Glycine N-methyltransferase

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase. Other names in common use include glycine methyltransferase, S-adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine methyltransferase, and GNMT. This enzyme participates in glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 12 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1BHJ, 1D2C, 1D2G, 1D2H, 1KIA, 1NBH, 1NBI, 1R74, 1XVA, 2AZT, 2IDJ, and 2IDK.

References

BLUMENSTEIN J, WILLIAMS GR (1963). "Glycine methyltransferase". Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 41: 201–10. doi:10.1139/o63-025. PMID 13971907.
Ogawa H, Gomi T, Takusagawa F, Fujioka M (1998). "Structure, function and physiological role of glycine N-methyltransferase". Int. J. Biochem. Cell. Biol. 30 (1): 13–26. doi:10.1016/S1357-2725(97)00105-2. PMID 9597750.
Yeo EJ, Briggs WT, Wagner C (1999). "Inhibition of glycine N-methyltransferase by 5-methyltetrahydrofolate pentaglutamate". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (53): 37559–64. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.53.37559. PMID 10608809.
FI; Vitvitsky, VM; Mosharov, EV; Banerjee, R; Ataullakhanov, FI (2000). "A substrate switch: a new mode of regulation in the methionine metabolic pathway". J. Theor. Biol. 204 (4): 521–32. doi:10.1006/jtbi.2000.2035. PMID 10833353.
Fujioka M, Takusagawa F (2003). "Catalytic mechanism of glycine N-methyltransferase". Biochemistry. 42 (28): 8394–402. doi:10.1021/bi034245a. PMID 12859184.
Pakhomova S, Luka Z, Grohmann S, Wagner C, Newcomer ME (2004). "Glycine N-methyltransferases: a comparison of the crystal structures and kinetic properties of recombinant human, mouse and rat enzymes". Proteins. 57 (2): 331–7. doi:10.1002/prot.20209. PMID 15340920.

Transferase: one carbon transferases (EC 2.1)

2.1.1: Methyl-

N-	Histamine N-methyltransferase Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase Amine N-methyltransferase Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase

O-	5-hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase/Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase Catechol-O-methyl transferase

Homocysteine	Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase Homocysteine methyltransferase Methionine synthase

Other	Phosphatidyl ethanolamine methyltransferase DNMT3B Histone methyltransferase Thymidylate synthase DNA methyltransferase Thiopurine methyltransferase

2.1.2: Hydroxymethyl-,
Formyl- and Related

Hydroxymethyltransferase	Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase

Formyltransferase	Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase Inosine monophosphate synthase

Other	Glutamate formimidoyltransferase Aminomethyltransferase

2.1.3: Carboxy-
and Carbamoyl

Carboxy	methylmalonyl-CoA carboxytransferase

Carbamoyl	Aspartate carbamoyltransferase Ornithine carbamoyltransferase Oxamate carbamoyltransferase Putrescine carbamoyltransferase 3-hydroxymethylcephem carbamoyltransferase Lysine carbamoyltransferase N-acetylornithine carbamoyltransferase

2.1.4: Amidine

Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase

Proteins: enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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