French frigate Coquille (1794)

History
France
Name: Patriote
Namesake: Seashell
Builder: Bayonne
Laid down: May 1793
Launched: October 1794
In service: April 1795
Renamed: Coquille on 30 May 1795
Captured: 12 October 1798
United Kingdom
Name: HMS Coquille
Acquired: 12 October 1798
Fate: Accidental fire in December 1798
General characteristics [1]
Class & type: Coquille class frigate
Displacement: 1,180 tons (French)
Tons burthen: 898 bm
Length: 43.8 m (144 ft)
Beam: 11.4 m (37 ft)
Draught: 5.3 m (17 ft)
Depth of hold: 3.6 m (12 ft)
Propulsion: Sails
Sail plan: Ship
Complement: 209 (peace) & 282 (war)
Armament:

Coquille was a 40-gun frigate of the French Navy, lead ship of her class, and launched in 1794. The Royal Navy captured her in October 1798 and took her into service as HMS Coquille, but an accidental fire destroyed her in December.

French career and capture

Built as Patriote, she was renamed Coquille on 30 May 1795.

On 20 March 1796 she was under the command of lieutenant de vaisseau Chesnneau. While she was escorting a convoy from Brest to the Île-d'Aix roads she encountered a British squadron near Audierne.[2] The British squadron was under the command of Captain Sir John Borlase Warren in Pomone, and included Anson, Artois and Galatea. They engaged the French squadron escorting the convoy near the Bec du Raz.[3] The British captured four brigs from the convoy and Warren instructed the hired armed lugger Valiant to take them to the nearest port.[3] (The four brigs were the Illier, Don de Dieu, Paul Edward, and Félicité.[4])

The British squadron then engaged the French warships escorting the convoy but were not able to bring them to a full battle before having to give up the chase due to the onset of dark and the dangerous location. Galatea was the only vessel in the British squadron to suffer casualties; she lost two men killed and six wounded.[3] The store-ship Etoile, under the command of lieutenant de vaisseau Mathurin-Théodore Berthelin, struck. She was armed with thirty 12-pounder guns and had a crew of 160 men.[3] Four French frigates (Coquille among them), a corvette, a brig, and the rest of the convoy escaped.[3]

On 12 October 1798, Coquille took part in the Battle of Tory Island, where she was captured by the British. She was armed with 40 guns, and had a crew of 580 men, under the command of Captain Deperon (actually Léonore Depéronne). She had lost 18 men killed and 31 wounded in the battle.[5]

The prize crew was under the command of Lieutenant Charles Dashwood. Because of the frigate's damaged state and the weather, Dashwood first sailed Coquille to Belfast for some refitting. He then sailed her to Plymouth.[6]

Fate

The Royal Navy subsequently commissioned her as HMS Coquille.

Coquille was in the Hamoaze in December when an accidental fire broke out. With few crew on board the fire spread rapidly. To keep the fire from spreading to other vessels, she was towed to a nearby mudbank and left there for the fire to burn out.[7] While she burned to the waterline the fire nevertheless spread to the brig Eneavour, of Scarborough, which was carrying coals to Guernsey and which had grounded on the mudbank. Endeavour too was totally destroyed. It is estimated that the fire cost her captors £10,000 in prize money. Although most of the crew were saved, 15 people are believed to have died in an explosion in the gunroom: 13 officers and crew, a woman, and a customs official.[8] Twenty of her crew were on shore on leave, and twenty were taken off in boats.[9] some others may have died also. Gunpowder was involved in the loss, and it must have been "concealed for some improper purpose" as the prize agents always removed gunpowder immediately to forestall accidents.[10]

Citations and references

Citations

  1. ↑ Winfield and Roberts (2015), p.131.
  2. ↑ Fonds Marine, p.168.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 The London Gazette: no. 13878. pp. 290–291. 26 March 1796.
  4. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 13931. p. 885. 17 September 1796.
  5. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 15081. p. 1100. 17 November 1798.
  6. ↑ Gentleman's Magazine, (December 1847), Vol. 182, pp.636-7.
  7. ↑ Hepper (1994), p.89.
  8. ↑ Grocott (1997), pp.65-6.
  9. ↑ Gentleman's Magazine, (December 1798), Vol. 84, p.1080.
  10. ↑ Naval Chronicle, Vol. 1, pp.85-86.

References

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