Göss Abbey

Göss Abbey
Reichsstift Göß
Imperial Abbey of the Holy Roman Empire
← 1020–1782 →
Church of the former abbey
Capital		Göss Abbey
Government		Theocracy
Historical era		Middle Ages
•	Founded	1004
•	Gained immediacy	1020
•	Rule of Saint Benedict	12th century
•	Dissolved by Joseph II	1782
Today part of		Austria

Göss Abbey (German: Stift Göß) is a former Benedictine nunnery in Göss, now a part of Leoben in Styria, Austria. After the abbey's dissolution in 1782 the church, now a parish church, was the seat of the short-lived Bishopric of Leoben.

History

The nunnery was founded in 1004 by Adula or Adela of Leoben, wife of Count Aribo I, and her son, also called Aribo, the future Archbishop of Mainz, on the family's ancestral lands, and was settled by canonesses from Nonnberg Abbey in Salzburg. The first abbess was Kunigunde, sister of Archbishop Aribo. It was made an Imperial abbey by Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, in 1020. The Benedictine Rule was introduced in the 12th century.

Göss Abbey functioned for centuries as a centre for the Styrian aristocracy to have their daughters educated and if necessary accommodated, and entry was strictly limited to members of the nobility.

The nunnery, the last remaining Imperial abbey on Habsburg lands, was dissolved in 1782 in the course of the rationalist reforms of Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, and from 1786 served for a short time as the seat of the newly founded Bishopric of Leoben, of which the former abbey church, dedicated to Saint Mary and Saint Andrew, was the cathedral. The first and only bishop died in 1800, and from 1808 the diocese was administered by the Bishops of Seckau until it was formally abolished in 1859. In 1827 the premises were auctioned off and acquired by the wheelwrights' co-operative of Vordernberg, who were primarily interested in the forests of the former abbey's estates. In 1860 the buildings were acquired by a brewer from Graz (the nunnery had had its own brewer since 1459) and have since then been used as a brewery, the Brauerei Göß.

Buildings and contents

The former abbey church, briefly the cathedral of Leoben, is now used as a parish church. It is a large late Gothic building containing an early Romanesque crypt beneath the choir, some important early Gothic frescoes in the chapel of Saint Michael in the Zackenstil or "zigzag style", and an imposing roof. The famous Göss chasuble (Gößer Ornat), a valuable piece of Romanesque silk embroidery, is now preserved in the Museum für angewandte Kunst in Vienna.

Now lost are the former parish church, the graveyard and the buildings formerly to the west of the abbey church. The Brunnhöfl ("fountain courtyard"), still largely extant, is well-known.

A curiosity on display in the premises is a rare specimen of a reusable coffin of 1784 with an opening bottom that deposited the bodies inside into a common grave. A product of Josephine rationalism, the intention was to save local authorities the expense of coffins in pauper funerals, but it was a deeply unpopular measure and the coffins were withdrawn after only a few months.^[1]

Abbesses of Göss

Notes

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Göss Abbey.

• Bundesdenkmalamt (BDA): Stift Göss (German)

Holy Roman Empire — Imperial abbeys of the Swabian College Imperial abbeys and colleges (Reichsabteien, Reichsklöster und Reichsstifte) Baindt Comburg Disentis Elchingen Frauenchiemsee Fraumünster Fürstenfeld Gengenbach Göss Gutenzell Heggbach Helmarshausen Herrenalb Irsee Kaisheim† Lindau Lorsch Marchtal Marmoutier Maulbronn Mönchrot Mondsee Murbach* Neresheim Ochsenhausen Ottobeuren Petershausen Prüfening Reichenau Roggenburg Rottenmünster St. Gall's* St. George's in Isny Salem Schänis Schussenried Schuttern Söflingen Ursberg Waldsassen Weingarten Weissenau Wettenhausen Imperial charterhouse (Reichskartause) Buxheim† * Also a Prince of the Empire † Also in Rhenish College

Coordinates: 47°21′47″N 15°05′45″E / 47.36306°N 15.09583°E / 47.36306; 15.09583