Fushimi Inari-taisha
| Fushimi Inari Taisha 伏見稲荷大社 | |
|---|---|
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Torii leading to the inner shrine | |
  Fushimi Inari Taisha 伏見稲荷大社 Location within Kyoto city | |
| Information | |
| Type | Inari Shrine |
| Dedicated to | Uka-no-Mitama-no-Ōkami, et al. as Inari Ōkami |
| Founded | 711 |
| Address | Fushimi-ku, Kyoto |
| Coordinates | 34°58′2″N 135°46′22″E / 34.96722°N 135.77278°E |
| Website |
inari |
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Glossary of Shinto | |
Fushimi Inari Taisha (伏見稲荷大社) is the head shrine of Inari, located in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Japan. The shrine sits at the base of a mountain also named Inari which is 233 metres above sea level, and includes trails up the mountain to many smaller shrines which span 4 kilometers and takes approximately 2 hours to walk up.[1]
Since early Japan, Inari was seen as the patron of business, and merchants and manufacturers have traditionally worshipped Inari. Each of the torii at Fushimi Inari Taisha is donated by a Japanese business. First and foremost, though, Inari is the god of rice.
This popular shrine is said to have as many as 32,000 sub-shrines (bunsha (分社)) throughout Japan.[2]
History
The shrine became the object of imperial patronage during the early Heian period.[3] In 965, Emperor Murakami decreed that messengers carry written accounts of important events to the guardian kami of Japan. These heihaku were initially presented to 16 shrines, including the Inari Shrine.[4]
From 1871 through 1946, Fushimi Inari-taisha was officially designated one of the Kanpei-taisha (官幣大社), meaning that it stood in the first rank of government supported shrines.[5]
Structures
The earliest structures were built in 711 on the Inariyama hill in southwestern Kyoto, but the shrine was re-located in 816 on the request of the monk Kūkai. The main shrine structure was built in 1499.[6] At the bottom of the hill are the main gate (楼門, rōmon, "tower gate") and the main shrine (御本殿, go-honden). Behind them, in the middle of the mountain, the inner shrine (奥宮, okumiya) is reachable by a path lined with thousands of torii. To the top of the mountain are tens of thousands of mounds (塚, tsuka) for private worship.
Fox
Foxes (kitsune), regarded as the messengers, are often found in Inari shrines. One attribute is a key (for the rice granary) in their mouths.
Unlike most Shinto shrines, Fushimi Inari Taisha, in keeping with typical Inari shrines, has an open view of the main idol object (a mirror).
A drawing in Kiyoshi Nozaki's Kitsune: Japan's Fox of Mystery, Romance and Humor in 1786 depicting the shrine says that its two-story entry gate was built by Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
The shrine draws several million worshipers over the Japanese New Year, 2.69 million for 3 days in 2006 reported by the police, the most in western Japan.
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Fox holding a key in its mouth, at the main gate of the Fushimi Inari shrine
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Fox sculpture in Fushimi Inari-taisha shrine
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Fox fountain in Fushimi Inari-taisha shrine
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Another view of the fox fountain
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Fox altar in Fushimi Inari-taisha shrine
Access
The shrine is just outside the JR Nara Line Inari Station, a 5-minute ride from Kyoto Station. It is a short walk from Keihan Electric Railway Main Line Fushimi-Inari station.[7]
Environs
In the approach to the shrine are a number of sweet shops selling tsujiura senbei (辻占煎餅), a form of fortune cookies dating at least to the 19th century, and which are believed by some to be the origin of the Chinese-American fortune cookie.[8][9]
Modern pop culture
- Memoirs of a Geisha (2005)
- Aria the Natural ep. 5 (2006)
- Inari, Konkon, Koi Iroha (2010)
- Rurouni Kenshin, site of Makoto Shishio's base
- Kamen Rider Fourze ep. 33 (2012)
See also
Notes
- ↑ 全国のお稲荷さんの総本宮、伏見稲荷大社を参拝しました。 [Nationwide Inari Shrines, I visited the Fushimi Inari-taisha.] (in Japanese). Retrieved 28 March 2014.
- ↑ Motegi, Sadazumi. "Shamei Bunpu (Shrine Names and Distributions)". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 31 March 2010.
- ↑ Breen, John et al. (2000). Shinto in History: Ways of the Kami, pp. 74-75.
- ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1962). Studies in Shinto and Shrines, pp. 116-117.
- ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, pp. 124.
- ↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric et al. (1998). Japan encyclopedia, p. 224.
- ↑ Fushimi Inari Shrine, How to get there
- ↑ Lee, Jennifer 8. (January 16, 2008). "Solving a Riddle Wrapped in a Mystery Inside a Cookie" The New York Times. Retrieved on January 16, 2008.
- ↑ 8. Lee, Jennifer (January 16, 2008). "Fortune Cookies are really from Japan.". The Fortune Cookie Chronicles.
References
- Breen, John and Mark Teeuwen. (2000). Shinto in History: Ways of the Kami. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-2363-4
- Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (1998). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5
- Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1962). Studies in Shinto and Shrines. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. OCLC 399449
- Ponsonby-Fane, Richard (1959). The Imperial House of Japan. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. OCLC 194887
- Smyers, Karen A. (1997). Inari pilgrimage: Following one’s path on the mountain, Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 24 (3-4), 427-452
Coordinates: 34°58′02″N 135°46′22″E / 34.96722°N 135.77278°E
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fushimi Inari-taisha. |
- Official Site (ja) (NB: music plays automatically on the top web page)
- Photographs of Fushimi Inari-taisha
- English visitor information
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