Gaspard de Bernard de Marigny
| Gaspard de Bernard de Marigny | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born |
2 November 1754 Luçon |
| Died |
10 July 1794 (aged 39) Combrand |
| Allegiance |
Kingdom of France Véndéens |
| Service/branch | La Royale, then the artillery |
| Years of service | 1770 - 1794 |
| Rank | General |
| Battles/wars | |
| Awards | Order of Saint Louis |
Gaspard Augustin René Bernard de Marigny (2 November 1754 in Luçon – 10 July 1794 in Combrand) was a French officer and Vendéen general.
Life
Bernard de Marigny was a cousin and friend of Louis Marie de Lescure, whose wife Victoire de Donnissan de La Rochejaquelein wrote the following about him :
"He was a handsome man, of high stature and great physical strength ; he was gay, spiritual, loyal and brave. I had never seen someone more obliging : he was always ready to please others ; to such an extent that I remember that since he had some knowledge in the veterinary art, all the peasants of the canton came to him when they had sick beasts. He was full of life, and when he became excited, he would be immoderately enthusiastic."
Vessel Lieutenant in La Royale during the Ancien régime, he tried to defend the Tuileries with the king's constitutional guard in 1792.
When the war in the Vendée broke, he joined the insurgents after having been freed by them at Bressuire, and was named commander of artillery. He stood out in the Battle of Thouars, the Battle of Saumur and during the Virée de Galerne.
He was nonetheless responsible for the massacre of hundreds of prisoners in the First Battle of Châtillon, and was proven later guilty of similar acts towards republican prisoners whom he killed with his own hands, of which Victoire de Donnissan de La Rochejaquelein commented :
"War denatures character. Mr. de Marigny, one of the gentlest and best men I had known, had become bloodthirsty".
In April 1794, he signed an alliance with Charette, Stofflet and Sapinaud. But he didn't get along with Stofflet, who tried to give him a secondary role, so he left. A war counsel was created which condemned Marigny to death on 25 April 1794 by 22 votes, including those of Charette and Stofflet, against 10.
Marigny hence fought alone against the republican troops, but he fell ill and sought refuge in the château de la Girardière, near Combrand. He was arrested by Stofflet's men and executed by firing squad on the spot. The rest of his army deserted or joined Sapinaud who had refused to vote for his execution.
Sources
- Émile Gabory, Les Guerres de Vendée, Robert Laffont, édition de 2009, p. 1436-1437.
- Mémoires de Mme la marquise de La Rochejaquelein
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