"Gloria" is a song written by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison and originally recorded by Morrison's band Them in 1964 and released as the B-side of "Baby, Please Don't Go". The song became a garage rock staple and a part of many rock bands' repertoires. It is particularly memorable for its "G–L–O–R–I–A" chorus. It is easy to play, as a simple three-chord song, and thus is popular with those learning to play guitar.
History
Morrison said that he wrote "Gloria" while he performed with the Monarchs in Germany in the summer of 1963, at just about the time he turned eighteen years old.[1] He started to perform it at the Maritime Hotel when he returned to Belfast and joined up with the Gamblers to form the band Them. He would ad-lib lyrics as he performed, sometimes stretching the song to fifteen or twenty minutes. After signing a contract with Dick Rowe and Decca, Them went to London for a recording session at Decca Three Studios in West Hampstead on 5 July 1964; "Gloria" was one of the seven songs recorded that day. Besides Morrison, present were Billy Harrison on guitar, Alan Henderson on bass, Ronnie Millings on drums and Patrick John McCauley on keyboards. Rowe brought in session musicians Arthur Greenslade on organ and Bobby Graham on drums, since he considered the Them members too inexperienced. There remains some dispute about whether Millings and McCauley were miked up, but Alan Henderson contends that Them constituted the first rock group to use two drummers on a recording.[2] Although some sources claim that Jimmy Page played second guitar, other sources deny this.[3][4]
Gloria was the B-side when "Baby, Please Don't Go" was released in the U.K. on 6 November 1964. It was re-released in 1973 on the Deram label, but did not chart.
Appearances
Original studio recording by Them
Studio version with John Lee Hooker
Live versions by Van Morrison
Cover versions
- The Gants (from the album Roadrunner) – earliest known cover version released in November 1965.
- The Bobby Fuller Four (around the time of the song's original popularity in 1965) covered the song live at P.J.'s Night Club. It was recorded as a track and released on Live at PJ's Plus!.
- The Shadows of Knight single released in December 1965 (later included in the album Gloria). Reached number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1966, topping the original in the U.S. only in areas where Them's version could not be played, because it contained the words, "She comes to my room". Some radio stations objected to this, most notably Chicago's station WLS. The Chicago-based band Shadows of Knight's version replaced this line with "She calls out my name."[5][6]
- Status Quo (under name The Spectres) at Saturday Club, BBC on 10/09/1966; and as Status Quo at David Symonds Show on 8/4/68 and 12/4/68.
- The Doors covered the song between 1968 and 1970. One of these performances was released on Alive, She Cried (1983) (number 18 on Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks and number 71 on Billboard Hot 100 in 1983). The same version can be found on the The Very Best of The Doors compilation album.
- AC/DC covered the song regularly in their early formation; lead singer Bon Scott had previously performed "Gloria" with his first group, The Spektors.
- Patti Smith, from her 1975 album Horses. This version is based on the Morrison tune, but its lyrics are reinvented for the nascent punk rock movement, retaining only the chorus, and adding possibly ironic allusions to the sacred allusions of the title. It memorably begins, "Jesus died for somebody's sins / But not mine".
- Eddie and the Hot Rods, on their 7" titled "96 Tears/Get Out of Denver/Gloria/ (I Can't Get No) Satisfaction" that was released in the United Kingdom in 1976.
- Santa Esmeralda (from the album Don't let me be misunderstood) in a disco-gypsy way in 1977.
- Jimi Hendrix's version of "Gloria" was first included on the 1979 compilation, The Essential Jimi Hendrix Volume Two, as a 7 inch, 331⁄3 RPM, one-sided single. It is also included on the 2000 released box set, The Jimi Hendrix Experience. His version was not a traditional cover – he included entire verses of his own creation, and appeared to be ad-libbing as he went along. The lyrics included lines about drummer Mitch Mitchell and Noel Redding.
- Joe Strummer's band The 101ers recorded the song on their album Elgin Avenue Breakdown released in 1981.
- New Zealand band The Pleazers performed a version of the song, which is on the multiple-artist album Kiwi Classics, Vol 2.
- U2 snippeted this song at the ending of "Exit" during practically all its live performances, including the one on their album–movie Rattle and Hum released in 1988. (They also recorded an unrelated song called "Gloria".)
- David Bowie played the song regularly on his 1990 Sound and Vision Tour.[7]
- A portion of the intro, guitar solo, and outtro of "Play Guitar" by John Cougar Mellencamp, was very similar to a portion of "Gloria"'s guitar riff.
- Energy Orchard released a live version on their 1993 album, Shinola.
- Shane MacGowan performed the song with Van Morrison at the 1994 BRIT Awards ceremony and changed "R–I–A" to "I–R–A" when singing the chorus.
- Rick Springfield covered the song live on the 2001 album Greatest Hits Alive and has performed the song several times in concert, often following Morrison's lead by ad-libbing lyrics and stretching the song's length.[8]
- Popa Chubby released a live album recorded at a 2003 radio show in France, entitled Live at FIP, that including "Gloria" (sung with his wife).
- Tom Petty played the song several times on his Highway Companion Tour in 2006, and he closed most of the shows with it during his twenty-night run at The Fillmore Auditorium in San Francisco in 1997.
- The Tragically Hip performed a live version of the song, which included a monologue by Gordon Downie about tying his friend, Roch, to the railroad tracks.
- Bill Murray opened the 2007 Crossroads Guitar Festival by playing "Gloria", stating that it is the only song he knows how to play, with Eric Clapton appearing on stage to expertly finish it for him.[9]
- Gandalf Murphy and the Slambovian Circus of Dreams covered the song in a medley with the Christmas carol "Angels We Have Heard on High" on their live Christmas album A Very Slambovian Christmas, released in 2008.
- Bruce Springsteen closed his concert at the Hershey Park Stadium on 19 August 2008 with a cover of "Gloria", proclaiming, "Let's take it back to where it all started!"[10] He also performed snippets of the song on occasion as an introduction to "She's the One" on 1978's Darkness Tour.
- Billie Joe Armstrong sings the chorus of G-L-O-R-I-A at the ending of the song, "Horseshoes and Handgrenades" on the 2009 Green Day album 21st Century Breakdown. Also evincing Van Morrison's "Gloria" as an inspiration on their eighth album, one of the main characters is named Gloria.[11]
- Anthony Kiedis sings G-L-O-R-I-A during the song "Venice Queen". "Venice Queen" was lyrically composed as an ode to Kiedis' drug rehabilitation therapist, Gloria Scott, who died shortly after he purchased her a home on California's Venice Beach
- Iggy Pop covered the song on the 2011 album Roadkill Rising
- 13th Floor Elevators included a 1966 live cover of the song in the 2005 anniversary edition of its album The Psychedelic Sounds of the 13th Floor Elevators.
- Dennis Quaid played the song with Meat Loaf in 2009 in concert in Winnipeg, Canada.[12]
- Bon Jovi covered the song as part of a medley during their 2011 Bon Jovi Live tour.[13]
- Simple Minds have covered the song on the Neon Lights album and have performed it many times live, often ending concerts with an extended rendition.[14]
- Pidżama Porno covered the song on their 1998 album Styropian. Only the music remains from the original, with the Polish lyrics written by Krzysztof Grabowski and Marcin Świetlicki.
- Other covers of the Morrison song include those by notable artists like Grateful Dead, R.E.M., Rickie Lee Jones, Johnny Thunders and Blues Magoos.
- 2015 song was covered by FuguFish based on Pidżama Porno lyrics. The title of the cover - "Gorila".
Acclaim
One explanation for the timeless popularity of the song was offered in Allmusic's review by Bill Janovitz:[15]
The beauty of the original is that Van Morrison needs only to speak-sing, in his Howlin' Wolf growl, "I watch her come up to my house/She knocks upon my door/And then she comes up to my room/I want to say she makes me feel all right/G-L-O-R-I-A!" to convey his teenage lust. The original Latin meaning of the name is not lost on Morrison. Them never varies from the three chords, utilizing only dynamic changes to heighten the tension.
"Gloria" was rated number 69 on Dave Marsh's list in the 1989 book The Heart of Rock & Soul: The 1001 Greatest Singles Ever Made. He described the song as "one of the few rock songs that's actually as raunchy as its reputation."[16]
In his book Rock and Roll: The 100 Best Singles, Paul Williams said about the two sides of the "Baby Please Don't Go/Gloria" recording: "Into the heart of the beast... here is something so good, so pure, that if no other hint of it but this record existed, there would still be such a thing as rock and roll.... Van Morrison's voice a fierce beacon in the darkness, the lighthouse at the end of the world. Resulting in one of the most perfect rock anthems known to humankind."[17]
Humourist Dave Barry joked that "You can throw a guitar off a cliff, and as it bounces off rocks on the way down, it will, all by itself, play Gloria."[18]
In 1999, "Gloria" by Them received the Grammy Hall of Fame Award.[19] In 2000, "Gloria" by Them was listed as number 81 on VH1's list of The 100 Greatest Rock Songs of All Time.[20] In 2004, "Gloria" by Them was ranked #208 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time, moving down to #211 in the 2010 updated list.[21] "Gloria" was also included in The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll twice: by Patti Smith and by Shadows of Knight.[22]
In the media
Them's recording of the song appeared in an episode of TV series The Sopranos, "Pine Barrens", accompanying the appearance of Annabella Sciorra's character Gloria Trillo. "Gloria" by Them was played a number of times in the 1983 film The Outsiders and also sung while fending off the monster in the jukebox musical, Return to the Forbidden Planet. It was also professional skateboarder Jim Greco's song in the video "Baker 2g".
Charts
Them1
Shadows of Knight
Van Morrison and John Lee Hooker
- 1 As a B-side on 1964 single "Baby, Please Don't Go", the original recording charted at number 10 in the UK mostly due to the popularity of "Gloria".
References
- Williams, Paul; Berryhill, Cindy Lee (December 1993). "Baby Please Don't Go / Gloria – Them (1964)". Rock and Roll: The 100 Best Singles (Hardcover ed.). United States: Entwhistle Books. pp. 71–72. ISBN 978-0-934558-41-9.
- Rogan, Johnny (June 2005). Van Morrison: No Surrender (Hardcover ed.). United Kingdom: Secker and Warburg. ISBN 978-0-436-20566-8.
- Heylin, Clinton (2003). Can You Feel the Silence? Van Morrison: A New Biography, Chicago Review Press ISBN 1-55652-542-7
- Turner, Steve (1993). Van Morrison: Too Late to Stop Now, Viking Penguin, ISBN 0-670-85147-7
Notes
- ↑ Heylin, p. 76
- ↑ Turner, p. 46-49
- ↑ Please Please Me : Sixties British Pop, Inside Out: Sixties British Pop ... - Gordon Thompson - Google Books. Books.google.com. Retrieved 2014-05-15.
- ↑ All Music Guide to Rock: The Definitive Guide to Rock, Pop, and Soul - Google Books. Books.google.com. Retrieved 2014-05-15.
- ↑ "Dunwich Album Discography". bsnpubs.com. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
- ↑ "The History of Banned R&R". classicbands.com. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
- ↑ "The Sound + Vision Tour". littleoogie.com. Retrieved 2009-10-15.
- ↑ "Songs: Gloria". Retrieved 23 March 2012.
- ↑ "Crossroads Guitar Festival 2007". crossroadsguitarfestival2007.com. Retrieved 2009-10-09.
- ↑ "Bruce Springsteen, Hershey Park sweet review, 08-19-2009". springsteeninformationcenter.wordpress.com. Retrieved 2009-08-19.
- ↑ "Music Review: Green Day's 21st Century Breakdown". ivorytowerz.com. Retrieved 2009-09-02.
- ↑ "MEAT LOAF: Paul and Dennis Quaid". YouTube. 10 October 2009. Retrieved 2013-09-23.
- ↑ "Same old bad medicine and leather trousers as Bon Jovi turn up the heat". The Irish Times. 30 June 2011. Retrieved 27 December 2011.
- ↑ "Songs: Gloria". Retrieved 24 February 2012.
- ↑ Janovitz, Bill. "Gloria". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-04-15.
- ↑ Marsh, Dave (1989). "The Heart of Rock and Soul". Retrieved 2008-04-15.
- ↑ Williams, Paul; Berryhill, Cindy Lee (December 1993). "Baby Please Don't Go / Gloria – Them (1964)". Rock and Roll: The 100 Best Singles (Hardcover ed.). United States: Entwhistle Books. pp. 71–72. ISBN 978-0-934558-41-9.
- ↑ Barry, Dave. "Glory Days" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-06-10.
- ↑ "GRAMMY Hall Of Fame Award". National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. 1999. Retrieved 2008-04-15.
- ↑ "VH1 100 Greatest Rock Songs 51-100". rockonnet.com. Retrieved 2008-06-01.
- ↑ "The Rolling Stone 500 Greatest Songs of All Time". rocklistmusic.co.uk. 2004-12-09. Retrieved 2010-05-22.
- ↑ "500 Songs that shaped rock". infoplease.com. Retrieved 2010-11-03.
- 1 2 "Them – Billboard charts". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-04-14.
- ↑ "Shadows of Knight – Billboard chart". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-04-15.
- ↑ "Van Morrison – Irish chart". Irish Recorded Music Association. Retrieved 2008-04-15.
- ↑ "Van Morrison – UK chart". Retrieved 2008-04-14.
- ↑ "Van Morrison – Billboard chart". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-04-14.
- ↑ "Van Morrison – charts". Retrieved 2008-04-14.
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