carmichael Fuller Stanley Earl Stradbroke Lord Somers Lord Huntingfield Dugan Brooks Delacombe Winneke Murray McCaughey McGarvie Gobbo Landy de Kretser Chernov Dessau

Government of Victoria Executive Monarchy Governor Lieutenant-Governor Premier Deputy Premier Cabinet Entities Police Legislative Parliament Legislative Council Legislative Assembly Electoral regions Electoral districts President of the Legislative Council Speaker of the Legislative Assembly MLCs MLAs Opposition Leader Judicial Supreme Court County Court Magistrates' Court Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) Other courts and tribunals