George S. Long

George Shannon Long, known as Doc Long (September 11, 1883 – March 22, 1958), a member of the powerful Long political dynasty in Louisiana, was a Democratic U.S. representative from the now defunct 8th congressional district from 1953 until his death. Speedy Long of La Salle Parish, another member of the family, once jokingly compared George Long, the older brother of Huey P. Long, Jr., to the family's own "St. Peter".

George Long was the fourth born of ten children born to Huey Pierce "Hugh" Long, Sr. (1852–1937), and the former Caledonia Palestine Tison (1860–1913). He was born and reared in a log cabin in tiny Tunica in West Feliciana Parish near Baton Rouge, Louisiana. When he was five, the Longs moved to Winnfield in Winn Parish, some fifty miles north of Alexandria. He attended the Winnfield public schools. Long attended what was then called "Mount Lebanon College", now the conservative Baptist-affiliated Louisiana College in Pineville in Rapides Parish. Long thereafter taught school for a time in Winn and Grant parishes.

Studying dentistry and law

He thereafter studied dentistry at various locations, including Atlanta, Georgia, Louisville, Kentucky, and New Orleans. He practiced dentistry in Oklahoma between 1904 and 1935.

In World War I, he was in officer training school in Waco, Texas, when the armistice was signed.

Long was elected a Democratic member of the Oklahoma House of Representatives from Tulsa County in 1922 for the 1923 session. He also studied law and was admitted to the Oklahoma bar in 1923. William J. "Bill" Dodd, in his memoirs entitled Peapatch Politics: The Earl Long Era in Louisiana Politics, said that "Doc "got into some kind of shady deal while in the Oklahoma legislature and had to resign or face a trial."

In 1935, Long relocated to Monroe and practiced dentistry there until 1940. In 1948, he was appointed by his brother, Governor Earl Long, as superintendent of the Louisiana Colony and Training School in Pineville, a facility for the mentally retarded. He also practiced dentistry in Pineville. In 1950, he was demoted from superintendent to institutional inspector at the training school.

George Long and Louisiana politics

George Long was a delegate to the 1948 Democratic National Convention that met in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was part of the loyalists pledged to the Harry Truman-Alben W. Barkley ticket. The Alabama and Mississippi delegations walked out of the convention in protest of the civil rights plank in the party platform and supported then Governor Strom Thurmond of South Carolina for president. Thurmond was the official Democratic nominee in Louisiana and three other southern states though Earl Long backed the losing Truman slate in Louisiana.

In 1948 and again in 1950, George Long unsuccessfully contested his party's nomination for the Eighth District U.S. House seat. He lost to Asa Leonard Allen (1891–1969), brother of former Governor Oscar K. Allen, a Long protégé. Leonard Allen continued to have the support of Earl Long. The Long brothers frequently quarreled among themselves and would support the opponents of each other when they saw it in their interests to do so. "Doc" Long continued to work on Earl Long's teeth throughout their political estrangements. Long was the founder and director of the Dr. George S. Long Corporation.

In 1952, Long just wore down Allen, as was the forte of the Longs whenever they encountered an obstacle to their ambitions, and convinced the congressman not to seek renomination but to yield to Long. George Long was hence elected in "Long country" in 1952, 1954, and 1956. In Congress, he was known for his work on the Veterans Affairs Committee, and he helped to organize the prayer room off the Capitol rotunda.

In 1953 as he took office as U. S. representative, Long hired a defeated primary rival, Leroy Chandler (1906–1963), as his executive assistant in the Alexandria office. A businessman originally from Grant Parish, Chandler was a 12-year member of the Rapides Parish School Board. In 1948, Chandler had been a presidential elector for the national Truman-Barkley ticket, which lost in Louisiana to Strom Thurmond. During the Earl Long state administration, Chandler had been president of the Red River, Atchafalaya, and Bayou Boeuf Levee District. At the time of his death, Chandler operated Leroy's Restaurant in Alexandria. Chandler is interred at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Ball, Louisiana.^[1]

Long was twice married. His first wife, the former Mary Katherine Shindel, died in 1950. On May 11, 1953, he married Jewell Marie Tyson (born 1914) of Pineville, his secretary.^[2]

Doc Long served in Congress until his death in the Bethesda Naval Medical Center in Bethesda, Maryland, midway in his third term. He was a Southern Baptist, Mason, Shriner, and member of Kiwanis International. He is interred at Greenwood Memorial Park in Pineville.

Bill Dodd questions "Doc" Long's integrity

Bill Dodd said (pp. 20–21) that George Long "was by far the best-looking of all the Longs. He was an artist's model for the typical southern statesman. His six-foot-two- or three-inch frame was ramroad straight and proportioned like that of a superb athlete. His face was full, and his well-shaped head was crowned with a red mane that reminded one of the king of beasts. His voice and diction would have made Cicero or Quintilian proud. And he rolled his words like well-oiled wheels. Someone once said that a great speaker is a good man speaking well. George Shannon Long was as phony as a three-dollar bill, and most everyone but George knew he was a bag of wind. But on paper or before a group of strangers, his speeches were superimpressive. Earl once told me that 'Shan' [short for "Shannon"] was 'a ship without a rudder, he's like a child who doesn't know right from wrong. He's a congenital thief.' And I believe Earl was right. George Long was smart, and he could have, with his several gifts, been the greatest of the Longs. But he had a screw or two loose and couldn't pull it all together. I like[d] him, and he liked me. With all his faults and weaknesses, George was not purposefully mean, and he had a big heart. He held no grudges and on many occasions, for short spurts, showed marks of genius. In many ways he was the most human and likeable of the Long brothers.

"Dr. Long, both a lawyer and a dentist, had been run out of Louisiana by Huey, or so Earl told me ... Earl seemed to like Doc better than he liked his other brothers, but Earl did not respect his honesty or judgment."

Once the commissioner of administrator, J. H. Rester, showed Dodd, who was acting governor while Earl Long was out of state, that George Long "had purchased building materials and charged them to the state, yet had used the materials to construct a private dwelling for himself. He had a lot of other stuff that he said showed Dr. Long to be a crook and thief. I didn't look very carefully at the alleged evidence, but I asked Rester why he was bringing it to me. He said it was his responsibility but he wanted me to advise him what to do ... I could see the old rascal didn't like Dr. Long or me; he thought he would get me to throw Dr. Long to the wolves, and then Earl would get on me.

"I told Rester than I could not advise him on how to operate his office or handle the alleged wrongdoing of Dr. Long. I did say that he should remember that Dr. Long was Earl's brother and that a scandal would reflect discredit upon the governor. I told him to use his own judgement, but to get ready for a quick trip to the unemployed if he made a lot of charges, and they backfired."

Dodd said that he made his remarks in front of Albert A. Fredericks of Natchitoches, Earl's executive assistant and a state senator from Natchitoches and Red River parishes from 1932 to 1948. "Fredericks said that if he were in Rester's shoes and had all that crap Rester claimed was in the folder, he would find a nice deep dark, well-hidden trash barrel, and throw the file in the barrel, and accidentally drop in a match. So far as I know, Rester must have found the barrel, for after he left my office, I never heard any more about Dr. Long using state materials on his private home."

Dodd also noted that he agreed to support Doc Long in a race against Leonard Allen for Congress if George would back Dodd for governor. Dodd recalled that when he "grabbed the paper to see what nice things Dodd had said in endorsing me and read [instead] that he had endorsed [official Long choice Carlos] Spaht because I was too young and too wild to be trusted in the governor's office. Later, he laughed about it."

References

• William J. "Bill" Dodd, Peapatch Politics: The Earl Long Era in Louisiana Politics, Baton Rouge: Claitor's Publishing, 1991.
• http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=L000416
• http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/long.html#R9M0J4HHQ
• Glenn R. Conrad, "George S. Long," A Dictionary of Louisiana Biography, 1988, p. 518.

Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Louisiana 1st district E. Livingston White Johnson White Slidell Sére St. Martin Dunbar Eustis Bouligny Sypher Lawrence Gibson Hunt St. Martin Wilkinson Meyer Estopinal O'Connor Fernández Hébert Tonry R. Livingston Vitter Jindal Scalise 2nd district Gurley Thomas Ripley Chinn Dawson la Branche Thibodeaux Conrad Bullard J.A. Landry Hunt Taylor Mann Sheldon Ellis Hahn Wallace Lagan Coleman Lagan Davey Buck Davey Gilmore Dupré Spearing Maloney T.H. Boggs Maloney T.H. Boggs L. Boggs Jefferson Cao Richmond 3rd district Brent Overton Bullard Garland Moore Dawson Harmanson Penn Perkins Davidson Newsham Darrall Acklen Darrall Kellogg Gay Price Broussard Martin Montet Mouton Domengeaux Willis Caffery Treen Tauzin Melancon J.M. Landry Boustany 4th district Bossier Morse Moore Jones Sandidge Landrum Vidal Newsham McCleery Boarman Smith Levy Elam Blanchard Ogden Breazeale Watkins Sandlin Brooks Waggonner Leach Roemer McCrery Fields McCrery Fleming 5th district Blackburn Morey Spencer Leonard Young King Newton Boatner Baird Ransdell Elder Wilson Mills McKenzie Passman Huckaby McCrery Cooksey Alexander McAllister Abraham 6th district Nash E. Robertson Lewis Irion E. Robertson S. Robertson Favrot Wickliffe Morgan Sanders, Sr. Favrot Kemp Sanders, Jr. Griffith Sanders, Jr. Morrison Rarick Moore Baker Cazayoux Cassidy Graves 7th district Pujo Lazaro De Rouen Plauche Larcade Thompson Edwards Breaux Hayes John Boustany 8th district Aswell Overton Dear Allen Doc McSween G. Long S. Long G. Long C. Long Holloway At-large Robertson Butler Johnston Sheridan Territory Clark Poydras