Gettysburg (1993 film)

Gettysburg
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Ronald F. Maxwell
Produced by	Moctesuma Esparza Robert Katz
Screenplay by	Ronald F. Maxwell
Based on	The Killer Angels  by Michael Shaara
Starring	Tom Berenger Jeff Daniels Martin Sheen
Narrated by	W. Morgan Sheppard
Music by	Randy Edelman
Cinematography	Kees Van Oostrum
Edited by	Corky Ehlers
Production company	Turner Pictures
Distributed by	New Line Cinema
Release dates	October 8, 1993 (1993-10-08)
Running time	254 minutes 271 minutes (director's cut)
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$15 million[1]
Box office	$10,769,960[2]

Gettysburg is a 1993 epic war film written and directed by Ronald F. Maxwell, adapted from the novel The Killer Angels by Michael Shaara, about the Battle of Gettysburg during the American Civil War. The film starred Tom Berenger, Jeff Daniels, and Martin Sheen with Randy Edelman composing the score.

Synopsis

The film follows the plot line of Killer Angels. The focus on the first day is on John Buford, who selects the battlefield. The focus on the second day is Joshua Chamberlain's defense of Little Round Top. The focus on the following evening is on preparation for and the execution of Pickett's Charge. James Longstreet is the major focus of those scenes.

Production

The film was originally intended to have been a TV miniseries. The producers originally pitched the project to ABC in 1991. ABC initially agreed to back the project, but when a miniseries about George Armstrong Custer, Son of the Morning Star, got low ratings, ABC pulled out.^[3] It wasn't long until media mogul Ted Turner picked it up and the film went into production.

For the first time, the National Park Service allowed the motion picture industry to recreate and film battle scenes directly on the Gettysburg Battlefield, including scenes of Devil's Den and Little Round Top. However, much of the movie was shot at a nearby Adams County farm. Thousands of Civil War reenactors from across the country volunteered their time to come to Gettysburg to participate in the massive battle scenes.

The miniseries was set to air on TNT. But when Turner saw part of the film during post-production, he realized it was much bigger than a miniseries and decided to release the film theatrically. The film was distributed by New Line Cinema which Turner had just acquired. Only being released to 248 theaters at its widest release, and limited to just one or two showings per day because of its length, the film still managed to gross $12,769,960 at the box office. It would go on to become an all-time high seller on the VHS and DVD market, and has become a staple of classroom history lessons. Its broadcast TV premiere on TNT in June 1994 garnered over 34 million viewers, a record for cable TV.

One of the longest films ever released by a Hollywood studio, Gettysburg runs 254 minutes (4 hours, 14 minutes) on VHS and DVD. A "Director's Cut", 271-minute (4 hours, 31 minutes), with several extended or added scenes, was produced and sold as a part of a special "Collector's Edition" released on DVD and Blu-ray in 2011, to coincide with 150th commemoration of beginning of the Civil War in April, 1861.

The soundtrack was composed by Randy Edelman.

A prequel, Gods and Generals, was released in 2003.

Cast

• Tom Berenger as Lieutenant General James Longstreet
• Jeff Daniels as Colonel Joshua Chamberlain
• Martin Sheen as General Robert E. Lee
• Kevin Conway as Sergeant "Buster" Kilrain
• C. Thomas Howell as Lieutenant Thomas Chamberlain
• Richard Jordan as Brigadier General Lewis A. "Lo" Armistead
• Richard Anderson as Major General George Meade
• Royce D. Applegate as Brigadier General James L. Kemper
• John Diehl as Private Joseph Bucklin
• Maxwell Caulfield as Colonel Strong Vincent
• Joshua D. Maurer as Colonel James Clay Rice
• Patrick Gorman as Major General John Bell Hood
• Cooper Huckabee as Henry Thomas Harrison
• James Lancaster as Lieutenant Colonel Arthur Fremantle
• Brian Mallon as Major General Winfield Scott Hancock
• Andrew Prine as Brigadier General Richard B. Garnett
• John Rothman as Major General John F. Reynolds
• Tim Scott as Lieutenant General Richard S. Ewell
• Morgan Sheppard as Major General Isaac R. Trimble and narrator
• Stephen Lang as Major General George Pickett
• Sam Elliott as Brigadier General John Buford
• Joseph Fuqua as Major General J.E.B. Stuart
• Bo Brinkman as Major Walter H. Taylor
• Kieran Mulroney as Major Moxley Sorrel
• James Patrick Stuart as Colonel Edward Porter Alexander
• Warren Burton as Major General Henry Heth
• Buck Taylor as Colonel William Gamble
• David Carpenter as Colonel Thomas C. Devin
• Donal Logue as Captain Ellis Spear
• Herb Mitchell as Sergeant Andrew J. Tozier
• Dwier Brown as Captain Brewer
• George Lazenby as Confederate general J. Johnston Pettigrew.

Cameos

Civil War buff Ted Turner has a cameo appearance in one of the battle scenes as Colonel Waller T. Patton. During Major General Pickett's (Stephen Lang) charge, some Confederate troops come to a fence that they have to climb over. Turner plays the Confederate officer who leads the charge, then gets shot down.

Another cameo appearance is by Ken Burns, who wrote and directed the epic PBS documentary, The Civil War. He portrays an aide to Major General Hancock (Brian Mallon) during Pickett's Charge. He can be seen saying "General, please get down. We cannot spare you", to Hancock, to which Hancock replies with his famous quotation, "There are times when a corps commander's life does not count."

Civil War historian Brian Pohanka had an uncredited cameo appearance as Union general Alexander S. Webb.

Soundtrack

The soundtrack was composed by Randy Edelman.

1. Overture
2. Main Title
3. Men of Honor
4. Battle of Little Round Top
5. Fife and Gun
6. General Lee at Twilight
7. The First Battle
8. Dawn
9. From History to Legend
10. Over the Fence
11. We are the Flank
12. Charging Up the Hill
13. Entr'acte
14. Dixie
15. General Lee's Solitude
16. Battle at Devil's Den
17. Killer Angel
18. March to Mortality (Pickett's Charge)
19. Kathleen Mavourneen
20. Reunion and Finale
21. Exit Music

Two more soundtracks, More Songs and Music From Gettysburg and a Deluxe Commemorative Edition were released as well. This first one included popular songs from the time period and a recitation of the Gettysburg Address by Jeff Daniels, while the second included several previously unreleased tracks from the score.

Reception

Gettysburg received an 88% positive rating on the film-critics aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, based on 16 reviews.^[4]

Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film 3 out of 4 stars, stating, "This is a film that Civil War buffs will find indispensable, even if others might find it interminable." Ebert said that despite his initial indifference, he left the film with a new understanding of the Civil War, and that he felt Jeff Daniels deserved an Oscar nomination for his performance.^[5] Ebert also gave the film a "thumbs-up" on Siskel & Ebert, while companion Gene Siskel gave it a "thumbs-down", saying that the film was "bloated Southern propaganda." He, however, also praised Daniels' performance and also recommended it should be nominated for an Oscar.

Prequel

A prequel was made in 2003 titled Gods and Generals based on the 1996 prequel novel to The Killer Angels by Shaara's son, Jeffrey. Directed by Maxwell, the film depicts events that take place prior to those shown in the Gettysburg, with several actors reprising their roles.

References

External links

Wikiquote has quotations related to: Gettysburg (1993 film)

• Memorable quotes from the film
• Sound clips from the film
• Gettysburg at the Internet Movie Database