Gnathifera (clade)

Gnathifera is an assemblage of phyla of metazoans.^[1]

"Acanthognatha" is a similar grouping, including rotifers, acanthocephalans, gastrotrichs, and gnathostomulids.^[2]

References

↑ Suga K, Mark Welch D, Tanaka Y, Sakakura Y, Hagiwara A (2007). Ellegren, Hans, ed. "Analysis of expressed sequence tags of the cyclically parthenogenetic rotifer Brachionus plicatilis". PLoS ONE 2 (7): e671. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000671. PMC 1925144. PMID 17668053.
↑ Cavalier-Smith T (August 1998). "A revised six-kingdom system of life". Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 73 (3): 203–66. doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1998.tb00030.x. PMID 9809012.

Extant phyla of kingdom Animalia

Domain: Archaea; Bacteria; Eukaryota
(Kingdom: Plant; Hacrobia; Heterokont; Alveolata; Rhizaria; Excavata; Amoebozoa; Animal; Fungi)

P
l
a
n
u
l
o
z
o
a

Cnidaria (corals, anemones, hydrozoans, jellyfish, myxozoans)

B
i
l
a
t
e
r
i
a

Xenacoelomorpha	Xenoturbellida (Xenoturbella) Acoelomorpha (acoels, nemertodermatids)

N
e
p
h
r
o
z
o
a

Deuterostomia

Chordata (lancelets, tunicates, craniates)

Ambulacraria	Hemichordata (acorn worms, pterobranchs) Echinodermata (starfish, sea urchins and relatives)

P
r
o
t
o
s
t
o
m
i
a

basal / incertae sedis	Chaetognatha (arrow worms)

Ecdysozoa
(molting animals)

Incertae sedis	Loricifera

Scalidophora	Kinorhyncha (mud dragons) Priapulida (penis worms)

Nematoida	Nematomorpha (horsehair worms) Nematoda (roundworms)

Panarthropoda	Tardigrada (waterbears) Onychophora (velvet worms) Arthropoda (arthropods)

Spiralia

Gnathifera

Platytrochozoa

Rouphozoa

Lophotrochozoa

Orthonectida¹ Dicyemida (Rhombozoa)¹ Mollusca (molluscs) Nemertea (ribbon worms) Annelida (ringed worms)

Lophophorata	Brachiopoda (lamp shells) Phoronida (horseshoe worms) Bryozoa (Ectoprocta) (moss animals)

Clade	Cycliophora (Symbion) Entoprocta (Kamptozoa)

Incertae sedis

Dendrogramma

Dubious

Monoblastozoa (Salinella)

Obsolete

Now in Arthropoda	Pentastomida (tongue worms)

Now in Syndermata	Acanthocephala (thorny-headed worms) Rotifera (wheel animals)

Now in Annelida	Sipuncula (peanut worms) Echiura (spoon worms) Pogonophora (giant tube worms) Vestimentifera

Now in Cnidaria	Myxozoa

¹Mesozoans

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