Gabriel Figueroa

Gabriel Figueroa

Born	(1907-04-24)April 24, 1907 Mexico City, Mexico
Died	April 27, 1997(1997-04-27) (aged 90) Mexico City, Mexico

Gabriel Figueroa Mateos (April 24, 1907 – April 27, 1997) was a Mexican cinematographer who worked both in Mexican cinema and Hollywood.

His mother died after giving birth to him. His father, unable to cope with the loss of his wife, left Gabriel and his brother Roberto to be cared for by their aunts. He studied painting at the Academia de San Carlos, and at the age of 16 he became interested in photography thanks to José Guadalupe Velasco. He later befriended other photographers, such as Gilberto Martínez Solares and Raúl Martínez Solares, and these three would then move on to cinematography.

Figueroa made his entry in the movie industry in 1932 as a photographer of stills for the film Revolución of Miguel Contreras Torres. He was later one of the 20 cinematographers hired for the Howard Hawks film Viva Villa!. After a few jobs he obtained a scholarship to study in the United States where the established director of photography Gregg Toland taught Figueroa.

Back in Mexico, his first film was Fernando de Fuentes's Allá en el Rancho Grande (1936) which would become one of the most popular films in Mexico and Latin America, and gave him his first award at the Venice Film Festival. He filmed 235 movies over 50 years, including Los Olvidados by Luis Buñuel, The Night of the Iguana by John Huston, The Fugitive by John Ford, and Río Escondido by Emilio Fernández.

One of his main collaborators was Fernández, with whom he shot twenty films, some of which won prizes at the Venice Film Festival, the Cannes Film Festival, and the Berlin Film Festival. After collaborating with Fernández and Buñuel on their films with such actors as Dolores del Río, Pedro Armendáriz, María Félix, Jorge Negrete, Columba Domínguez, and Silvia Pinal, Figueroa has come to be regarded one of the most influential cinematographers active in México.

Films in Mexico

Camera Operator

El vuelo glorioso de Barberán y Collar (1933)
Vámonos con Pancho Villa (1935)
María Elena (1935)

Cinematographer

Black and white

El jinete fantasma (1967)
Pedro Páramo (1967)
Domingo salvaje (1966)
El escapulario (1966)
¡Viva Benito Canales! (1965)
Cargamento prohibido (1965)
Lola de mi vida (1965)
Las dos Elenas (1965)
Simón del desierto (1964)
Los cuatro Juanes (1964)
Los tres calaveras (1964)
Escuela para solteras (1964)
The Night of the Iguana (1964)
Entrega inmediata (1963)
El hombre de papel (1963)
Días de otoño (1962)
El ángel exterminador (1962)
El tejedor de milagros (1961)
Ánimas Trujano (1961)
Rosa Blanca (1961)
La joven (1960)
Macario (1959)
Nazarín (1958)
Una golfa (1957)
La rebelión de la sierra (1957)
La venganza de Heraclio Bernal (1957)
Aquí está Heraclio Bernal (1957)
Mujer en condominio (1956)
Una cita de amor (1956)
La Tierra de Fuego se apaga (1955)
Historia de un amor (1955)
El monstruo en la sombra (1954)
Estafa de amor (1954)
Pueblo, canto y esperanza (1954)
La mujer X (1954)
La rebelión de los colgados (1954)
Take Me in Your Arms (1954)
The Boy and the Fog (1953)
Ni pobres ni ricos (1953)
Él (1952)
Ansiedad (1952)
Dos tipos de cuidado (1952)
El señor fotógrafo (1952)
Cuando levanta la niebla (1952)
El rebozo de Soledad (1952)
Hay un niño en su futuro (1952)
Here Comes Martin Corona (1952)
El enamorado (1951)
El mar y tú (1951)
La bien amada (1951)
Un gallo en corral ajeno (1951)
Los pobres van al cielo (1951)
Maria Islands (1951)
Siempre tuya (1950)
El bombero atómico (1950)
El gavilán pollero (1950)
Pecado (1950)
Víctimas del pecado (1950)
Los olvidados (1950)
Un día de vida (1950)
Nuestras vidas (1949)
Duelo en las montañas (1949)
Un cuerpo de mujer (1949)
La Malquerida (1949)
Opio (1949)
El embajador (1949)

Prisión de sueños (1948)
Pueblerina (1948)
Salón México (1948)
Medianoche (1948)
Dueña y Señora (1948)
Maclovia (1948)
María la O (1947)
Río Escondido (1947)
The Fugitive (1947)
La casa colorada (1947)
Enamorada (1946)
Su última aventura (1946)
La perla (1945)
Cantaclaro (1945)
Un día con el diablo (1945)
Bugambilia (1944)
Más allá del amor (1944)
Las Abandonadas (1944)
Adiós, Mariquita linda (1944)
El intruso (1944)
El Corsario Negro (1944)
The Escape (1944)
Maria Candelaria (1943)
Another Dawn (1943)
La mujer sin cabeza (1943)
El as negro (1943)
El espectro de la novia (1943)
Wild Flower (1943)
El circo (1942)
La virgen que forjó una patria (1942)
El verdugo de Sevilla (1942)
The Three Musketeers (1942)
Historia de un gran amor (1942)
Cuando viajan las estrellas (1942)
Mi viuda alegre (1941)
Virgen de medianoche (1941)
La gallina clueca (1941)
The Unknown Policeman (1941)
La casa del rencor (1941)
¡Ay qué tiempos señor don Simón! (1941)
El rápido de las 9.15 (1941)
Neither Blood Nor Sand (1941)
Secreto de confesión (1940)
El monje loco (series of six episodes, 1940)
Con su amable permiso (1940)
El jefe máximo (1940)
Allá en el trópico (1940)
¡Que viene mi marido! (1939)
La canción del milagro (1939)
Los de abajo (1939)
Papacito lindo (1939)
La noche de los mayas (1939)
La bestia negra (1938)
La casa del ogro (1938)
While Mexico Sleeps (1938)
Padre de más de cuatro (1938)
Los millones de Chaflán (1938)
Refugiados en Madrid (1938)
Mi candidato (1937)
La Adelita (1937)
Canción del alma (1937)
Jalisco nunca pierde (1937)
Bajo el cielo de México (1937)
Allá en el Rancho Grande (1936)
Cielito lindo (1936)
Las mujeres mandan (1936)
Tribu (1934)

Color

El corazón de la noche (1983)
El héroe desconocido (1981)
México 2000 (1981)
México mágico (1980)
Te quiero (1978)
D. F. (1978)
La Casa del Pelícano (1977)
Divinas palabras (1977)
Cananea (1976)
Balún Canán (1976)
Maten al león (1975)
La vida cambia (1975)
Coronación (1975)
Presagio (1974)
El llanto de la tortuga (1974)
Los perros de Dios (1973)
El amor tiene cara de mujer (1973)
El señor de Osanto (1972)
El Monasterio de los Buitres (1972)
María (1971)
Hijazo de mi vidazo (1971)
Los hijos de Satanás (1971)
El profe (1970)
El cielo y tú (1970)

La generala (1970)
El terrón de azúcar (1968)
Corazón salvaje (1968)
Mariana (1967)
Los ángeles de Puebla (1966)
Su excelencia (1966)
El cuarto chino (1966)
El asesino se embarca (1966)
El gallo de oro (1964)
En la mitad del mundo (1963)
Juana Gallo (1960)
Sonatas (1959)
La estrella vacía (1958)
La Cucaracha (1958)
Isla para dos (1958)
Café Colón (1958)
Impaciencia del corazón (1958)
Carabina 30-30 (1958)
La sonrisa de la Virgen (1957)
El bolero de Raquel (1956)
Sueños de oro (1956)
La Escondida (1956)
Canasta de cuentos mexicanos (1955)
La doncella de piedra (1955)

Lights

María Elena (1935)
El primo Basilio (1934)
El escándalo (1934)

Still photography

Chucho el Roto (1934)
La sangre manda (1933)
La mujer del puerto (1933)
Enemigos (1933)
Profanación (1933)
Juárez y Maximiliano (La caída del imperio, 1933)
Almas encontradas (1933)
Revolución (La sombra de Pancho Villa, 1932)

Films in Hollywood

Camera operator

Viva Villa! (1934)

Cinematographer

Black and white

The Night of the Iguana (1964) Academy Award Nomination for Best Cinematography (B&W)
Tarzan and the Mermaids (1947)
The Fugitive (1947)

Color

Under the Volcano (1983)
The Border (1979)
The Children of Sanchez (1977)
Interval (1973)
Once a Scoundrel (1972)
Kelly's Heroes (1970)
Two Mules for Sister Sara (1969)

Exhibition

2011 : Rencontres d'Arles Festival, France.
2013-2014: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles. Detailed retrospective of Figueroa's photography, cinematography, and progressive politics.

The Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA) organized the retrospective exhibition titled "Under the Mexican Sky: Gabriel Figueroa—Art and Film." The exhibit, featuring Figueroa’s work from the early 1930s to the early 1980s, included film clips, paintings, photographs, posters and documents both from Figueroa’s archive and the Televisa Foundation collections. "Under the Mexican Sky" recognizes Figueroa’s contribution to Mexico’s Golden Age of Film, both technically, and stylistically. LACMA curators highlight the artist's works across genres that "…helped forge an evocative and enduring image of Mexico." The exhibit ran from September 22, 2013 through February 2, 2014 in the Art of the Americas Building, Level 2.

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Awards

Golden Ariel Award (1987)
Premio Nacional de las Artes (1971)

References

↑ http://www.lacma.org/art/exhibition/under-mexican-sky-gabriel-figueroa%E2%80%94art-and-fil

External links

Official site.
(es) Profile at the ITESM site of the Cinema of Mexico.
Gabriel Figueroa at the Internet Movie Database.

Authority control	WorldCat VIAF: 4145965 LCCN: n93072766 ISNI: 0000 0001 2098 7154 GND: 119545705 SUDOC: 118687166 BNF: cb14097645w (data) ULAN: 500279184

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