George Fried

Captain George Fried
Born	(1877-08-10)August 10, 1877 Worcester, Massachusetts
Died	July 25, 1949(1949-07-25) (aged 71) Yonkers, New York
Allegiance	United States of America
Service/branch	US Army 1898–1900 US Navy 1900–16, 1918–21 US Merchant Marine 1922–46
Years of service	1898–1946
Rank	Captain
Commands held	USS Zuiderdijk (ID-2724) SS President Grant SS President Roosevelt USS America (ID-3006) SS Manhattan SS Leviathan SS Washington Steamboat Inspection Supervisor, 1934
Battles/wars	Spanish–American War World War I
Awards	Navy Cross

Captain George Fried, (August 10, 1877 – July 25, 1949) a sea Captain with service in both the US Navy and Merchant Marines, is best remembered for his valiant rescue of the crews of the British steamship Antinoe and Italian steamship Florida, in the late 1920s while in command of the American luxury liners USS America and SS President Roosevelt of the United States Lines. Fried became familiar to thousands of Americans when his syndicated column "My Thirty Years at Sea" was featured in hundreds of newspapers in 1929.

Early life

Fried was born in Worcester, Massachusetts, on August 10, 1877, and attended the Belmont and Dix Street Schools. He worked on a local farm from ages twelve to fifteen, harvesting beets and corn, but had a desire to sail the seas.^[1][2] He entered Army service at the age of twenty-one during the period of the Spanish–American War and served from 1898 to 1900.^[3]

Early Naval career

USS Hartford

USS Kentucky circa 1905–08

After his brief stint with the Army, Fried enlisted in the U.S. Navy in 1900 in New York. His first naval assignment was with the historic USS Hartford (1858), a 255-foot steam and sail-powered sloop of war, which had seen service in the Civil War. As a US Naval seaman, he began service swabbing the Hartford's decks, working the coalroom, and trimming sails.

During many of the summers from 1900–12, the Hartford took US Naval Academy midshipmen on a cruise to gain hands on experience with essential seafaring skills. During several of these cruises, Fried worked in the deck area where navigation was being taught. In his spare time, he began to study navigational formulas and was assisted by officers, until he had begun to grasp the fundamentals of the science of navigation. During five years of service aboard the Hartford from 1900–05, he progressed from ordinary seaman to coxswain, quartermaster, and finally chief quartermaster, with each position demonstrating his remarkable navigation skills.^[4]

USS Solace

In 1916, after short rotations aboard various cruisers and battleships, Fried became third officer aboard the USS Solace (AH-2) as a member of the Merchant Marines. Solace was a 377-foot hospital ship and part of the Atlantic fleet.^[5]

After serving on the Solace, he was recalled by the Navy and became an ensign in the North Atlantic aboard the dreadnought class battleship USS Kentucky (BB-6). Fried served with the Navy between 1916 and 1921 and reached the rank of Junior Lieutenant aboard the USS Petrel (PG-2), a 188-foot gunboat. At the breakout of World War I, Fried was promoted to full Lieutenant and placed in charge of the cargo ship USS Zuiderdijk (ID-2724) as she carried supplies from New York to France.^[5]

Mid-career and historic rescues

SS President Roosevelt, 1920s

Fried's service with the United States Lines after 1921 was as a member of the Merchant Marines. He served as chief officer on the United States Lines' luxury liner SS President Grant and briefly in this position as well on the USS America (ID-3006). He married Laura Parmenter on March 21, 1922 in New York.

In 1922, Fried was promoted to the captaincy of the luxury liner SS President Roosevelt.^[3] On January 20, 1926, with Fried as captain, Roosevelt received an SOS from the British steam cargo ship Antinoe. After several attempts amidst violent snowstorms and rough seas, Roosevelt succeeded in rescuing her crew of twenty-five on midnight of the following day. The rescue was made memorable by the Roosevelt's persistence in remaining with the sinking Antinoe despite rough seas, snow, and bitter cold. After completing the rescue of her crew, Roosevelt left the listing, damaged Antinoe abandoned with no electrical power. On her return to Hoboken Pier, Roosevelt was greeted by local dignitaries, including New Jersey Governor Harry Moore, who gave an address. Roosevelt's officers and crew were entertained by a band, received a twenty-one-gun salute, and were welcomed to New York by Mayor Jimmy Walker, after a stay at the Roosevelt Hotel and a tickertape parade. For his heroic efforts, Fried was awarded the Navy Cross and both he and members of the Roosevelt's crew were decorated by the British government.^[3][6]

SS America

Fried took command of the SS America in 1928. Only three years after his previous rescue, while serving as captain of the SS America, Fried rescued the thirty-two man crew of the Italian steamship Florida in freezing weather and violent snow squalls. America was heading to New York from France. As she battled her way through a major storm, the liner picked up distress signals from Florida. Navigating with the aid of a radio direction finder, the America fixed a location on the Italian ship, and late the following afternoon on January 28, 1929, sighted the endangered vessel.

Pulling alongside of Florida's weather beam, America launched a lifeboat, commanded by her chief officer, Harry Manning, with an eight-man crew. Manning's crew rowed the lifeboat to within fifty feet of the listing Florida, and a line was thrown to the frantic crew of the freighter. One by one, men from the Italian ship came across the rope. By the time the Florida's captain had been pulled on board the lifeboat as the last man, winds were gale force, and the seas were rough and high. Then, after rowing back to the America, her sailors helped haul aboard the survivors of the Florida using ladders, ropes, cargo nets, and two homemade breeches buoys. Fried became a national hero when his account of the story was distributed by newspapers.^[7][8]

In 1931, Fried rescued Lew Aichers when his plane crashed fifteen miles off the coast of Ireland. On November 30, 1931, Fried took command of the United States Lines' SS Manhattan, launched from Camden, New Jersey. She was a 705-foot long, 30,000-ton merchantman. During his career with United States Lines, Fried also captained the SS Leviathan for three trips during the illness of her Captain A. B. Randall.^[3]

With his exceptional career well established, Fried commanded the luxury ocean liner SS Washington, first launched on August 20, 1932. She would become the flag ship of the United States Lines from 1934–40.

Retirement

After nearly half a century with the Navy and Merchant Marine, George Fried retired in 1946.^[7] In retirement, he enjoyed reading, gardening, and spending time with his wife Laura. He died in Yonkers, New York on July 25, 1949.^[9] He was buried at Mount Hope Cemetery at Hastings-on-Hudson, New York.^[2]

References