Gogugwon of Goguryeo
| Gogugwon of Goguryeo | |
| Hangul | 고국원태왕, 국원태왕, 국강상태왕 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 故國原王, 國原王, 國岡上王 |
| Revised Romanization | Gogugwon-taewang, Gugwon-taewang, Gukgangsang-taewang |
| McCune–Reischauer | Kogugwŏn-taewang, Kugwŏn-taewang, Kukkangsang-taewang |
| Birth name | |
| Hangul | 고사유 or 유 or 쇠 |
| Hanja | 高斯由 or 劉 or 釗 |
| Revised Romanization | Go Sayu or Yu or Soe |
| McCune–Reischauer | Ko Sayu or Yu or Soe |
| Monarchs of Korea Goguryeo |
|---|
|
King Gogugwon of Goguryeo (?-371, r. 331-371)[1] was the 16th king of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was the son of King Micheon and Lady Ju.[1]
Goguryeo faced devastation by the Murong Xianbei people who attacked Goguryeo. Hwando was destroyed again by them in 341. Buyeo was also destroyed by the Xianbei in 346.[2]
The reign of Gogukwon was severely suffered from continuous foreign invasions, not only those of Chinese forces including Xianbei but also of Baekje, southernwest part of Korean peninsular. Particularly, the Xianbei state of Former Yan invaded the capital in 342, capturing Queen Ju, the mother of Gogukwon and his concubines and also digging up the corpse of his father, Micheon. Since the capital was thoroughly destroyed, Gogukwon firstly constructed Guknae seong as an alternative fortress in northern sphere[3] and temporaily moved the capital to Pyongyang, present-day capital of North Korea.[4] While he could get back the corpse of his father, it took about 13 years for his mother to return to Goguryeo.[1]
In the meantime, Baekje was expanding its hegemony into east China, Wa(current Japan) and also into sphere of Goguryeo under King Geunchogo’s expansionism. In 369, Gogukwon personally led expedition more than 20,000 troops.[5] Without success, Geunchogo's son Geungusu overtook counterattack and killed Gogugwon in battle at Pyongyang Castle, the only ruler of Goguryeo died in a battlefield.[1] He was buried in Gogugwon.
Depiction in arts and media
in the South Korean drama The King of Legend, actor Lee Jongwon portrays King Sayu or Gogugwon of Goguryeo (16th Taewang of Goguryeo). He is primarily portrayed as an open antagonist against Baekja and its leadership on many different levels.
See also
- List of Korea-related topics
- History of Korea
- Three Kingdoms of Korea
- List of Korean monarchs
- Goguryeo-Yan Wars
References
- 1 2 3 4 "King Gogukwon". KBS Radio. KBS. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
- ↑ Chun, Ho-tae (2007). Koguryŏ = Koguryo, the origin of Korean power & pride. Sŏul-si: Tongbuga Yŏksa Chaedan. pp. 19–21. ISBN 9788991448834.
- ↑ Kim, Bushik (1145). Samguk Sagi. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
- ↑ Kim, Bushik (1145). Samguk Sagi. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
- ↑ Yoon, Nae-hyun; Lee, Hyun-hee; Park, Sung-soo (2005). New history of Korea. Paju: Jimoondang. p. 150. ISBN 9788988095850.
| Gogugwon of Goguryeo Died: 371 | ||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Micheon |
King of Goguryeo 331–371 |
Succeeded by Sosurim |
| Titles in pretence | ||
| Preceded by Micheon |
— TITULAR — King of Korea 331–371 Reason for succession failure: Three Kingdoms of Korea |
Succeeded by Sosurim |