Fokker 100

Fokker 100
Montenegro Airlines Fokker 100 in 2010
Role Narrow-body Regional jet airliner
National origin Netherlands
Manufacturer Fokker
First flight 30 November 1986
Introduction 3 April 1988 with Swissair
Status In service
Primary users Austrian Airlines
Alliance Airlines
Avianca Brazil
QantasLink
Produced 1986-1997
Number built 283
Developed from Fokker F28
Variants Fokker 70

The Fokker 100 is a medium-size twin-turbofan airliner from Fokker. Low operational costs and scant competition in the 100-seat short-range class led to strong sales when it was introduced in the late 1980s, but sales fell as competition increased. Production ended in 1997 with 283 airframes delivered. In July 2012, 156 Fokker 100 aircraft remained in airline service with 30 airlines around the world.[1] It was the largest jet airliner built by Fokker before its bankruptcy in 1997.

Design and development

The Fokker F28 Mk 0100 program was announced in 1983 as an updated replacement for Fokker's popular, but superseded F28 Fellowship design. Marketed as the Fokker 1000 the design was based on the original F28 but featured modern avionics, new generation Rolls-Royce Tay turbofan engines and a redesigned wing. However the most noticeable difference was the longer fuselage, which increased seating by 65% from 65 in the original F28 series to a maximum of 107 in a three-by-two single-class arrangement. The new wing is claimed by Fokker to be 30% more efficient in cruise, while still keeping the simplicity of a fixed leading edge. The cockpit was updated with a Rockwell Collins DU-1000 EFIS. Like the Fokker Fellowship, the Fokker 100 features twin rear fuselage-mounted engines and a T-tail, similar to that of the Douglas DC-9 family. The Fokker 100 does not have eyebrow windows above the main cockpit windows as on the Fokker F28.

Two prototypes were built - the first, PH-MKH, flew for the first time on 30 November 1986, and the second, PH-MKC, followed on 25 February 1987. The type certificate was awarded in November 1987. The first deliveries of the Tay 620-15 powered versions started to Swissair in February 1988. American Airlines (75 aircraft ordered), TAM Transportes Aéreos Regionais (now TAM Airlines) (50 aircraft) and USAir (40 aircraft) were major customers of the Fokker 100 and their aircraft were powered by the more powerful Tay 650-15.

Operational history

By 1991, Fokker had produced 70 units and had orders for more than 230. An extended-range version with additional fuel tanks in the wings was introduced in 1993, and a quick-change passenger/freighter version in 1994, the 100QC. A shorter version was introduced in 1993 as a replacement for the earlier F28, known as the Fokker 70, which removed 4.70 m (15.42 ft) of the fuselage and reduced seating to 80. Studies on the 130 seat Fokker 130 and the Fokker 100QC (freighter) did not reach further stages of development. A Fokker 100EJ (Executive Jet) was introduced in 2003 as a conversion from used Fokker 100 aircraft.

Although the design was a success in the marketplace, Fokker continued to lose money due to mismanagement. Eventually their parent company, Daimler Benz Aerospace, shut them down. Fokker collapsed in 1996 and wound up production in early 1997. There had been some discussion about the company being purchased by Bombardier, but the plans fell through. Like any number of designs, the 70/100 was being increasingly squeezed from below by stretched versions of the Bombardier and Embraer regional jets, which also killed off plans for the Fairchild Dornier 528JET/728JET/928JET and an unnamed design from ATR. A proposed stretch version called the Fokker 130 was never built.[2]

An Amsterdam-based group, Rekkof Restart (Rekkof is Fokker spelled backwards) negotiated to re-open the Fokker 70 and 100 lines in 1999, but the deal never completed. Stork B.V. acquired the maintenance business for the aircraft and operated it under the name "Fokker Aviation".[2]

From 2014 the French DGA Essais en Vol used a Fokker 100 as a flying testbed. It replaced former Dassault Mystère XX's business jet. This Fokker 100 is a former Régional's aircraft. It's called ABE-NG, for Avion Banc-d'Essais de Nouvelle Génération.[3] Alliance Airlines has announced in November 2015 that it shall acquire the entire Austrian Airlines fleet of 21 Fokker 100 and Fokker 70.[4]

Operators

KLM Cityhopper Fokker 100 (old colors)
British Midland Airways Fokker 100
Air Panama Fokker 100
Skywest Airlines Fokker 100 side view, during maintenance at Perth Airport
An Air Niugini Fokker 100 (P2-ANH) parked at Mt. Hagen's Kagamuga Airport, Papua New Guinea.
Rear seat engine view of a KLM Cityhopper Fokker 100
An Iran Air Fokker 100 at Shiraz International Airport, Iran. (2007)
An Alliance Airlines Fokker at Brisbane International Airport

As of August 2015, 171 aircraft are still in operational use with airlines.[5][6]

Former operators

Accidents and incidents

Aircraft on display

Specifications

Fokker 100
Tay 620		 Fokker 100
Tay 650
Cockpit crew Two
Seating capacity 122 (1-class, maximum)
107 (1-class, typical)
97 (2-class, typical)
Seat pitch 29 in (74 cm) (1-class, maximum)
32 in (81 cm) (1-class, typical)
36 in (91 cm) & 32 in (81 cm) (2-class, typical)
Length 35.53 metres (116 ft 7 in)
Wingspan 28.08 metres (92 ft 2 in)
Wing area 93.5 square metres (1,006 sq ft)
Height 8.50 metres (27 ft 11 in)
Fuselage diameter 3.30 m (10 ft 10 in)
Cabin width 3.10 m (10 ft 2 in)
Cabin height 2.01 m (6 ft 7 in)
Typical empty weight 24,375 kilograms (53,738 lb) 24,541 kilograms (54,104 lb)
Maximum take-off weight 43,090 kilograms (95,000 lb) 45,810 kilograms (100,990 lb)
Maximum payload weight 11,242 kilograms (24,784 lb) 11,993 kilograms (26,440 lb)
Max. cruising speed 845 km/h (525 mph, 456 kn), Mach 0.77
Range fully loaded 1,323 nautical miles (2,450 km; 1,522 mi) 1,710 nautical miles (3,170 km; 1,970 mi)
Take off run at MTOW 4,988 feet (1,520 m) 5,319 feet (1,621 m)
Fuel capacity 13,365 L (2,940 imp gal; 3,531 US gal)
Service ceiling 35,000 ft (11,000 m)
Powerplants (2x) Rolls-Royce Tay Mk 620-15 Rolls-Royce Tay Mk 650-15
Engine thrust 13,850 lbf (61.6 kN) 15,100 lbf (67.2 kN)

See also

Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
Related lists

References

Citations

  1. ↑ "World Airliner Census 2012". flightglobal.com.
  2. 1 2 "History of Fokker." undinguniverse.com. Retrieved: 17 August 2011.
  3. ↑ "DGA Essais en Vol : L’ABE-NG touche au but - AéroBuzz : Actualité et Information Aéronautique". 30 March 2014.
  4. ↑ Alliance acquires Austrian Airlines' Fokker fleet
  5. ↑ http://www.ch-aviation.ch/aircraft.php?&search=search&operator=AND&ac_ac=F100&start=30
  6. ↑ "FOKKER 100 FLEET LIST.".
  7. ↑ F100EJ brings bizliner role to retired Fokker 100 twinjets
  8. ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident Fokker 100 PH-KXL Skopje." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: 13 April 2008.
  9. ↑ "Accident description PT-MRK." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: 17 August 2011.
  10. ↑ Germano da Silva, Carlos Ari César (2008). "Vinte e quatro segundos". O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928-1996 (in Portuguese) (2 ed.). Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. pp. 376–381. ISBN 978-85-7430-760-2.
  11. ↑ "Accident description PT-WHK." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: 17 August 2011.
  12. ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident Fokker 100 I-ALPL Barcelona Airport (BCN)." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: 17 August 2011.
  13. ↑ "NTSB Brief of Accident FTW01FA127" (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved 2012-05-31.
  14. ↑ "ASN Accident Description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 2011-05-31.
  15. ↑ "Accident description PT-MRN." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: 17 August 2011.
  16. ↑ Lívia, Marra (16 September 2001). "Avião da TAM acidentado em Minas havia sido revisado no mês passado" (in Portuguese). folha.uol.com.br. Retrieved 23 May 2011.
  17. ↑ "Accident description" Estadão Retrieved: 30 August 2002.
  18. ↑ "Picture: Truck driver killed as Air France Régional Fokker 100 hits vehicle during overrun in Pau." Flight Global. Retrieved: 2 January 2009.
  19. ↑ "Icing led to Air France Fokker takeoff crash: investigators." Flight Global. Retrieved: 2 January 2009.
  20. ↑ "BBC NEWS - UK - England - West Yorkshire - Airliner makes emergency landing".
  21. ↑ "Accident description: Fokker 100 EP-CFO." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: 17 August 2011.
  22. ↑ "Merpati Air Plane Passengers Unharmed In Emergency Landing." Bernama. Retrieved: 4 December 2009.
  23. ↑ "Accident: Iran Air F100 at Isfahan on Jan 15th 2010, nose gear collapse on landing." Aviation Herald. Retrieved: 17 January 2010.
  24. ↑ "Avión aterriza de emergencia en Monterrey." eluniversal.com, 11 February 2010.
  25. ↑ "Plane Skids off Runway in Northwestern Iran." Fars News Agency. Retrieved: 27 August 2010.
  26. ↑ "Airliner makes emergency landing on Myanmar road" AP. Retrieved: 25 December 2012.
  27. ↑ "Avião da Avianca faz pouso de emergência em Brasília" "UOL" Retrieved: 28 January 2014.
  28. ↑ "Mehrnews" "Mehrnews" Retrieved: 28 January 2014.
  29. ↑ "The Fokker 100." airliners.net. Retrieved: 17 August 2011.
  30. ↑ Fokker 100 Specifications aer.ita.br. Retrieved: 29 January 2012.

Bibliography

  • Taylor, Michael J. H. 'Brassey's World Aircraft & Systems Directory. London: Brassey's, 1996. ISBN 1-85753-198-1.

External links

Media related to Fokker F100 at Wikimedia Commons

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